爆

爆 U+7206, 爆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7206 ← 爅 [U+7205] CJK Unified Ideographs 爇 → [U+7207]

Translingual

Han character

爆 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 火日廿水 (FATE), four-corner 9683₂, composition ⿰火暴)

1. crackle, pop, burst, explode, bomb

Related characters

• 曝

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 686, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19540
• Dae Jaweon: page 1099, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2245, character 11
• Unihan data for U+7206

Chinese

trad.		爆
simp. #		爆
2nd round simp.		𤆊
alternative forms		𤒺

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 爆
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (暴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
暴	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
曝	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
瀑	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
虣	*boːwɢs
爆	*proːwɢs, *poːwɢ, *proːwɢ
襮	*poːwɢ, *poːwɢ
嚗	*proːwɢ
謈	*pʰroːwɢ, *broːwɢ
犦	*broːwɢ, *poːwɢ
懪	*broːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *proːwɢs, *poːwɢ, *proːwɢ) : semantic 火 + phonetic 暴 (OC *boːwɢs, *boːɡ). However, the phonetic component originally meant "violence", hence it could add part of the meaning. A conservative variant is 𤒺; later it was stylized into 爆.

Etymology

Cognate with Burmese ပေါက် (pauk, “to explode, to burst”).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bào (bao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baau³ / paau³ / bok³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): pau / phau

  (Hailu, HRS): bau^ˇ / pau^ˇ

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): po̍k / pho̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bao⁶ / pag⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶bau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bào
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bào
    • Wade–Giles: pao⁴
    • Yale: bàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baw
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: baau³ / paau³ / bok³
    • Yale: baau / paau / bok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baau³ / paau³ / bok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: bao³ / pao³ / bog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːu̯³³/, /pʰaːu̯³³/, /pɔːk̚³/

Note: paau3, bok3 - variant (uncommon).

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pau / phau
    • Hakka Romanization System: bau / pau
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bau⁴ / pau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pau̯⁵⁵/, /pʰau̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: bau^ˇ / pau^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /pau¹¹/, /pʰau¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍k
    • Tâi-lô: po̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pok
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: pho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phok
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bao⁶ / pag⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pău / pha̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pau³⁵/, /pʰak̚⁴/

Note: pag8 - used in 爆竹.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶bau
    • MiniDict: bau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³bau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bɔ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: paewH

Rime
Character	爆
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	北敎切
Baxter	paewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/pauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨwH/
Li Rong	/pauH/
Wang Li	/pauH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	baau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤrawk-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*proːwɢs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	爆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bào
Middle Chinese	‹ pæwH ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁrawk-s/
English	explode (not pre-Qín)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	爆
Reading #	1/3
No.	334
Phonetic component	暴
Rime group	貌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	豹
Old Chinese	/*proːwɢs/

Definitions

爆

1. to burst; to explode; to crackle (from fire)
2. (cooking)to quick fry; to quick boil
3. (colloquial) full; filled to capacity; exceeding the limit

   已經爆咗預算。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   已经爆咗预算。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ji⁵ ging¹ baau³ zo² jyu⁶ syun³. [Jyutping]

   The budget has been used fully.

   間房爆棚。／间房爆棚。 [Cantonese]  ―  gaan¹ fong^4-2 baau³ paang⁴. [Jyutping]  ―  The room is full.

4. (Cantonese, colloquial) extremely; intensively; explosively

   我而家忙到爆！ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   ngo⁵ ji⁴ gaa¹ mong⁴ dou³ baau³ ! [Jyutping]

   I'm extremely busy now!

5. to expose; to reveal

   爆料 [Cantonese]  ―  baau³ liu^6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to debunk; to expose

6. (Cantonese) shocking; startling

Compounds

• 冷灰爆豆
• 地下核爆
• 塞爆音
• 塵爆／尘爆
• 大爆滿／大爆满
• 導爆索／导爆索
• 引爆 (yǐnbào)
• 放爆竹
• 核子試爆／核子试爆
• 核爆 (hébào)
• 栗爆
• 氣爆／气爆
• 氣爆彈／气爆弹
• 氫爆／氢爆
• 火爆 (huǒbào)
• 爆仗 (bàozhàng)
• 爆冷 (bàolěng)
• 爆出 (bàochū)
• 爆彈／爆弹 (bàodàn)
• 爆料 (bàoliào)
• 爆棚 (bàopéng)
• 爆款 (bàokuǎn)
• 爆滿／爆满 (bàomǎn)
• 爆炭
• 爆炸 (bàozhà)
• 爆燥
• 爆燥如雷
• 爆發／爆发 (bàofā)
• 爆破 (bàopò)
• 爆破小組／爆破小组
• 爆破筒 (bàopòtǒng)
• 爆穀／爆谷 (bàogǔ)
• 爆竹 (bàozhú)
• 爆竿
• 爆笑 (bàoxiào)
• 爆米花 (bàomǐhuā)
• 爆紅／爆红 (bàohóng, “to go viral (rapid sharing)”)
• 爆肝
• 爆肚 (bàodǔ)
• 爆肚兒／爆肚儿 (bàodǔr)
• 爆胎 (bàotāi)
• 爆裂 (bàoliè)
• 爆軚／爆𮷗 (bàotāi)
• 爆震
• 篤爆／笃爆
• 耗爆
• 起爆
• 踢爆
• 音爆
• 高爆彈／高爆弹

