片

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片 U+7247, 片
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7247
← 牆
[U+7246] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 版 →
[U+7248]
⽚ U+2F5A, ⽚
KANGXI RADICAL SLICE
← ⽙
[U+2F59] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽛ →
[U+2F5B]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order

Han character

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See images of
Radical 91 片

片 (Kangxi radical 91, 片+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 中中一中 (LLML) or 中中一弓 (LLMN), four-corner 22027, composition ⿰丿⿱丄𠃍)

  1. Kangxi radical #91, ⽚.

Derived characters

[edit]

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 692, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19813
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1105, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2014, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7247

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 片
simp. # 片

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 片
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (片) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
爿 *braːn, *zaŋ
片 *pʰeːns
沜 *pʰaːns

Mirror image of 爿 (OC *braːn, “piece”), which is the pictogram of a bed.

Shuowen: half of 木 (“wood; tree”) to denote “to pare; to slice”; but this interpretation is not based on oracle bones and bronzes.

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note: piān - colloquial variant used in the sense “thin piece”, especially an electronic item, such as films, photographs, discs.
Note:
  • phìⁿ - vernacular;
  • phiàn - literary.
Note:
  • piang3/piêng3 - literary (piêng3 - Chaozhou);
  • pin3 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 片
Mandarin Beijing /pʰian⁵¹/
Harbin /pʰian⁵³/ 膠～
/pʰian⁴⁴/ 相～兒
Tianjin /pʰian²¹/ 影～
/pʰian⁵³/ 量詞
Jinan /pʰiã²¹/
Qingdao /pʰiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pʰian³¹²/
Xi'an /pʰiã⁵³/
Xining /pʰiã⁵³/
Yinchuan /pʰian⁵³/
Lanzhou /pʰiɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /pʰian²¹³/
Wuhan /pʰiɛn³⁵/
Chengdu /pʰian¹³/
Guiyang /pʰian²¹³/
Kunming /pʰiɛ̃²¹²/
Nanjing /pʰien⁴⁴/
Hefei /pʰiĩ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰie⁵³/ 字～～
/pʰie⁴⁵/ 一～
Pingyao /pʰie̞⁵³/ 名片
/pʰie̞³⁵/ 女陰
Hohhot /pʰie⁵³/ 藥～子
/pʰie⁵⁵/ ～面
Wu Shanghai /pʰi³⁵/
Suzhou /pʰiɪ⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /pʰiẽ̞⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /pʰi⁴²/
Hui Shexian /pʰe³²⁴/
Tunxi /pʰiɛ⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /pʰiẽ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /pʰiẽ⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /pʰiɛn²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /pʰien³¹/
Taoyuan /pʰien³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰin³³/
Nanning /pʰin³³/
Hong Kong /pʰin³³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pʰian²¹/
/pʰĩ²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pʰiɛŋ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pʰiŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /pʰiaŋ²¹³/
/pʰĩ²¹³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fin³⁵/
/fi³⁵/
Rime
Character 片
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 普麵切
Baxter phenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰenH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰenH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰɛnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰɛnH/
Li
Rong 		/pʰenH/
Wang
Li 		/pʰienH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pʰienH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		piàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pin3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 片
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		piàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ phenH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰˁe[n]-s/
English half; partial

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 片
Reading # 1/1
No. 9740
Phonetic
component 		片
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		片
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰeːns/

Definitions

[edit]

