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{{Infobox civilian attack
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Maarakeh bombing
| title = Maarakeh massacre
| location = [[Maarakeh]], Southern Lebanon
| location = [[Maarakeh]], Southern Lebanon
| date = 4 March 1985
| date = 4 March 1985
| partof = the [[Iron Fist policy]]
| image = Maarakeh massacre.png
| image = Maarakeh massacre.png
| caption = Ruins of the mosque
| caption = Ruins of the mosque
| coordinates = {{coord|33|16|N|35|18|E}}
| coordinates = {{coord|33|16|N|35|18|E}}
| type = [[Bomb]]ing
| type = [[Bomb]]ing, [[mass murder]]
| fatalities = 15
| fatalities = 15
| injuries = 55
| injuries = 55
| perpetrators = [[Israel Defence Forces]]
}}
}}
The '''Maarakeh bombing''' took place on 4 March 1985, a bomb exploded in a Shiite religious center ([[Hussainiya]]) in the southern Lebanese village of [[Maarakeh]].<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite news|date=1985-03-11|title=Border attack on Israeli troops shows rising Shiite ire|work=Christian Science Monitor|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1985/0311/omeric.html|access-date=2021-04-17|issn=0882-7729}}</ref> 15 people were killed, including two leaders of the [[Amal movement]] that was fighting Israel, and 55 were injured.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":2"/>
The '''Maarakeh massacre''' took place on 4 March 1985, when [[Israel Defence Forces]] bombed a local mosque in the southern Lebanese village of [[Maarakeh]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=1985-03-11|title=Border attack on Israeli troops shows rising Shiite ire|work=Christian Science Monitor|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1985/0311/omeric.html|access-date=2021-04-17|issn=0882-7729}}</ref> 15 people were killed, including 2 members of [[Amal movement|Amal]], and 55 were injured.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Lebanon document - Letter from Lebanon|url=https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-180386/|access-date=2021-04-17|website=Question of Palestine|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=East|first=Americans for Justice in the Middle|url=https://books.google.com.lb/books?id=RjttAAAAMAAJ&q=%22maarakeh%22+%22searched%22&dq=%22maarakeh%22+%22searched%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj10rGp8YTwAhVxqnEKHTlvBdcQ6AEwAXoECAEQAg|title=A J M E News|date=1980|language=en}}</ref>


== Background ==
== Background ==
Line 22: Line 24:


== Attack ==
== Attack ==
30 hours after Israeli troops had left, a thirty-pound bomb planted on the second floor of the [[Hussainiya]] exploded, during a meeting held to discuss the distribution of the relief and food supplies.<ref name=":1" />
30 hours after Israeli troops had left, a thirty-pound bomb planted on the second floor of the [[Hussainiya]] exploded, during a meeting held to discuss the distribution of the relief and food supplies.<ref name=":1" /> Mohammed Saad and Khalil Jradi, two members of the Amal Movement, were among the 15 victims.<ref name=":1" /> Within an hour of the explosion, IDF troops raided the main hospital in Tyre, sabotaged its assets and arrested the director and 8 blood doners.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Hijazi|first=Ihsan A.|last2=Times|first2=Special To the New York|date=1985-03-05|title=BLAST IN LEBANON KILLS 15 IN MOSQUE|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/05/world/blast-in-lebanon-kills-15-in-mosque.html|access-date=2021-04-17|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Petran|first=Tabitha|url=http://archive.org/details/struggleoverleba00petr_0|title=The struggle over Lebanon|date=1987|publisher=New York : Monthly Review Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-85345-651-3}}</ref>


