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表

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 錶
表 U+8868, 表
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8868
← 衧
[U+8867] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 衩 →
[U+8869]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

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表 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手一女 (QMV), four-corner 50732, composition ⿱龶𧘇)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1111, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34105
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1576, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 21, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+8868

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (表) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
表 *prawʔ
裱 *prawʔ, *praws
俵 *praws

Originally 𧘝, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 衣 (“garment; clothing”) + 毛 (“hair; feather”) — outer garment.

Officially adopted as the simplified form of 錶 (etymology 2) in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 表
alternative forms 𧘝
𧞧

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • pió - vernacular;
  • piáu - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: biao2 / biou2 / bio2 / biê2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: piáu / pióu / pió / pié
      • Sinological IPA (key): /piau⁵²/, /piou⁵²/, /pio⁵²/, /pie⁵²/
Note:
  • biou2 - Chaozhou, Chenghai;
  • bio2/biê2 - “cousin” (biê2 - Chaozhou, Chenghai).
Rime
Character 表
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 陂矯切
Baxter pjiewX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/piᴇuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/piɛuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pjæuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/piawX/
Li
Rong 		/piɛuX/
Wang
Li 		/pĭɛuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pi̯ɛuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		biǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		biu2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 表
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		biǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pjewX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*p(r)awʔ/
English exterior

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 表
Reading # 1/1
No. 813
Phonetic
component 		表
Rime
group 		宵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		表
Old
Chinese 		/*prawʔ/

Definitions

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表

  1. (obsolete) outer garment
  2. surface; outside; exterior
    外表  ―  wàibiǎo  ―  outward appearance
    月表  ―  yuèbiǎo  ―  surface of the moon
    虛有其表／虚有其表  ―  xūyǒuqíbiǎo  ―  to look impressive but lack real worth
    表裡不一／表里不一  ―  biǎolǐbùyī  ―  to think in one way but speak and act in another
  3. table; list (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
    價目表／价目表  ―  jiàmùbiǎo  ―  price list
  4. form (blank document to be filled in) (Classifier: 張／张 m c g; 份 m c)
    申請表／申请表  ―  shēnqǐng biǎo  ―  application form
    填表  ―  tiánbiǎo  ―  to fill in a form
  5. to show; to express; to display
    表達／表达  ―  biǎodá  ―  to express
    深表同情  ―  shēn biǎo tóngqíng  ―  to show deep sympathy
  6. model; example
    為人師表／为人师表  ―  wéirénshībiǎo  ―  to set an example for others to learn
  7. (historical) memorial to the throne; letter to the ruler of a place or country; from an official in court to the emperor/king
    出師表／出师表  ―  Chūshī Biǎo  ―  Chu Shi Biao (either of two memorials written by Zhuge Liang and presented to Liu Shan)
  8. relationship with the children of one's mother's or paternal grandmother's siblings or the children of one's father's or paternal grandfather's sisters
    表哥  ―  biǎogē  ―  male cousin (mother's sibling's or father's sister's son older than oneself)
    姨表  ―  yíbiǎo  ―  maternal cousin (mother's sister's child)
  9. † outstanding; different
  10. a surname

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 表 – see 錶 (“watch; wristwatch; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 錶).
Notes:

Etymology 3

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simp. and trad.
 表

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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表

  1. (Mainland China, Internet slang) Alternative form of 不要 (bùyào, “do not; don't”)

References

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  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “表”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 16.

Japanese

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Kanji

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表

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds of 表

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
表
おもて
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Ultimately from Old Japanese. Cognate with 面 (omote).[1] Derived as a compound of 面 (omo, “face”) +‎ 手 (te, “hand; direction, side”), basically meaning "face-wards; facing side".[2][3][4][5][6]

The term omote in general is attested since the Nihon Shoki of 720.[4] The 表 spelling for this word is attested from roughly 1000.[1]

Cognate with Okinawan 表 (umuti).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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表(おもて) • (omote) 

  1. surface; face (visible side of an object)
  2. front (of a building), obverse side of a coin ("heads")
  3. cover attached to a surface
  4. outer clothing
  5. facade; appearance; outside; exterior
  6. public; official
  7. main entrance of a house; front door
  8. outside a house; outdoors; street in front of a house
  9. (baseball) first half, top (of an inning)
  10. Short for 表千家 (omotesenke). Foundation of Fushin-an
  11. front room; living room
  12. (computing) foreground
Antonyms
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Suffix

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表(おもて) • (-omote) 

  1. front of something
    西(いり)表(おもて)
    iri-omote
    western front
Usage notes
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Attached to a noun to indicate direction, location, etc.

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
表
ひょう
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 表 (MC pjiewX). Attested in a portion of the Shoku Nihongi dated to 703.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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表(ひょう) • (hyō) ←へう (feu)?

  1. [from 1875] table, chart, list
    表(ひょう)のセル ― hyō no seru ― table cell
    常(じょう)用(よう)漢(かん)字(じ)表(ひょう) ― jōyō kanji hyō ― list of commonly used kanji
  2. [from 703] documents presented to a monarch from a vassal or other foreign dignitary
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “表”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ “表”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 “面”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  5. ^ “手”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[4] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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表 (eumhun 겉 표 (geot pyo))

  1. hanja form? of 표 (“table, diagram, or graph”)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term
表

Han character

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表: Hán Việt readings: biểu
表: Nôm readings: biểu, vẹo, vếu, bẻo, bẹo

  1. chữ Hán form of biểu (“table; chart”).
  2. chữ Hán form of biểu (“outward; external”).
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