гриза
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Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gryzti.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]гриза́ • (grizá) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective гри́зна)
- (transitive) to gnaw (at), to nibble (at), to eat into
- (transitive, figurative) to fester, to rankle, to fret
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of гриза́ (conjugation 1.2, irregular, imperfective, transitive)
participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | indefinite | гризя́щ grizjášt |
гри́зал grízal |
гризя́л grizjál |
гри́зан grízan |
гризе́йки grizéjki | |
definite subject form | гризя́щият grizjáštijat |
гри́залият grízalijat |
— | гри́заният grízanijat | |||
definite object form | гризя́щия grizjáštija |
гри́залия grízalija |
— | гри́зания grízanija | |||
feminine | indefinite | гризя́ща grizjášta |
гри́зала grízala |
гризя́ла grizjála |
гри́зана grízana | ||
definite | гризя́щата grizjáštata |
гри́залата grízalata |
— | гри́заната grízanata | |||
neuter | indefinite | гризя́що grizjášto |
гри́зало grízalo |
гризя́ло grizjálo |
гри́зано grízano |
гри́зане grízane | |
definite | гризя́щото grizjáštoto |
гри́залото grízaloto |
— | гри́заното grízanoto |
гри́зането grízaneto | ||
plural | indefinite | гризя́щи grizjášti |
гри́зали grízali |
гризе́ли grizéli |
гри́зани grízani |
гри́зания, гри́занета grízanija, grízaneta | |
definite | гризя́щите grizjáštite |
гри́залите grízalite |
— | гри́заните grízanite |
гри́занията, гри́занетата grízanijata, grízanetata |
person | singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present | гриза́ grizá |
гризе́ш grizéš |
гризе́ grizé |
гризе́м grizém |
гризе́те grizéte |
гриза́т grizát | |
imperfect | гризя́х grizjáh |
гризе́ше grizéše |
гризе́ше grizéše |
гризя́хме grizjáhme |
гризя́хте grizjáhte |
гризя́ха grizjáha | |
aorist | гри́зах grízah |
гри́за gríza |
гри́за gríza |
гри́захме grízahme |
гри́захте grízahte |
гри́заха grízaha | |
future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and гризя́л m, гризя́ла f, гризя́ло n, or гризе́ли pl | ||||||
aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and гризя́л m, гризя́ла f, гризя́ло n, or гризе́ли pl | ||||||
aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and гризя́л m, гризя́ла f, гризя́ло n, or гризе́ли pl | ||||||
aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | ||||||
conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and гри́зал m, гри́зала f, гри́зало n, or гри́зали pl | |||||||
imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
гризи́ grizí |
гризе́те grizéte |
Derived terms
[edit]- гри́звам (grízvam) (semelfactive)
- вгриза́ pf (vgrizá), вгри́звам impf (vgrízvam, “to sink one's teeth into”)
- догриза́ pf (dogrizá), догри́звам impf (dogrízvam)
- изгриза́ pf (izgrizá), изгри́звам impf (izgrízvam)
- загриза́ pf (zagrizá), загри́звам impf (zagrízvam)
- нагриза́ pf (nagrizá), нагри́звам impf (nagrízvam)
- обгриза́ pf (obgrizá), обгри́звам impf (obgrízvam)
- отгриза́ pf (otgrizá), отгри́зна pf (otgrízna), отгри́звам impf (otgrízvam, “to bite off”)
- прегриза́ pf (pregrizá), прегри́зна pf (pregrízna), прегри́звам impf (pregrízvam, “to cut off with teeth”)
- разгриза́ pf (razgrizá), разгри́звам impf (razgrízvam)
- угриза́ pf (ugrizá), угри́звам impf (ugrízvam)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “гриза”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “гриза”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1895) “грꙑ́зѫ, -ешь; грꙑ́зохъ, грꙑ́злъ (грꙑ́звамь, да грꙑ́знѫ, грꙑ́знувамь)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 254
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гриза”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 282
- “грꙑсти”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024
Etymology 2
[edit]From secondary Proto-Slavic *gryzati, syncretized into the conjugation of Etymology 1. Obsolete гри́зе is expected from titular *gryzti.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]гри́за • (gríza)
- second-person singular aorist indicative of гриза́ (grizá)
- third-person singular aorist indicative of гриза́ (grizá)
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian verbs
- Bulgarian imperfective verbs
- Bulgarian transitive verbs
- Bulgarian terms with usage examples
- Bulgarian irregular verbs
- Bulgarian conjugation 1.2 verbs
- Bulgarian non-lemma forms
- Bulgarian verb forms