三苗

Chinese

		three	sprout; seedling; descendant sprout; seedling; descendant; symptom of a trend; young; vaccine; Miao tribe
trad. (三苗)		三	苗
simp. #(三苗)		三	苗

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Sānmiáo

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saam¹ miu⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Sānmiáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Sanmiáo
    • Wade–Giles: San¹-miao²
    • Yale: Sān-myáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Sanmiau
    • Palladius: Саньмяо (Sanʹmjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: saam¹ miu⁴
    • Yale: sāam mìuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saam¹ miu⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: sam¹ miu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːm⁵⁵ miːu̯²¹/

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• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.rum  m(r)aw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*suːm  mrew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	三	苗
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sān	miáo
Middle Chinese	‹ sam ›	‹ mjew ›
Old Chinese	/*s.rum/ (*s.r- > s-; infl. by 四 *s-?)	/*m(r)aw/
English	three	sprout (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	三	苗
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	10963	9108
Phonetic component	三	苗
Rime group	侵	宵
Rime subdivision	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	三	苗
Old Chinese	/*suːm/	/*mrew/

Proper noun

三苗

1. Sanmiao, name of an ancient state or tribe in China

   • 流共工于幽洲，放驩兜于崇山，竄三苗于三危，殛鯀于羽山，四罪而天下咸服。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     流共工于幽洲，放欢兜于崇山，窜三苗于三危，殛鲧于羽山，四罪而天下咸服。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE

     Liú Gònggōng yú yōuzhōu, fàng Huāndōu yú Chóngshān, cuàn Sānmiáo yú Sānwēi, jí Gǔn yú Yǔshān, sìzuì ér tiānxià xián fú. [Pinyin]

     [Shun] banished the Minister of Works to You island; confined Huan-dou on mount Chong; drove (the chief of) Sanmiao (along with his people) into Sanwei Mountain, and kept them there; and held Gun a prisoner till death on mount Yu. These four criminals being thus dealt with, all under heaven acknowledged the justice (of Shun's administration).

See also

• 九黎 (Jiǔlí)
• 四凶