致す
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
致 |
いた Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese. Derived as the transitive/causative counterpart to intransitive verb 至る (itaru, “to come; to go; to reach a point in time or space; to result in”),[1] originally meaning the same as causative conjugation 至らせる (itaraseru, “to make something or someone come or go; to make something reach a point in time or space; to cause a certain result”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「致す」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
致す | いたす | [ìtáꜜsù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 致せ | いたせ | [ìtáꜜsè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 致される | いたされる | [ìtásáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 致させる | いたさせる | [ìtásáséꜜrù] |
Potential | 致せる | いたせる | [ìtáséꜜrù] |
Volitional | 致そう | いたそー | [ìtásóꜜò] |
Negative | 致さない | いたさない | [ìtásáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 致さなかった | いたさなかった | [ìtásáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 致します | いたします | [ìtáshímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 致した | いたした | [ìtáꜜshìtà] |
Conjunctive | 致して | いたして | [ìtáꜜshìtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 致せば | いたせば | [ìtáꜜsèbà] |
Verb
[edit]致す • (itasu) transitive godan (stem 致し (itashi), past 致した (itashita))
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 致す |
mediopassive | 至る |
- to deliver; to send
- to have an effect; to lead to a consequence, especially a bad one
- (humble) to do: the humble version of 為る (suru)
- (slang) to masturbate
- (slang) to have sex
Usage notes
[edit]In modern Japanese, this word is generally written in hiragana as いたす, with the kanji spelling used in more formal writing.
When speaking in formal situations, いたす is used in place of する by the speaker in deference to the listener. This is part of the subset of Japanese formal language (敬語 (keigo)) referred to as "humble" language (謙譲語 (kenjōgo)). This word has also found its way into certain common expressions, such as どういたしまして (dō itashimashite, “it's all right; you're welcome”).
Conjugation
[edit]Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 致さ | いたさ | itasa |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 致し | いたし | itashi |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 致す | いたす | itasu |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 致す | いたす | itasu |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 致せ | いたせ | itase |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 致せ | いたせ | itase |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 致される | いたされる | itasareru |
Causative | 致させる 致さす |
いたさせる いたさす |
itasaseru itasasu |
Potential | 致せる | いたせる | itaseru |
Volitional | 致そう | いたそう | itasō |
Negative | 致さない | いたさない | itasanai |
Negative continuative | 致さず | いたさず | itasazu |
Formal | 致します | いたします | itashimasu |
Perfective | 致した | いたした | itashita |
Conjunctive | 致して | いたして | itashite |
Hypothetical conditional | 致せば | いたせば | itaseba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 致さ | いたさ | itasa |
Continuative (連用形) | 致し | いたし | itasi |
Terminal (終止形) | 致す | いたす | itasu |
Attributive (連体形) | 致す | いたす | itasu |
Realis (已然形) | 致せ | いたせ | itase |
Imperative (命令形) | 致せ | いたせ | itase |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 致さず | いたさず | itasazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 致せど | いたせど | itasedo |
Causal conjunction | 致せば | いたせば | itaseba |
Conditional conjunction | 致さば | いたさば | itasaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 致しき | いたしき | itasiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 致しけり | いたしけり | itasikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 致しつ | いたしつ | itasitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 致しぬ | いたしぬ | itasinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 致せり 致したり |
いたせり いたしたり |
itaseri itasitari |
Volitional | 致さむ | いたさむ | itasamu |
References
[edit]- Japanese terms spelled with 致 read as いた
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -su
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese humble terms
- Japanese slang