⚫
== Aftermath ==
15 people were killed and 55 were injured. Among the dead were militants from the [[Amal Movement]]. Mohammed Saad, a guerrilla leader, died in the UN hospital at Naqura. Militant leader Khalil Jaradi died in the mosque.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2"/>
⚫
Amal leader [[Nabih Berri]] called Saad and Jradi "martyrs" and denounced the massacre, saying: "[Israel] pretend they don't want anything from Lebanon more that their peace. This is the Israeli peace." President [[Amine Gemayel]] summoned envoys of the United States, the Soviet Union, China, France and the United Kingdom to seek their support as members of the [[United Nations Security Council|UN Security Council]] for a complaint against Israel.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Facebook|last2=Twitter|last3=options|first3=Show more sharing|last4=Facebook|last5=Twitter|last6=LinkedIn|last7=Email|last8=URLCopied!|first8=Copy Link|last9=Print|date=1985-03-05|title=South Lebanon Blast Kills 2 Shia Leaders, 10 Others|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-03-05-mn-12391-story.html|access-date=2021-04-17|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Prime Minister [[Rashid Karami]] said that Israel has "lost its nerve and panicked", and [[Hezbollah]] criticized the US and Israel.<ref name=":0" />


Israel denied its involvement. At first, IDF officials said that the explosion was caused by a car bomb, which was denied by [[United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon|UNIFL]] spokesman Timur Goksel,<ref name=":0" /> and later claimed that it was part of an "internal conflict inside Amal".<ref name=":2" />
Within an hour of the explosion, Israeli troops raided the main hospital in Tyre, searching for residents of Maarakeh and arrested eight people.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Hijazi|first=Ihsan A.|last2=Times|first2=Special To the New York|date=1985-03-05|title=BLAST IN LEBANON KILLS 15 IN MOSQUE|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/05/world/blast-in-lebanon-kills-15-in-mosque.html|access-date=2021-04-17|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Petran|first=Tabitha|url=http://archive.org/details/struggleoverleba00petr_0|title=The struggle over Lebanon|date=1987|publisher=New York : Monthly Review Press|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-85345-651-3}}</ref>

⚫
== Aftermath ==
Lebanese radio stations asserted that the explosion was from a car that was booby-trapped, however earlier reports from the village said the bomb was planted on the second floor.<ref name=":2" /> IDF officials also initially said that the explosion was caused by a car bomb, however [[United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon|UNIFL]] spokesman Timur Goksel, said this was impossible as the blast took place on the 2nd floor.<ref name=":0" />


== See also ==
⚫
The spiritual head of Lebanese Shiites, sheikh [[Mohammad Mehdi Shamseddine]] called for a holy war, a "relentless jihad", against Israelis.<ref name=":2"/> Amal leader [[Nabih Berri]] called Saad and Jradi "martyrs" and denounced the massacre, saying: "[Israel] pretend they don't want anything from Lebanon more that their peace. This is the Israeli peace." President [[Amine Gemayel]] summoned envoys of the United States, the Soviet Union, China, France and the United Kingdom to seek their support as members of the [[United Nations Security Council|UN Security Council]] for a complaint against Israel.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Facebook|last2=Twitter|last3=options|first3=Show more sharing|last4=Facebook|last5=Twitter|last6=LinkedIn|last7=Email|last8=URLCopied!|first8=Copy Link|last9=Print|date=1985-03-05|title=South Lebanon Blast Kills 2 Shia Leaders, 10 Others|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-03-05-mn-12391-story.html|access-date=2021-04-17|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Prime Minister [[Rashid Karami]] said that Israel has "lost its nerve and panicked", and [[Hezbollah]] criticized the US and Israel.<ref name=":0" />


* [[Iron Fist policy]]
Israel denied any invovled involvement, Coordinator of Israeli Affairs in Lebanon [[Uri Lubrani]] stated that "'I don't have the shadow of a doubt that what is involved here is an internal conflict inside Amal manifested in methods that are completely foreign to us."<ref name=":2" />
* [[Zrarieh massacre]]


== References ==
== References ==
Line 41: Line 42:


* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_DwJwwO0JA L113556]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_DwJwwO0JA L113556]
{{Israel massacres in Lebanon}}


