Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/glasą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Traditionally derived by Pokorny from an s-extension of Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-, *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Kroonen prefers to derive the term from an s-stem of *glōaną (“to glow”), which is likely ultimately from the same root.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣlɑ.sɑ̃/

Noun

*glasą n

1. amber, glass

Inflection

The plural has the voiced Verner alternant, from an old Indo-European collective noun.

Declension of *glasą (neuter a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	*glasą	*glazō
vocative	*glasą	*glazō
accusative	*glasą	*glazō
genitive	*glasas, *glasis	*glazǫ̂
dative	*glasai	*glazamaz
instrumental	*glasō	*glazamiz

Alternative reconstructions

• *glazą

Related terms

• *glēsijaną (“to shine, glare”)
• *glēzą

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *glas, *glaʀ
  • Old English: glæs
    • Middle English: glas, glace, glasce, glass, glasse
      • English: glass (see there for further descendants)
      • Scots: gless, glass
  • Old Frisian: gles
    • Saterland Frisian: Glääs
    • West Frisian: glês
  • Old Saxon: glas
    • Middle Low German: glas
      • German Low German: Glas
      • Plautdietsch: Glauss
      • → Old Norse: *glas
        • Faroese: glas
        • Norwegian Bokmål: glass
        • Norwegian Nynorsk: glas
        • Old Swedish: glas
          • Swedish: glas
        • Old Danish: glas
          • Danish: glas
            • → Icelandic: glas
        • → Finnish: lasi (see there for further descendants)
        • ⇒ Old Norse: glaskeri
  • Old Dutch: glas
    • Middle Dutch: glas
      • Dutch: glas
        • Afrikaans: glas
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: glasi
        • Negerhollands: glas
        • → Caribbean Hindustani: gilás
        • → Caribbean Javanese: gelas
        • → Indonesian: gelas
        • → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
        • → Papiamentu: glas
        • → Sranan Tongo: grasi
          • → Kari'na: kalasi (or directly)
      • Limburgish: glaas
  • Old High German: glas, clas; clases (“amber”)
    • Middle High German: glas
      • Alemannic German: Glas, Glaas
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: glas

        Mòcheno: glos

      • Central Franconian: Jlas

        Hunsrik: Glaas

      • German: Glas
      • Luxembourgish: Glas
      • Pennsylvania German: Glaas
      • Vilamovian: głoos
      • Yiddish: גלאָז (gloz)
• Old Norse: gler (< levelled *glazą)
  • Icelandic: gler
  • Faroese: gler
  • Old Swedish: glar
  • Old Danish: gler, glar, glaar
    • Danish: glar
      • Norwegian Bokmål: glar
• →? Latin: glaesum, glēsum (alternatively, from Proto-Germanic *glēzą)