List of suffragists and suffragettes

This list of suffragists and suffragettes includes noted individuals active in the worldwide women's suffrage movement who have campaigned or strongly advocated for women's suffrage, the organisations which they formed or joined, and the publications which publicized – and, in some nations, continue to publicize– their goals. Suffragists and suffragettes, often members of different groups and societies, used or use differing tactics. Australians called themselves "suffragists" during the nineteenth century while the term "suffragette" was adopted in the earlier twentieth century by some British groups after it was coined as a dismissive term in a newspaper article.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] "Suffragette" in the British or Australian usage can sometimes denote a more "militant" type of campaigner,^[6] while suffragists in the United States organized such nonviolent events as the Suffrage Hikes, the Woman Suffrage Procession of 1913, the Silent Sentinels, and the Selma to Montgomery march. US and Australian activists most often preferred to be called suffragists, though both terms were occasionally used.^[7]

Africa

Egypt

Regina Khayatt (1881–?) – educator, philanthropist, feminist, suffragist, and temperance worker; co-founder of the Egyptian Feminist Union (EFU)
Saiza Nabarawi (1897–1985) – journalist and attendee of the 9th Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance
Doria Shafik (1908–1975) – feminist, poet and editor who went on an eight-day hunger strike at Egypt's press syndicate in protest of the creation of a constitutional committee without any women
Huda Sha'arawi (1879–1947) – feminist, activist, nationalist, revolutionary, co-founder of the EFU

Nigeria

Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti (1900–1978) – educator and activist who fought for women's enfranchisement and political representation^[8]
Gambo Sawaba (1933–2001) - widely regarded as the pioneer of fighting for the liberation of northern women^[9]
Tanimowo Ogunlesi - co-founder of the National Council of Women's Societies^[10]
Wuraola Esan (1909–1985) - educator and advocate for women in traditional and legislative spaces

South Africa

Annie Botha (1864–1937) – political hostess, wife of the first Prime Minister of South Africa and suffragist, co-founder of the South African Women's Federation^[11]
Zainunnisa Gool (1897–1963) – lawyer and civil rights activist, and after white women only were granted the vote in 1930, founder of the League for the Enfranchisement of Non-European Women in 1938^[12]
Anna Petronella van Heerden (1887–1975) – campaigned for women's suffrage in the 1920s and the first Afrikaner woman to qualify as a medical doctor^[13]
Mary Emma Macintosh (died 1916) – suffragist and the first President of the Women's Enfranchisement Association of the Union^[14]
Mabel Malherbe (1879–1964) – suffragist and politician, first woman mayor of Pretoria and first woman to be a member of the South African Parliament
Charlotte Maxeke (1871–1939) – religious leader, suffragist and the first black South African woman to graduate from a university, founded the Bantu Women’s League
Jessie Rose-Innes (1860–1943) – nurse, social campaigner and suffragist of British descent, elected chair of the Cape Town branch of the National Council for Women^[15]
Olive Schreiner (1855–1920) – writer, suffragist and co-founder of the Cape Women's Enfranchisement League,^[16] left the Women's Enfranchisement League (WEL) when they refused to support the vote for black African women
Jessie M. Soga (1870–1954) – singer, music teacher and suffragist
Julia Solly (1862–1953) – British-born South African feminist, temperance activist and suffragist who co-founded Cape Women's Enfranchisement League and helped acquire the vote for white women only in 1930
Daisy Solomon (1882–1978) – suffragist who campaigned in South Africa and Britain,^[17] daughter of Georgiana Solomon
Emilie Solomon (1859–1939) – suffragist and president of the Cape Woman's Christian Temperance Union, niece of Georgiana Solomon
Georgiana Solomon (1844–1933) – Scottish-born educator and suffragist, co-founder of the South African Women's Federation^[11]
Lady Barbara Steel (1857–1943) – suffragist and member of the Women's Enfranchisement Association of the Union,^[18] helped acquire the vote for white women only in 1930

