JEBB, JOHN, D.D. (1805–1886), canon of Hereford, eldest son of Richard Jebb, Irish judge [see under Jebb, John, 1775–1833], and nephew of Dr. John Jebb [q. v.], bishop of Limerick, was born at Dublin in 1805. He was educated at Winchester and at Trinity College, Dublin, graduating B.A. in 1826, M.A. in 1829, and B.D. in 1862. Having held for a short time the rectory of Dunerlin in Ireland, he was appointed prebendary of Donoughmore in Limerick Cathedral, 1832, and instituted to the rectory of Peterstow, near Ross, Herefordshire, 1843. He was appointed prebendary of Preston Wynne in Hereford Cathedral in 1858, and was prælector from 1863 to 1870, when he was appointed canon residentiary. ‘A Literal Translation of the Book of Psalms,’ 2 vols., which he published in 1846, brought him some reputation as a Hebrew scholar and he was appointed one of the revisers of the Old Testament, but soon resigned the post in the belief that the plan proposed by his colleagues involved unnecessary change of the authorised version. He died at Peterstow on 8 Jan. 1886. Besides numerous sermons, pamphlets, and contributions to the church papers, Jebb's chief works are:
- ‘The Divine Economy of the Church,’ 1840, 12mo.
- ‘The Church Service of the United Church of England and Ireland, being an Enquiry into the Liturgical System of the Cathedral and Collegiate foundations of the Anglican Communion,’ 1843, 8vo.
- ‘Three Lectures on the Cathedral Service of the Church of England,’ Leeds, 1845, 16mo.
- ‘A Plea for what is left of the Cathedrals, their Deans and Chapters, their Corporate Rights and Ecclesiastical Utility,’ 1862, 8vo.
- ‘The Rights of the Irish Branch of the United Church of England and Ireland considered on Fundamental Principles, Human and Divine,’ 1868, 8vo.
[Times, 13 Jan. 1886; Athenæum, 1886, i. 104; Men of the Time, 12th edit. p. 583; Newman's Letters, ed. Mozley, ii. 216; Cotton's Fasti Eccl. Hib. i. 412–13; Annual Register; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
JEBB, Sir JOSHUA (1793–1863), surveyor-general of convict prisons, eldest son of Joshua Jebb of Walton in the county of Derby, by his wife Dorothy, daughter of General Henry Gladwin of Stubbing Court in the same county, was born at Chesterfield on 8 May 1793. After passing through the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the royal engineers on 1 July 1812. He was promoted first lieutenant on 21 July 1813, and embarked for Canada in the following October. He served with the army under the command of General de Rottenburg on the frontier of Lower Canada until the summer of 1814, when he joined the army of Lieutenant-general Sir George Prevost in the United States, and took part in the campaign of the autumn of 1814. He was present at the battle of Plattsburg, 11 Sept. 1814, and was thanked in general orders. He returned to England in 1820, after a lengthened service in Canada. He was stationed at Woolwich and afterwards at Hull until December 1827, when he embarked for the West Indies. He was promoted second captain on 26 Feb. 1828, and was invalided home in September 1829. Having recovered his health he was sent to Chatham. He was appointed adjutant of the royal sappers and miners at Chatham on 11 Feb. 1831, and promoted first captain 10 Jan. 1837.
In 1837 inquiries conducted in America by William Crawford (1788–1847) [q. v.] led to the adoption of the ‘separate system’ of prison discipline. Jebb was appointed surveyor-general of prisons, in order to provide the home office with a technical adviser on the construction of prisons. He was employed in designing county and borough prisons, and was associated with Crawford and the Rev. Whitworth Russell, inspectors, in the design and construction at Pentonville of the ‘Model Prison.’ Jebb continued to do military duty, and was quartered at Birmingham until he was seconded on 20 Sept. 1839, and his services entirely devoted to civil work.
On 10 March 1838 he had been appointed by the lord president of the council to hold inquiries on the grants of charters of incorporation to Bolton and Sheffield, and on 21 May of the same year he was made a member of the commission on the municipal boundary of Birmingham. On 23 Nov. 1841 he received a brevet majority for his past services, and on 29 June of the following year he was made a commissioner for the government of Pentonville Prison.
The evils of the system of transportation led to the adoption of a progressive system of prison treatment at home. Commencing with a period of strict separation at Pentonville, the convicts were passed to one of the prisons specially constructed with a view to their employment upon public works. For this purpose Jebb designed the prison at Portland. Similar prisons were subsequently