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bó (bo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bok³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bó
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bó
    • Wade–Giles: po²
    • Yale: bwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
    • Palladius: бо (bo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bok³
    • Yale: bok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: bog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːk̚³/

---

• Middle Chinese: paewk, pak

Rime
Character	爆	爆
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)	鐸 (104)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	北角切	補各切
Baxter	paewk	pak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠʌk̚/	/pwɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚɔk̚/	/pʷɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pɔk̚/	/puɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨwk̚/	/pwak̚/
Li Rong	/pɔk̚/	/puɑk̚/
Wang Li	/pɔk̚/	/puɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pɔk̚/	/pwɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bo	bo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bok3	bok3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*poːwɢ/, /*proːwɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	爆	爆
Reading #	2/3	3/3
No.	335	337
Phonetic component	暴	暴
Rime group	藥	藥
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	博	剥
Old Chinese	/*poːwɢ/	/*proːwɢ/

Definitions

爆

1. Only used in 爆爍／爆烁.

Pronunciation 3

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pok

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pok
    • Tâi-lô: pok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pɔk̚³²/

Definitions

爆

1. (Hokkien) to heat up and have it release oil or have it burst while dry frying (of some fruits, etc.)
2. (Hokkien) to rupture and sprout due to burns, bumps, etc.

Japanese

Kanji

爆

(Jōyō kanji)

1. bomb
2. explode, burst open

Readings

• Go-on: ひょう (hyō)^{←へう (feu, historical)}、ほく (hoku)
• Kan-on: はく (haku)、ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ばく (baku, Jōyō)
• Kun: はず (hazu, 爆ず)、はぜる (hazeru, 爆ぜる)

Compounds

Compounds

• 爆発(ばくはつ) (bakuhatsu): explosion
• 爆(ばく)発(はつ)的(てき) (bakuhatsuteki): explosive
• 爆薬(ばくやく) (bakuyaku): gunpowder
• 空爆(くうばく) (kūbaku): air raid
• 爆弾(ばくだん) (bakudan): a bomb
• 水爆(すいばく) (suibaku): hydrogen bomb
• 原爆(げんばく) (genbaku): atomic bomb, nuclear bomb
• 原(げん)水(すい)爆(ばく) (gensuibaku): atomic and hydrogen bombs, nuclear weapons in general
• 被(ひ)爆(ばく) (hibaku): being bombed
• 爆殺(ばくさつ) (bakusatsu): killing by bombing
• 爆死(ばくし) (bakushi): death by explosion
• 爆乳(ばくにゅう) (bakunyū): extremely large breasts
• 爆走(ばくそう) (bakusō): explosively loud and fast driving (of a car or motorbike)
• 自(じ)爆(ばく) (jibaku): suicide bombing; deliberately crashing or exploding one's vehicle

Korean

Etymology 1

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 포 (po) based on Middle Chinese 爆 (MC paewH).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 보ᇢ〮 (Yale: pwów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pʰo̞k̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [폭]

Hanja

Wikisource

爆 (eumhun 터질 폭 (teojil pok))

1. hanja form^? of 폭 (“to explode”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 폭사 (爆死, poksa)
• 피폭 (被爆, pipok)
• 폭음 (爆音, pogeum)
• 폭탄 (爆彈, poktan)
• 폭발 (爆發, pokbal)
• 폭살 (爆殺, poksal)
• 폭풍 (爆風, pokpung)
• 폭격 (爆擊, pokgyeok)
• 폭소 (爆笑, pokso)
• 폭죽 (爆竹, pokjuk)
• 폭파 (爆破, pokpa)
• 자폭 (自爆, japok)
• 수소폭탄 (水素爆彈, susopoktan)
• 원자폭탄 (原子爆彈, wonjapoktan)
• 시한폭탄 (時限爆彈, sihanpoktan)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 爆 (MC paewk|pak).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 박〮 (Yale: pák) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Hanja

爆 (eumhun 지질 박 (jijil bak))

1. (literary) hanja form^? of 박 (“to sear; scorch”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

爆: Hán Nôm readings: bạo, bạc, bộc

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