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黎

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
黎 U+9ECE, 黎
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9ECE
← 黍
[U+9ECD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 黏 →
[U+9ECF]
黎 U+F989, 黎
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F989
← 麗
[U+F988] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 力 →
[U+F98A]

Translingual

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Han character

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黎 (Kangxi radical 202, 黍+3, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹人水 (HHOE), four-corner 27132, composition ⿳𥝢𠆢氺)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1517, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47994
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2049, character 36
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4759, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+9ECE

Chinese

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trad. 黎
simp. # 黎
alternative forms 㴝
𥣥

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (利) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
犁 *riːl, *ril
黎 *riːl
莉 *riːl, *r'il, *r'i
黧 *riːl
鯬 *riːl, *ril
筣 *riːl, *ri
蔾 *riːl, *ril
藜 *riːl
邌 *riːl
瓈 *riːl
鵹 *rel
棃 *ril
梨 *ril
蟍 *ril
蜊 *ril
鑗 *ril
利 *rids
痢 *rids
浰 *riːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *riːl) : semantic 黍 (“millet”) + phonetic 利 (OC *rids); however, the semantic component is contracted. A regularized but unused variant is 㴝, while a variant without contraction is 𥣥.

Etymology

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“black; numerous”
Cognate with 黧 (“black”) (Wang, 1982).
“Li people”
From Hlai Hlai. Alleged to be used in Eastern Han dynasty book Yiwu Zhi:
《南裔異物志》謂：俚在廣州之南，俗呼俚為𥠖。 [MSC, trad.]
《南裔异物志》谓：俚在广州之南，俗呼俚为𥠖。 [MSC, simp.]
From: 顧炎武《天下郡國利病書》, early Qing dynasty
“Nányì Yìwù Zhì” wèi: Lǐ zài Guǎngzhōu zhī nán, sú hū Lǐ wèi Lí. [Pinyin]
The Records of Foreign Matters says that the Li people live in the south of Guangzhou, and it is commonly known as "𥠖" (Li)
Before Song dynasty, 俚 (lǐ) was a more common term.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Note: lài/lai/lai2 - surname.
Note: loi5 - surname.
Rime
Character 黎
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 郎奚切
Baxter lej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lei/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lei/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɛj/
Li
Rong 		/lei/
Wang
Li 		/liei/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/liei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lai4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 黎 黎
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lí lí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lej › ‹ lej ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]ˁij/ (Cf. 耆 0552l ɡij < *[ɡ]rij ‘old’) /*[r]ˁij/
English old black

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 黎
Reading # 1/1
No. 7880
Phonetic
component 		利
Rime
group 		脂
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		黎
Old
Chinese 		/*riːl/

Definitions

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黎

  1. (obsolete) black
    alt. forms: 黧 (lí)
  2. (literary) numerous
    黎民  ―  límín  ―  common people
  3. until; at the time of
    黎明  ―  límíng  ―  dawn
  4. (～國) (historical) state of Li (a state in modern-day Shanxi, China, during the Shang dynasty)
  5. Used in transcription.
    黎希留  ―  Líxīliú  ―  Richelieu
    黎曼猜想  ―  Límàn cāixiǎng  ―  Riemann hypothesis
    1. (～族) Li people (the largest ethnic minority in Hainan, China)
    2. Short for 黎巴嫩 (Líbānèn, “Lebanon”).
  6. a surname
    黎元洪  ―  Lí Yuánhóng  ―  Li Yuanhong (Chinese politician during the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China)

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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黎

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. black, bluish black
  2. gloomy, dusky
  3. used to indicate the Li people of Hainan Province, China

Readings

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  • Go-on: らい (rai)
  • Kan-on: れい (rei)
  • On: り (ri)
  • Kun: くろ (kuro, 黎)、くろい (kuroi, 黎い)
  • Nanori: たみ (tami)

Compounds

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Compounds

Korean

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Hanja

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黎 (eum 려 (ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 여 (yeo))

  1. hanja form? of 여(黎) (“black”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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黎: Hán Nôm readings: lê, rê

  1. chữ Hán form of Lê (“a surname”).
    黎利 ― Lê Lợi
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