Asia

China

Lin Zongsu (Chinese: 林宗素; 1878–1944) – journalist and founder of the first organization in China seeking women's enfranchisement, the Women's Suffrage Comrades Alliance (Chinese: 女子参政同志会)
Tang Qunying (Chinese: 唐群英; 1871–1937) – co-founder and chairwoman of the Women's Suffrage Alliance (Chinese: 女子参政同盟会) and founder of Women’s Rights Daily, Hunan's first newspaper for women
Wang Changguo (Chinese: 王昌國; 1880–1949) – co-founder of the Women's Suffrage Alliance (Chinese: 女子参政同盟会) and promoter of Hunan Changsha Women's National Association
Zhang Hanying (Chinese: 張漢英; 1872–1915) – co-founder of the Women's Suffrage Alliance (Chinese: 女子参政同盟会)
Zhang Mojun (Chinese: 張默君; 1884–1965) – military commander, suffragist,^[19] and the first female member of the Kuomintang Central Committee

India

Annie Besant (1847–1933) – British socialist, theosophist, women's rights activist, writer, orator, educationist, philanthropist
Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay (1903–1988) – secretary of the All-India Women's Conference (AIWC) and the first woman to run for a legislative seat in India
Margaret "Gretta" Cousins (1878–1954) – Irish-Indian suffragist, founder of the All India Women's Conference and co-founder of the Irish Women's Franchise League
Amrit Kaur (1887–1964) – political activist and politician who testified before the Lothian Committee on universal Indian franchise and constitutional reforms^[20]
Sheroo Keeka (1921–2006) – campaigned for 'Votes for Married Women' and chair of the Dodoma branch of the Tanganyika Council of Women
Sarojini Naidu (1879–1949) – political activist and poet who became the first Indian woman to be president of the Indian National Congress^[21]
Lakshmibai Rajwade (1887–1984) – medical doctor, family planning advocate and committee member and secretary of the All India Women's Conference
Hannah Sen (1894–1957) – politician and co-founder of the Indo-British Mutual Welfare League, a women's organization that established a network of British and Indian suffragists also involved in educational projects
Catherine Hilda Duleep Singh (1871–1942) – activist
Herabai Tata (1879–1941) – argued before British government commissions that suffrage should be extended in India

Indonesia

Thung Sin Nio (1902–1996) – women's rights activist, physician, economist, politician

Iran

Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi (1858/59–1921) – Iranian writer, satirist, founder of the first school for girls in the modern history of Iran and a pioneering figure in the women's movement of Iran
Annie Basil (1911–1995) – Iranian-Indian activist for Armenian women
Táhirih (1817–1852) – also known as Fatimah Baraghani, renowned poet, removed her veil in public, "first woman suffrage martyr"

Japan

Raicho Hiratsuka (1886–1971) co-founder of the New Women's Association
Fusae Ichikawa (1893–1981) – politician who founded the nation's first women's suffrage organization: the Women's Suffrage League of Japan, president of the New Japan Women's League
Shidzue Katō (1897–2001) – politician
Oku Mumeo (1895–1997) – co-founder of the New Women's Association who later served three terms in Japan's Imperial Diet
Shigeri Yamataka (1899–1977) – founder of the League for the Defense of Women's Rights and the Women's Suffrage League

Jordan

Emily Bisharat (died 2004) – first female lawyer in Jordan, fought for women's suffrage

Kuwait

Lulwah Al-Qatami (born 1933) – suffragist and educator, nominated for the Nobel prize

Philippines

Josefa Llanes Escoda (1898–1945) – civic leader, suffragist and founder of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines who was memorialized on the Philippines' 1,000-Peso banknote
Concepción Felix (1884–1967) – feminist and human rights activist
Pura Villanueva Kalaw (1886–1954) – beauty queen, feminist, journalist, and writer
Pilar Hidalgo-Lim (1893–1973) – educator and civic leader
Natividad Almeda Lopez ( 1892–1977) – suffragist and the first female lawyer in the Philippines
Josefa Jara Martinez (1894–1987) – social worker, suffragist and civic leader^[22]
Geronima Pecson (1896–1989) – suffragist, educator and social worker who became the first woman senator of the Philippines in 1947
Rosa Sevilla (1879–1954) – activist, educator, and journalist