[[Category:Iron Fist policy]]
[[Category:Attacks on Shiite mosques]]
[[Category:Attacks on Shiite mosques]]
[[Category:Massacres in religious buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Massacres in religious buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Massacres of the Lebanese Civil War]]
[[Category:Massacres of the Lebanese Civil War]]
[[Category:1985 in Lebanon]]
[[Category:1985 in Lebanon]]
[[Category:War crimes in Lebanon]]
[[Category:March 1985 events in Asia]]
[[Category:March 1985 events in Asia]]
[[Category:1985 crimes in Lebanon]]
[[Category:1980s murders in Lebanon]]
[[Category:1985 murders in Asia]]
[[Category:Violence against Muslims]]
[[Category:Massacres of Muslims]]
[[Category:Zionist terrorism]]

Revision as of 14:46, 22 April 2021

Maarakeh massacre
Part of the Iron Fist policy
Ruins of the mosque
LocationMaarakeh, Southern Lebanon
Coordinates33°16′N 35°18′E / 33.267°N 35.300°E / 33.267; 35.300
Date4 March 1985
Attack type
Bombing, mass murder
Deaths15
Injured55
PerpetratorsIsrael Defence Forces

The Maarakeh massacre took place on 4 March 1985, when Israel Defence Forces bombed a local mosque in the southern Lebanese village of Maarakeh.[1] 15 people were killed, including 2 members of Amal, and 55 were injured.[2][3]

Background

Israeli withdrawal plan

See also: South Lebanon conflict (1985-2000) § Israeli withdrawal to Security Zone

After it invaded Lebanon in 1982, Israel established a three-stage withdrawal plan. In February 1985, it implemented the first stage and relocated its forces south to the Litani river. On 3 March, one day before the attack, the cabinet approved the second stage.[4]

2 March raid

On 2 March, 800 Israeli soliders raided Maarakeh. They searched the village's "Hussainiya" while keeping the residents outside, and arrested 17 men.[5]

Attack

30 hours after Israeli troops had left, a thirty-pound bomb planted on the second floor of the Hussainiya exploded, during a meeting held to discuss the distribution of the relief and food supplies.[5] Mohammed Saad and Khalil Jradi, two members of the Amal Movement, were among the 15 victims.[5] Within an hour of the explosion, IDF troops raided the main hospital in Tyre, sabotaged its assets and arrested the director and 8 blood doners.[4][6][7]

Aftermath

Amal leader Nabih Berri called Saad and Jradi "martyrs" and denounced the massacre, saying: "[Israel] pretend they don't want anything from Lebanon more that their peace. This is the Israeli peace." President Amine Gemayel summoned envoys of the United States, the Soviet Union, China, France and the United Kingdom to seek their support as members of the UN Security Council for a complaint against Israel.[8][6] Prime Minister Rashid Karami said that Israel has "lost its nerve and panicked", and Hezbollah criticized the US and Israel.[4]

Israel denied its involvement. At first, IDF officials said that the explosion was caused by a car bomb, which was denied by UNIFL spokesman Timur Goksel,[4] and later claimed that it was part of an "internal conflict inside Amal".[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Border attack on Israeli troops shows rising Shiite ire". Christian Science Monitor. 1985-03-11. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  2. ^ "Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Lebanon document - Letter from Lebanon". Question of Palestine. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  3. ^ East, Americans for Justice in the Middle (1980). A J M E News.
  4. ^ a b c d Boustany, Nora (1985-03-05). "Blast Kills 12 In S. Lebanon". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  5. ^ a b c Wright, Robin (2001-12-04). Sacred Rage: The Wrath of Militant Islam. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-3342-2.
  6. ^ a b c Hijazi, Ihsan A.; Times, Special To the New York (1985-03-05). "BLAST IN LEBANON KILLS 15 IN MOSQUE". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  7. ^ Petran, Tabitha (1987). The struggle over Lebanon. Internet Archive. New York : Monthly Review Press. ISBN 978-0-85345-651-3.
  8. ^ Facebook; Twitter; options, Show more sharing; Facebook; Twitter; LinkedIn; Email; URLCopied!, Copy Link; Print (1985-03-05). "South Lebanon Blast Kills 2 Shia Leaders, 10 Others". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2021-04-17. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)

Template:Israel massacres in Lebanon

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