aral

See also: Aral

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Breton arall, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

Adjective

aral (plural erel)

1. other (not the one previously referred to)

Daur

Noun

aral

1. yoke

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay aral, from Persian عَرَض ('araz), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ, “accident”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaral/
• Rhymes: -ral, -al, -l
• Hyphenation: aral

Noun

aral (plural aral-aral, first-person possessive aralku, second-person possessive aralmu, third-person possessive aralnya)

1. obstacle, hindrance

   Synonyms: alangan, rintangan

Further reading

• “aral” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Etymology

From New Latin arillus, from Medieval Latin arilli.

Noun

aral m (genitive singular arail, nominative plural arail)

1. (botany) aril

Declension

Declension of aral

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative aral arail Vocative a arail a arala Genitive arail aral Dative aral arail

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an t-aral na harail Genitive an arail na n-aral Dative leis an aral don aral leis na harail

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
aral	n-aral	haral	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aral”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian عَرَض ('araz, “accident”), from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaral/ [ˈa.ral]

Noun

aral (Jawi spelling عرل, plural aral-aral, informal 1st possessive aralku, 2nd possessive aralmu, 3rd possessive aralnya)

1. obstacle, hindrance

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• mengaralkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)

Descendants

• Indonesian: aral

Further reading

• “aral” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Tagalog

Etymology

Possibly from Malay ajar, from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “teacher; master”). Compare Cuyunon adal, Masbatenyo adal, Masbate Sorsogon adal, Waray Sorsogon adal, Bikol Central adal, Ilocano adal, Asi aray.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈʔaɾal/ [ˈʔaː.ɾɐl] (noun)

    • Audio:

      (file)

    • Rhymes: -aɾal
  • IPA^(key): /ʔaˈɾal/ [ʔɐˈɾal] (adjective)
    • Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: a‧ral

Noun

aral (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)

1. study; studying

   Synonym: pag-aaral

2. instruction; education

   Synonym: turo

3. moral lesson; moral teaching (especially from a story)

   Synonym: leksiyon

   Puno ng aral ang Bibliya.

   The Bible is full of lessons.

4. counsel; admonition; advice

   Synonym: payo

Derived terms

• aral-aralan
• aral-kapatid
• aralan
• aralin
• araling panlipunan
• araling-pambahay
• bahay-paaralan
• ipangaral
• kaaral
• kamag-aral
• mababang paaralan
• mag-aaral
• mag-aral
• magpaaral
• mangangaral
• mangaral
• mataas na paaralan
• may-pinag-aralan
• napag-aralan
• paaralan
• paaralang bayan
• paaralang elementarya
• paaralang primarya
• paaralang sekundarya
• pag-aaral
• pag-aralan
• paksang-aralin
• palaaral
• pampaaralan
• pangangaral
• pangaral
• pangaralan
• papag-aralin
• pinag-aralan
• silid-aralan
• silid-paaralan
• takdang-aralin

 

Adjective

arál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜎ᜔)

1. studious; given to studying; studied
2. trained; well-trained; educated

References

• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 51
• Zorc, David Paul (1977) The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction (Pacific Linguistics, Series C, No. 44)‎^[2], Canberra: Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, page 213
• Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera (1887) El sanscrito en la lengua tagalog‎^[3] (in Spanish), Paris: Imprimerie de la Faculté de Médecine, A. Davy, page 17
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎^[4] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier

Further reading

• “aral” at KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino‎^[5], Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2021
• “aral”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Anagrams

• lara

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آرال (aral, “archipelago”), from a Mongolic language, ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *aral, compare Mongolian арал (aral), Uyghur ئارال (aral).

Noun

aral (definite accusative aralı, plural arallar) (obsolete)

1. archipelago
2. island

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ارال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[6], Constantinople: Mihran, page 11
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “aral”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 276
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ارال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[7], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 58