片

  1. thin piece; flake; slice
    片子  ―  piànzi  ―  flake, small piece
  2. film; TV play; photograph; record
    影片  ―  yǐngpiàn  ―  film, movie
    片子  ―  piānzi  ―  film, movie, film reel
    1. (specifically) film (form of mass media); movie (Classifier: 部 m; 套 c)
      賀歲片／贺岁片 [Cantonese]  ―  ho6 seoi3 pin3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  Chinese New Year film
      動作片／动作片  ―  dòngzuò piān  ―  action movie
      片商 [Cantonese]  ―  pin3-2 soeng1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    2. (by extension, Cantonese) video (Classifier: 條／条 c)
      去片 [Cantonese]  ―  heoi3 pin3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to play a video
  3. (medicine) tablet
  4. (dialectal) diaper; nappy (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    幫BB換片／帮BB换片 [Cantonese]  ―  bong1 bi4 bi1 wun6 pin3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to change diapers for the baby
    纜片／缆片 [Cantonese]  ―  laam6 pin3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to wear a diaper
  5. part of a place; area
  6. (linguistics) subgroup; subdivision of a language
    廣府片／广府片 [Cantonese]  ―  gwong2 fu2 pin3 [Jyutping]  ―  Guangfu subgroup (of Yue Chinese)
  7. to slice; to carve thin
  8. (Cantonese) to fight
  9. (Cantonese) to throw something along its thin side
    片石仔 [Cantonese]  ―  pin3-2 sek6 zai2 [Jyutping]  ―  stone skipping
  10. (Cantonese, of a vehicle) to squeeze into a gap
  11. (Cantonese) bribe
    收片 [Cantonese]  ―  sau1 pin3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to collect bribes
  12. partial; incomplete; one-sided
    片面  ―  piànmiàn  ―  unilateral, one-sided
  13. Classifier for flat objects such as leaves, pieces of paper, slices, etc.
    一片麵包／一片面包  ―  yī piàn miànbāo  ―  a slice of bread
  14. Classifier for small nonspherical medicinal objects such as pills, tablets.
  15. Classifier for tracts of land and areas of water.
  16. Classifier for CDs, movies and DVDs.
  17. (used with numeral 一) Classifier for scenarios, scenes, feelings, atmospheres, sounds, clouds.
  18. (Teochew) Classifier for doors and windows.
  19. (Hakka, Teochew) side
    東片／东片 [Teochew]  ―  dang1 pin3 [Peng'im]  ―  east; east side
    許片／许片 [Teochew]  ―  he2 pin3 [Peng'im]  ―  there; that side

