村

See also: 材, 付, and 邨

村 U+6751, 村 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6751 ← 材 [U+6750] CJK Unified Ideographs 杒 → [U+6752]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

村 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木木戈 (DDI), four-corner 4490₀, composition ⿰木寸)

Derived characters

• 𠴘, 𦛻, 𦀹, 𬂨, 𬗽, 𨴺, 𢚳, 𭌴, 𭿴, 𮥳

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 511, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14464
• Dae Jaweon: page 896, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1158, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6751

Chinese

simp. and trad.		村
alternative forms		邨

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 村
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (寸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
村	*sʰuːn
忖	*sʰuːnʔ
刌	*sʰuːnʔ
寸	*sʰuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰuːn) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 寸 (OC *sʰuːns).

Origin unclear. Seems a late graph, not in Shuowen dictionary of ca.100AD. Ogawa treats it as variant of CO graph 杶 "lacquer tree" which was used phonetically in the sense of "village" in place of another graph for "village", 邨, which may be taken provisionally as 阝 "settlement, village", and 屯 "accumulate, stay" as semantic and phonetic.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cūn (cun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄣ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cyun¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): tun⁴ / tun^4*

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhûn

  (Hailu, HRS): cun^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cun¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): chŏng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): coeng¹ / cyeng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhun / chhoan / chhng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ceng¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tshen

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cun
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻun¹
    • Yale: tswūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuen
    • Palladius: цунь (cunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cūnr
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cunr
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻun¹-ʼrh
    • Yale: tswūnr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuel
    • Palladius: цуньр (cunʹr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯əɻ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cyun¹
    • Yale: chyūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsyn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: tun⁴ / tun^4*
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰun²¹/, /tʰun²¹⁻²¹⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: cun^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: cun^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰouŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: coeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cyeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyøŋ⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun
    • Tâi-lô: tshun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhwn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰun³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoan
    • Tâi-lô: tshuan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhoafn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuan³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhng
    • Tâi-lô: tshng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhngf
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍³³/

Note:

• chhun - literary;
• chhoan/chhng - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ceng¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshṳng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɯŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshen
    • MiniDict: tshen^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshen
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰən⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshwon

Rime
Character	村
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	此尊切
Baxter	tshwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰuən/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰuon/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰwən/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuən/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰuən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyun1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰuːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	村
Reading #	1/1
No.	1910
Phonetic component	寸
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	村
Old Chinese	/*sʰuːn/

Definitions

村

1. village; hamlet (Classifier: 條／条 c)

   農村／农村  ―  nóngcūn  ―  rural area, village, countryside

   鄉村／乡村  ―  xiāngcūn  ―  rural area, village, countryside

2. (especially Hong Kong) housing estate

   Alternative form: (more common) 邨

3. (attributive) rustic; boorish; uncouth; vulgar
4. (Beijing Mandarin) to scold (clarification of this definition is needed)
5. rural village (an administrative unit in the Republic of China)

See also

• 城 (chéng)

