呵呵大笑

Chinese

		sound of laughter; sound of derisive or perfunctory laughter	to laugh uproariously; to burst out laughing
trad. (呵呵大笑)		呵呵	大笑
simp. ^#(呵呵大笑)		呵呵	大笑

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hēhē dàxiào

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜㄏㄜㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ho¹ ho¹ daai⁶ siu³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hēhē dàxiào
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜㄏㄜㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hehe dàsiào
  - Wade–Giles: ho¹-ho¹ ta⁴-hsiao⁴
  - Yale: hē-hē dà-syàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hehe dahshiaw
  - Palladius: хэхэ дасяо (xɛxɛ dasjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵⁵ xɤ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ho¹ ho¹ daai⁶ siu³
  - Yale: hō hō daaih siu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ho¹ ho¹ daai⁶ siu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ho¹ ho¹ dai⁶ xiu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵ taːi̯²² siːu̯³³/

Idiom

呵呵大笑

to laugh uproariously

Japanese

Kanji in this term
呵	呵	大	笑
か Hyōgai	か Hyōgai	たい Grade: 1	しょう Grade: 4
on'yomi		kan'on	on'yomi

Alternative spelling
呵々大笑

Etymology

Yojijukugo (四字熟語). Ultimately from Middle Chinese 呵呵大笑.

Also analyzable as a compound of 呵呵 (kaka, “uproariously, roaringly”, said of laughter) +‎ 大笑 (taishō, “loud laughter”).^[1]^[2]^[3]

In older texts, may be encountered with the 呉音 (goon) reading of kaka daishō.

First cited to roughly 1520 in a compilation of Chinese poetry written by Chinese poets and Japanese zen monks.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かかたいしょー [káꜜkà tàìshòò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) かかたいしょー [kàká táíshóó] (Heiban – [0])^[3]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ka̠ ta̠iɕo̞ː]

Noun

呵(か)呵(か)大(たい)笑(しょう) • (kaka taishō) ^{←かかたいせう (kakataiseu)^?}

[from circa 1520] a guffaw, a belly laugh, roaring laughter

Verb

呵(か)呵(か)大(たい)笑(しょう)する • (kaka taishō suru) ^{←かかたいせう (kakataiseu)^?}suru (stem 呵(か)呵(か)大(たい)笑(しょう)し (kaka taishō shi), past 呵(か)呵(か)大(たい)笑(しょう)した (kaka taishō shita))

[from circa 1520] to guffaw, to laugh a ringing laugh, to have a hearty laugh

Conjugation

Conjugation of "呵呵大笑する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	呵呵大笑し	かかたいしょうし	kakataishō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	呵呵大笑し	かかたいしょうし	kakataishō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	呵呵大笑する	かかたいしょうする	kakataishō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	呵呵大笑する	かかたいしょうする	kakataishō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	呵呵大笑すれ	かかたいしょうすれ	kakataishō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	呵呵大笑せよ¹ 呵呵大笑しろ²	かかたいしょうせよ¹ かかたいしょうしろ²	kakataishō seyo¹ kakataishō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	呵呵大笑される	かかたいしょうされる	kakataishō sareru
Causative	呵呵大笑させる呵呵大笑さす	かかたいしょうさせるかかたいしょうさす	kakataishō saseru kakataishō sasu
Potential	呵呵大笑できる	かかたいしょうできる	kakataishō dekiru
Volitional	呵呵大笑しよう	かかたいしょうしよう	kakataishō shiyō
Negative	呵呵大笑しない	かかたいしょうしない	kakataishō shinai
Negative continuative	呵呵大笑せず	かかたいしょうせず	kakataishō sezu
Formal	呵呵大笑します	かかたいしょうします	kakataishō shimasu
Perfective	呵呵大笑した	かかたいしょうした	kakataishō shita
Conjunctive	呵呵大笑して	かかたいしょうして	kakataishō shite
Hypothetical conditional	呵呵大笑すれば	かかたいしょうすれば	kakataishō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Classical conjugation of "呵呵大笑す" (サ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	呵呵大笑せ	かかたいしょうせ	kakataisyouse
Continuative (連用形)	呵呵大笑し	かかたいしょうし	kakataisyousi
Terminal (終止形)	呵呵大笑す	かかたいしょうす	kakataisyousu
Attributive (連体形)	呵呵大笑する	かかたいしょうする	kakataisyousuru
Realis (已然形)	呵呵大笑すれ	かかたいしょうすれ	kakataisyousure
Imperative (命令形)	呵呵大笑せよ	かかたいしょうせよ	kakataisyouseyo
Key constructions
Negative	呵呵大笑せず	かかたいしょうせず	kakataisyousezu
Contrasting conjunction	呵呵大笑すれど	かかたいしょうすれど	kakataisyousuredo
Causal conjunction	呵呵大笑すれば	かかたいしょうすれば	kakataisyousureba
Conditional conjunction	呵呵大笑せば	かかたいしょうせば	kakataisyouseba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	呵呵大笑しき	かかたいしょうしき	kakataisyousiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	呵呵大笑しけり	かかたいしょうしけり	kakataisyousikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	呵呵大笑しつ	かかたいしょうしつ	kakataisyousitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	呵呵大笑しぬ	かかたいしょうしぬ	kakataisyousinu
Perfect-continuative tense	呵呵大笑せり呵呵大笑したり	かかたいしょうせりかかたいしょうしたり	kakataisyouseri kakataisyousitari
Volitional	呵呵大笑せむ	かかたいしょうせむ	kakataisyousemu

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
呵	呵	大	笑

Noun

呵呵大笑 • (gagadaeso) (hangeul 가가대소)

hanja form^? of 가가대소 (“loud laughter”)

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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