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 視頻 (“video”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 視頻 Mainland China, 影片 Taiwan, 視訊 Taiwan
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 影片
Cantonese Hong Kong 影片, 片
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 視頻
Dialectal synonyms of 尿布 (“diaper; nappy”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 尿布, 尿片
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 尿布, 褯子
Taiwan 尿布
Langfang 褯子
Chifeng 尿布, 褯子
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 褯子
Harbin 尿布, 褯子, 尿褯子
Shenyang 尿布, 褯子
Singapore 尿布
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 褯子, 㞎㞎褯子
Tangshan 尿布, 褯子
Cangzhou 尿布, 褯子
Baoding 褯子
Shijiazhuang 尿布, 褯子
Jinan 褯子, 尿布
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 潑潑
Qingdao 褯子
Central Plains Mandarin Daming 褯子
Wanrong 屎布子
Zhengzhou 屎布
Xi'an 尿布, 墊子, 褯子
Xining 尿褯褯, 尿布
Xuzhou 尿布, 褯子
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 尿布
Lanzhou 尿布, 褯褯子
Ürümqi 尿褯子, 褯褯子
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 尿片片, 尿片, 尿片子, 片片兒, 尿布
Chongqing 尿片兒, 片子
Wuhan 尿布, 片子, 尿片子, 㞎㞎片子
Guiyang 尿片, 片
Kunming 尿布
Guilin 尿布
Liuzhou 尿布, 尿片
Mae Salong (Lancang) 尿布
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 尿布
Yangzhou 尿布
Nantong 尿布, 尿溺子
Hefei 尿布
Cantonese Guangzhou 尿片, 屎片, 片
Hong Kong 尿片, 屎片, 片
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 尿布
Macau 尿片
Guangzhou (Panyu) 屎片
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 屎布
Guangzhou (Conghua) 屎片
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 屎片
Foshan 屎片
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 屎片
Foshan (Shunde) 尿片
Foshan (Sanshui) 屎片
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 尿布
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 尿片
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 尿片
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 尿片
Zhuhai (Doumen) 尿片
Jiangmen (Baisha) 尿片
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 尿片
Taishan 尿片
Kaiping (Chikan) 尿片, 屎片
Enping (Niujiang) 尿布
Heshan (Yayao) 屎布
Dongguan 屎片
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 尿片
Hepu (Lianzhou) 尿布
Hepu (Shatian) 尿布
Beihai 尿布
Beihai (Nankang) 屎片
Beihai (Yingpan) 屎布
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 尿片
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 尿布, 紙布
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 尿片
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 尿布
Móng Cái 尿片
Gan Nanchang 褯片
Lichuan 褯仔
Pingxiang 屎片布, 屎片
Hakka Meixian 尿帕, 尿裙, 屎帕, 屎裙, 尿布, 屎片
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 屎片, 尿片
Dongguan (Qingxi) 屎片
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 屎片
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 尿布
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 尿布
Yudu 屎跌子, 尿片
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 尿裙仔, 尿墊仔, 尿布
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 尿布仔, 尿布, 尿片
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 尿裙, 尿布
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 尿裙, 尿墊, 尿布
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 尿裙, 尿墊仔, 尿布
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 尿裙
Huizhou Jixi 尿片
Shexian 尿片
Jin Taiyuan 屎布, 尿褯子
Xinzhou 屎布
Linhe 尿布
Jining 尿布
Hohhot 尿布, 屎布
Zhangjiakou 尿布
Handan 尿布, 屎布
Northern Min Jian'ou 尿塊, 尿托仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 尿套
Southern Min Xiamen 尿苴, 尿燥, 尿帕
Quanzhou 尿燥, 尿帕
Jinjiang 尿燥
Zhangzhou 尿苴, 尿帕
Zhao'an 尿帕
Taipei (Wanhua) 尿苴仔
New Taipei (Tamsui) 尿苴仔, 尿帕仔
New Taipei (Pingxi) 尿苴仔
Kaohsiung 尿苴仔
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 尿苴仔, 尿帕仔
Yilan 尿苴仔
Yilan (Luodong) 尿苴仔
Yilan (Toucheng) 尿苴仔
Changhua (Lukang) 尿苴仔
Taichung 尿苴仔
Taichung (Wuqi) 尿苴仔
Tainan 尿苴, 尿帕
Tainan (Anping) 尿苴仔, 尿帕仔
Taitung 尿苴仔
Hsinchu 尿帕仔
Penghu (Magong) 尿苴
Penghu (Xiyu) 尿苴
Penang (Hokkien) lampeng
Singapore (Hokkien) 尿巾, 冰薄
Manila (Hokkien) 尿燥
Shantou 尿布
Haikou 尿幅, 幅
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 尿片, 尿蔭
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 尿掩
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 尿片, 屎片
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 尿布
Wu Shanghai 尿布
Shanghai (Chongming) 尿布
Suzhou 尿布
Danyang 尿布
Hangzhou 單爿兒
Ningbo 尿衲布, 尿衲, 衲, 衲爿
Jinhua 尿片
Xiang Changsha 尿布, 片
Loudi 褯子布, 褯子
Dialectal synonyms of 扇 (“(classifier for doors)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 扇, 道
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 扇兒
Taiwan 扇
Singapore 扇
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 扇
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 扇, 道
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 扇
Xi'an 扇兒, 扇, 道
Xining 扇, 道
Xuzhou 扇兒, 扇, 道
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 扇
Ürümqi 道
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 扇, 道
Wuhan 扇, 道
Guiyang 扇
Guilin 扇
Liuzhou 扇, 道
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 扇
Yangzhou 扇
Hefei 扇
Cantonese Guangzhou 度
Hong Kong 度
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 隻
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 度
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 隻
Taishan 度
Dongguan 度
Yangjiang 扇
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 扇
Gan Nanchang 扇
Pingxiang 扇
Hakka Meixian 扇, 皮
Yudu 扇
Hong Kong 隻
Senai (Huiyang) 扇
Jin Taiyuan 扇, 道
Xinzhou 扇
Northern Min Jian'ou 扇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 扇
Southern Min Xiamen 扇
Quanzhou 扇
Zhangzhou 扇
Taipei (Wanhua) 扇
Kaohsiung 片
Yilan 扇
Changhua (Lukang) 扇
Taichung 片
Taichung (Wuqi) 扇
Tainan 片, 扇
Taitung 片
Hsinchu 片
Penghu (Magong) 扇
Chaozhou 片
Jieyang 片
Bangkok (Teochew) 片
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 扇
Singapore (Teochew) 片
Leizhou 奇
Haikou 片
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 扇
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 扇
Wu Shanghai 扇
Suzhou 扇
Ningbo 扇
Wenzhou 爿
Xiang Changsha 扇, 張, 隻
Shuangfeng 扇