Compounds

• 丁村遺址／丁村遗址
• 三家村
• 中興新村／中兴新村
• 乾村沙／干村沙
• 千村萬落／千村万落
• 唐村 (Tángcūn)
• 圍村／围村 (wéicūn)
• 地球村 (dìqiúcūn)
• 大村 (dàcūn)
• 孟村 (Mèngcūn)
• 安村 (Āncūn)
• 專業村／专业村
• 尋村轉疃／寻村转疃
• 小村 (Xiǎocūn)
• 山村 (shāncūn)
• 度假村 (dùjiàcūn)
• 成村人 (seng⁴ cyun¹ jan⁴) (Cantonese)
• 撒村
• 文化村
• 村人 (cūnrén)
• 村俗
• 村務／村务 (cūnwù)
• 村務酒／村务酒
• 村塢／村坞 (cūnwù)
• 村塾 (cūnshú)
• 村墟
• 村夫 (cūnfū)
• 村夫俗子
• 村夫子
• 村天樂／村天乐
• 村夫野老
• 村姑 (cūngū)
• 村婦／村妇
• 村子 (cūnzi)
• 村學／村学 (cūnxué)
• 村學究／村学究
• 村容 (cūnróng)
• 村居野店
• 村廝／村厮
• 村強／村强
• 村書／村书
• 村村勢勢／村村势势
• 村校
• 村歌
• 村民 (cūnmín)
• 村氣／村气
• 村沙
• 村沙樣勢／村沙样势
• 村潑／村泼
• 村牛
• 村生泊長／村生泊长
• 村疃
• 村筋俗骨
• 村紂／村纣
• 村老子
• 村聲潑嗓／村声泼嗓
• 杏花村 (xìnghuācūn)
• 村莊／村庄 (cūnzhuāng)
• 村落 (cūnluò)
• 村虔
• 村話／村话
• 村貌 (cūnmào)
• 村路歧
• 村郎
• 村里
• 村野 (cūnyě)
• 村錢／村钱
• 村鎮／村镇 (cūnzhèn)
• 村長／村长 (cūnzhǎng)
• 村閒／村闲
• 村雨
• 樟村坪 (Zhāngcūnpíng)
• 模範村／模范村
• 漁村／渔村 (yúcūn)
• 當村／当村
• 發村／发村
• 眷村 (juàncūn)
• 翠亨村
• 自然村 (zìráncūn)
• 荒村 (huāngcūn)
• 賽村社／赛村社
• 趙村／赵村 (Zhàocūn)
• 農村／农村 (nóngcūn)
• 鄉村／乡村 (xiāngcūn)
• 鄉村社區／乡村社区
• 鄉村音樂／乡村音乐 (xiāngcūn yīnyuè)
• 鄧村／邓村 (Dèngcūn)
• 鄰村／邻村 (líncūn)
• 集村
• 雨村曲話／雨村曲话
• 高村 (Gāocūn)
• 麻風村／麻风村

 

Japanese

Kanji

村

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: そん (son, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: そん (son, Jōyō)
• Kun: むら (mura, 村, Jōyō)
• Nanori: すえ (sue)、つね (tsune)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
村
そん Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 村 (MC tshwon).

Affix

村(そん) • (son) 

1. village
2. local administrative division

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 村(そん)翁(おう) (son'ō)
• 村(そん)会(かい) (sonkai)
• 村(そん)学(がく) (songaku)
• 村(そん)学(がっ)究(きゅう) (songakkyū)
• 村(そん)議(ぎ)会(かい) (songikai)
• 村(そん)社(しゃ) (sonsha)
• 村(そん)酒(しゅ) (sonshu)
• 村(そん)儒(じゅ) (sonju)
• 村(そん)醸(じょう) (sonjō)
• 村(そん)人(じん) (sonjin)
• 村(そん)税(ぜい) (sonzei)
• 村(そん)設(せつ) (sonsetsu)
• 村(そん)叟(そう) (sonsō)
• 村(そん)俗(ぞく) (sonzoku)
• 村(そん)長(ちょう) (sonchō)
• 村(そん)童(どう) (sondō)
• 村(そん)費(ぴ) (sonpi)
• 村(そん)婦(ぷ) (sonpu)
• 村(そん)夫(ぷう) (sonpū)
• 村(そん)夫(ぷう)子(し) (sonpūshi)
• 村(そん)法(ぽう) (sonpō)
• 村(そん)民(みん) (sonmin)
• 村(そん)名(めい) (sonmei)
• 村(そん)有(ゆう) (son'yū)
• 村(そん)邑(ゆう) (son'yū)
• 村(そん)落(らく) (sonraku)
• 村(そん)吏(り) (sonri)
• 村(そん)閭(りょ) (sonryo)
• 村(そん)老(ろう) (sonrō)
• 村(そん)醪(ろう) (sonrō)
• 一(いっ)村(そん) (isson)
• 遠(えん)村(そん) (enson)
• 塊(かい)村(そん) (kaison)
• 街(がい)村(そん) (gaison)
• 寒(かん)村(そん) (kanson)
• 漁(ぎょ)村(そん) (gyoson)
• 行(ぎょう)政(せい)村(そん) (gyōsei-son)
• 近(きん)村(そん) (kinson)
• 郡(ぐん)村(そん) (gunson)
• 郊(こう)村(そん) (kōson)
• 郷(ごう)村(そん) (gōson)
• 山(さん)村(そん) (sanson)
• 散(さん)村(そん) (sanson)
• 自(じ)村(そん) (jison)
• 全(ぜん)村(そん) (zenson)
• 他(た)村(そん) (tason)
• 町(ちょう)村(そん) (chōson)
• 農(のう)村(そん) (nōson)
• 廃(はい)村(そん) (haison)
• 貧(ひん)村(そん) (hinson)
• 分(ぶん)村(そん) (bunson)
• 弊(へい)村(そん) (heison)
• 僻(へき)村(そん) (hekison)
• 母(ぼ)村(そん) (boson)
• 離(り)村(そん) (rison)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
村
むら Grade: 1
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 村 – see the following entry.

