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壯

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 壮
壯 U+58EF, 壯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58EF
← 壮
[U+58EE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 声 →
[U+58F0]

Translingual

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Japanese 壮
Simplified 壮
Traditional 壯

Han character

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壯 (Kangxi radical 33, 士+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女一土 (VMG), four-corner 24210, composition ⿰爿士)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 243, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5643
  • Dae Jaweon: page 483, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 428, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+58EF

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (爿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
臧 *ʔsaːŋ
牂 *ʔsaːŋ
戕 *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ
贓 *ʔsaːŋ
藏 *zaːŋ, *zaːŋs
奘 *zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs
臟 *zaːŋs
將 *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs
漿 *ʔsaŋ
鱂 *ʔsaŋ
蔣 *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ
螿 *ʔsaŋ
槳 *ʔsaŋʔ
獎 *ʔsaŋʔ
醬 *ʔsaŋs
鏘 *sʰaŋ
蹡 *sʰaŋ, *ʔshaŋs
嶈 *sʰaŋ
斨 *sʰaŋ
爿 *braːn, *zaŋ
牆 *zaŋ
妝 *ʔsraŋ
莊 *ʔsraŋ
裝 *ʔsraŋ, *ʔsraŋs
壯 *ʔsraŋs
疒 *rnɯːɡ, *zraŋ
床 *zraŋ
牀 *zraŋ
狀 *zraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsraŋs) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 士.

Etymology 1

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trad. 壯
simp. 壮*

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • zhuǎng - dialectal variant for “robust; strong”, substituting for 奘. Popular in northern Mandarin, including the Beijing area.
Note:
  • chàng - vernacular;
  • chòng - literary.
Rime
Character 壯
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 莊 (18)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 側亮切
Baxter tsrjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ʃɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈ͡ʂiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ʃiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈ͡ʂɨaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ʃiaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ʃĭaŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʈ͡ʂi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhuàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zong3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 壯
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhuàng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsrjangH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]<r>aŋ-s/
English robust

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 壯
Reading # 1/1
No. 10307
Phonetic
component 		爿
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		壯
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsraŋs/

Definitions

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壯

  1. strong; robust
  2. to strengthen
  3. (colloquial or dialectal, chiefly Hakka or Wu, of a person or an animal) fat
    人怕出名豬怕壯／人怕出名猪怕壮  ―  rén pà chūmíng zhū pà zhuàng  ―  Fame portends trouble for men just as fattening does for pigs.
  4. (traditional Chinese medicine) one burn of moxa in moxibustion
Synonyms
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  • (to strengthen):
  • (fat):
Dialectal synonyms of 胖 (“fat (a.)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 胖
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 胖, 富態
Taiwan 胖
Malaysia 胖, 肥
Singapore 胖, 肥
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 胖, 富態
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 胖, 富態
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 胖, 富態
Wuhan 胖, 富態
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 胖, 富態
Hefei 胖, 富態
Cantonese Guangzhou 肥
Hong Kong 肥
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 肥
Macau 肥
Guangzhou (Panyu) 肥
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 肥
Guangzhou (Conghua) 肥
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 肥
Foshan 肥
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 肥
Foshan (Shunde) 肥
Foshan (Sanshui) 肥
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 肥
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 肥
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 肥
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 肥
Zhuhai (Doumen) 肥
Jiangmen (Baisha) 肥
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 肥
Taishan 肥
Kaiping (Chikan) 肥
Enping (Niujiang) 肥
Heshan (Yayao) 肥
Dongguan 肥
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 肥
Yangjiang 肥, 生肉
Nanning 肥
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 肥
Singapore (Guangfu) 肥
Gan Nanchang 胖
Hakka Meixian 肥
Xingning 肥
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 肥
Huiyang 肥
Huidong (Daling) 肥
Dongguan (Qingxi) 肥
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 肥
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 肥
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 肥
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 肥
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 肥
Changting 壯, 肥
Wuping 壯
Wuping (Pingyu) 肥
Liancheng 壯
Ninghua 壯
Ruijin 壯
Shicheng 壯
Shangyou (Shexi) 壯
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 肥, 大箍
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 肥, 大箍
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 肥, 大箍
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 肥, 大箍
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 肥, 大箍
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 大箍
Senai (Huiyang) 肥
Jin Taiyuan 胖, 肉, 富態
Northern Min Jian'ou 肥
Eastern Min Fuzhou 肥
Singapore (Fuqing) 發福, 食好看
Southern Min Xiamen 肥
Quanzhou 肥
Zhangzhou 肥
Taipei 大箍, 肥
New Taipei (Sanxia) 大箍
Kaohsiung 大箍, 肥
Yilan 大箍, 肥
Changhua (Lukang) 大箍, 肥
Taichung 肥, 大箍
Tainan 大箍, 肥
Hsinchu 肥
Kinmen 大箍, 肥
Penghu (Magong) 大箍, 肥
Penang (Hokkien) 肥
Singapore (Hokkien) 肥
Manila (Hokkien) 肥
Chaozhou 肥
Shantou 肥
Jieyang 肥
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 肥
Singapore (Teochew) 肥
Leizhou 肥
Wenchang 肥
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 肥
Wu Suzhou 胖, 壯
Ningbo 壯
Wenzhou 壯
Xiang Changsha 胖
Shuangfeng 胖

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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trad. 壯
simp. 壮*
alternative forms 獞 obsolete
僮 obsolete

First written as 獞 (composed of 犭 (quǎn), the “beast” radical, and 童 (tóng), “servant”). Following the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, it was written as 僮 (with 亻 (rén), the “person” radical). Due to the derogatory connotations of the previous characters, it was officially amended to 壯／壮 (zhuàng, “strong; robust”) in 1965.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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壯

  1. (～族) Zhuang, an ethnic group living primarily in Guangxi, China
    廣西壯族自治區／广西壮族自治区  ―  Guǎngxī zhuàngzú zìzhìqū  ―  Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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trad. 壯
simp. 壮*

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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壯

  1. † Alternative form of 莊／庄 (zhuāng, “serious; solemn”)
  2. a surname

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

壮

Kyūjitai

壯

Kanji

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壯

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 壮)

  1. Big, robust This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): そう (sō)←さう (sau, historical)
  • Kun: さかん (sakan, 壯ん)

Korean

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Hanja

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壯 (eum 장 (jang))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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壯: Hán Nôm readings: tráng, trắng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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