Compounds

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Descendants

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

[edit]
片

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. (かた): one of a pair, one-sided[1]
  2. (ひら, きれ): slice
  3. slight, a little
  4. (ペンス): pound sterling

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: へん (hen, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: へん (hen, Jōyō)
  • Kun: かた (kata, 片, Jōyō)、ひら (hira, 片)、きれ (kire, 片)、ペンス (pensu, 片)

Derived terms

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
片
かた
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kata-. First cited in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[2]

Alexander Vovin asserts it's a loanword from Old Korean; compare Old Korean 一等 (*HAton, “one”).[3] However, Vovin's source for the Koreanic term is a document that is over 500 years newer than the first Japonic mention; it would have to be an even earlier borrowing into Japanese.

Japanese sources describe this as cognate with 方(かた) (kata, “side, direction”).[4] However, the pitch accents differ: compounds starting with 片 show <LL-> accent in the Heian period, in contrast to 方, which is recorded with a <HL> accent instead, suggesting no direct relationship between the two.

Alternatively, 肩(かた) (kata, “shoulder”) might be a more likely cognate given that term's matching <LH> accent and compounds also indicating homonymy: compare 傾(かた)げる (katageru, “to tilt, to incline”), 担(かた)げる (katageru, “to carry on one’s shoulder”). Also, accent comparison might support that this word derives from the verb root 勝(か)つ (katsu, “to win; to tend to”) or 搗(か)つ (katsu, “to pound”) (both have an <L-> accent), and adverb 且(か)つ (katsu, “besides; moreover; also; and”) which has an <LF> accent.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Prefix

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片(かた) • (kata-) 

  1. [from 720] (prefixed to a noun) one side or part of a pair or larger set
    片(かた)手(て)、片(かた)身(み)
    katate, katami
    one hand, one half of the body
  2. [from 720] (prefixed to a noun or verb) one-sided
    片(かた)思(おも)い、傾(かたむ)ける
    kataomoi, katamukeru
    one-sided thoughts / unrequited affection (as between two people), to lean to one side
  3. [from 720] (prefixed to a noun or verb) incomplete, partial, small
    片(かた)山(やま)、片(かた)時(とき)、片(かた)笑(え)む
    katayama, katatoki, kataemu
    a small mountain, a short time, to smile slightly
  4. [from 720] (prefixed to a noun) leaning or trending that way (emphasizing the quality of the prefixed noun)
    片(かた)田舎(いなか)
    katainaka
    the remote countryside
  5. [from 720] (prefixed to a verb, archaic) frequently, intently, earnestly
    片(かた)設(ま)く
    katamaku
    to focus intently on doing one thing

References

[edit]
  1. ^ “片”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
  2. ^ “片”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  3. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2010) Koreo-Japonica: A Re-Evaluation of a Common Genetic Origin, University of Hawai’i Press, →ISBN, →JSTOR
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

[edit]

片 (eumhun 조각 편 (jogak pyeon))

Compounds

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Compounds

Vietnamese

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Han character

[edit]

片: Hán Nôm readings: phiến, phiện

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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