【むら】 [noun] 村, 𨛗: village (a rural habitation of size between a hamlet and a town) Alternative spelling 𨛗

(This term, 村, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

村 (eumhun 마을 촌 (ma'eul chon))

1. hanja form^? of 촌 (“village”)

Kunigami

Kanji

村

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Kun: むらー (murā, 村)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mura, from Proto-Japonic *mura. Cognate with Japanese 村 (mura).

Pronunciation

• ム​ラー
• IPA^(key): /muɾaː/

Noun

村(むらー) (murā) 

1. village

   村見欲せん。

   murā mī-busen.

   I want to see the village.

References

• Nakasone, Seizen (仲宗根政善) (1983) 沖縄今帰仁方言辞典 [Okinawa Nakijin Dialect Dictionary], Tokyo (東京都): Kadokawa Shōten (角川商店), page 559

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

Unknown. One theory suggests a contraction of 在処 (ari-ka, “whereabouts”), derived from 有り (ari, “to exist”). Might be related to 石村 (Ipare), possibly from 岩 (ipa, “rock”) + 村 (are).

Noun

村 (*are) (kana あれ)

1. a village
   • 720, Nihon Shoki, Emperor Jimmu, pre-accession, c. 670 BCE:

     遂使_二邑有君・村有_レ長・各自分_レ疆用相凌躒_ー。

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• 石村 (Ipare) (possibly)

Etymology 2

No phonographic attestations exist. This reading is glossed to 村邑 in the Atsuda manuscript of the Nihon Shoki.

According to one theory, possibly borrowed from some dialect of Old Korean. Compare Goguryeo 忽 (*xol, *kol, *kolo, *koro, “fortress”).

Noun

村 (*pure) (kana ふれ)

1. a village
   • 720, Nihon Shoki, Emperor Keitai, eighth year of reign (c. 515 CE), third month in spring:

     駈_-略_レ子_-女、剥_-掠_レ村_-邑。

     [Banpa] took [items] from the children, and stole from the village.

Etymology 3

Possibly derived from Old Korean 須祇 (*suki).

Noun

村 (suki₁) (kana スキ)

1. (in ancient Korean contexts) a village
   • 720, Nihon Shoki, Empress Jingū, forty-ninth year of reign (c. 250 CE), third month in spring:

     百濟王父子及荒田別・木羅斤資等、共會_下意流村【今云_二州流須祇_一】_上、相見欣感、厚禮_二送遣之_一。

     The father-and-son kings of Baekje met both Aredawakë and Mongnakunja (Mokurakonsi) at Uiryu-sugi (Oru-suki) [now called Churyu-sugi (Turu-suki)]; [both sides were] glad to see each other, and exchanged heartfelt thanks as they were sent off.

Descendants

• Japanese: 村主 (sukuri, suguri)

See also

• 邑 (mura)

Vietnamese

Han character

村: Hán Nôm readings: thôn, thon, thun, chon, chôn, thuôn, thuốn, xóm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

• 农村 (nông thôn)
• 孤村 (cô thôn)
• 村塢 (thôn ổ)
• 村塢 (thôn ổ)
• 村民 (thôn dân)
• 村莊 (thôn trang)
• 鄉村 (hương thôn)