καυλός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ulós or *kawlós (“tubular bone, pipe, stalk”), possibly earlier *kéh₂wl̥, from a root *keh₂- or *kewh₂-, *keh₂w- (“hollow”) (compare κοῖλος (koîlos)); however there are unresolved phonetic problems, such as the lack of aspiration in Sanskrit. Cognates include Sanskrit कुल्या (kulyā), Latvian kauls, and Old English cāl (> English cole).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kau̯.lós/ → /kaˈβlos/ → /kaˈvlos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kau̯.lós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kawˈlos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈβlos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈvlos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈvlos/

Noun

καυλός • (kaulós) m (genitive καυλοῦ); second declension

1. stem, stalk
2. shaft

Derived terms

• καύλινος (kaúlinos)
• καυλίον (kaulíon)
• στρογγῠλόκαυλος (strongulókaulos)

 

Descendants

(From καυλίον (kaulíon)):

• →? Latin: caulis (or inherited from the same Proto-Indo-European source)
• Greek: καυλί (kavlí)

References

• “καυλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “καυλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “καυλός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• καυλός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• καυλός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • blade idem, page 81.
  • quill idem, page 667.
  • stalk idem, page 809.