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erschrecken

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Erschrecken

German

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɛʁˈʃʁɛkən/, [ɛɐ̯ˈʃʁɛkən], [ɛɐ̯ˈʃʁɛkŋ̍]
  • Hyphenation: er‧schre‧cken
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

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From Middle High German erschrecken (strong declension), from Old High German irskrekkan. Equivalent to er- +‎ schrecken.

Verb

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erschrecken (class 4 strong, third-person singular present erschrickt, past tense erschrak, past participle erschrocken, past subjunctive erschräke, auxiliary sein or (colloquial) haben)

  1. (standard, intransitive) to be frightened; to be startled [auxiliary sein]
    Ich bin erschrocken.I got scared.
  2. (chiefly colloquial, reflexive) to be frightened; to be startled [auxiliary haben]
    Ich habe mich erschrocken.I got scared.
  3. (dated, transitive) to frighten; to scare (someone) [auxiliary haben]
    • Heinrich von Kleist, Mädchenrätsel
      Bebt er, ihr Schwestern, was, / Redet, erschrickt ihn?
      When he quakes, you sisters, what, / Speak, scares him?
Usage notes
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In the modern standard language there is a split between the strong intransitive verb and the weak transitive/reflexive verb (see below). However, the strong verb may also be used reflexively, albeit chiefly in the vernacular. In older German, the strong verb was even used transitively.

Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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From Middle High German erschrecken (weak declension), from Old High German irskrekken. Equivalent to er- +‎ schrecken.

Verb

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erschrecken (weak, third-person singular present erschreckt, past tense erschreckte, past participle erschreckt, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to frighten; to scare (someone)
    Du hast mich erschreckt.You scared me.
  2. (reflexive) to be frightened; to be startled
    Ich habe mich erschreckt.I got scared.
Conjugation
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See also

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Further reading

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