Sri Lanka

Drummond Shiels (1881–1953) – Scottish-born politician who supported the founding of the Women’s Franchise Union of Ceylon
Mary Rutnam – Canadian-born doctor, gynaecologist, and suffragist who emigrated and became a member of the Women’s Franchise Union of Sri Lanka and a co-founder of the All-Ceylon Women's Conference^[23]
Agnes de Silva (1885–1961) – secretary of the Women's Franchise Union of Ceylon then founder of the Women's Franchise Union of Sri Lanka^[23]

Syria

Thuraya Al-Hafez (1911–2000) – suffragist and politician who campaigned against the niqab and founded women's organisations

Turkey

Latife Bekir (1901–1952) – suffragist and president of the Turkish Women's Union
Nezihe Muhiddin (1889–1958) – suffragist and founder of the Turkish Women's People Party, which demanded suffrage for women, and the Turkish Women's Union

Yishuv

Rosa Welt-Straus (1856–1938) – suffragist and feminist

Australia and Oceania

Australia

New Zealand

Europe

Albania

Shaqe Çoba (1875–1954) – suffragist and publisher of a magazine that covered women's issues
Parashqevi Qiriazi (1880–1970) – suffragist, teacher and founder of Yll' i Mengjesit, a women's association
Sevasti Qiriazi (1871–1949) – Albanian patriot, suffragist, pioneer of female education and founder of Korça Girls School
Urani Rumbo (1895–1936) – suffragist, teacher, playwright and founder of Lidhja e Gruas (Woman's Union)^[24]

Austria

Marianne Hainisch (1839–1936) – founder and leader of the Austrian women's movement, mother of first President of Austria^[24]
Ernestine von Fürth, (1877–1946) – co-founder of the New Viennese Women's Club, chairwoman of the Austrian Women's Suffrage Committee^[25]
Friederike Mekler von Traunweis Zeileis (née Mautner von Markhof, 1872–1954) – founding member of the IWSA
Rosa Welt-Straus (1856–1938) – first Austrian woman to earn a medical degree; representative to the International Woman Suffrage Alliance

Belgium

Jane Brigode (1870–1952) – politician, member of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance
Léonie de Waha (1836–1926) – Belgian feminist, philanthropist, educator and Walloon activist
Isabelle Gatti de Gamond (1839–1905) – Belgian educator, feminist, suffragist and politician
Marie Parent (1853–1934) – journal editor, temperance activist, feminist, suffragist and founder of the Parti Général des Femmes, the women’s party.
Marie Popelin (1846–1913) – lawyer and early feminist political campaigner; worked for universal adult suffrage
Louise van den Plas (1877–1968) – suffragist and founder of the first Christian feminist movement in Belgium

Bulgaria

Vela Blagoeva (1859–1921) – journalist, teacher and women's rights activist
Zheni Bozhilova-Pateva (1878–1955) – teacher, writer, and one of the most active women's rights activists of her era
Dimitrana Ivanova (1881–1960) – reform pedagogue, women's rights activist
Ekaterina Karavelova (1860–1947) – educator, translator, publicist, suffragist
Anna Karima (1871–1949) – suffragist and women's rights activist
Kina Konova (1872–1952) – publicist and suffragist
Julia Malinova (1869–1953) – women's rights activist

Croatia

Adela Milčinović (1878–1968) – Croatian feminist author, critic and suffragette

Cyprus

Polyxeni Loizia (1855–1942)^[26]
Persophone Papadopulou (1887–1948)^[26]

Czechia

Karla Máchová (1853–1920) – women's rights activist who, in 1908, was among the first three women to run for the Bohemian Diet
Františka Plamínková (1875–1942) – founded the Committee for Women's Suffrage (Czech: Výbor pro volební právo ženy) in 1905 and served as a vice president of the International Council of Women, as well as the International Woman's Suffrage Alliance
Marie Tůmová (1866–1925) –– women's suffragist who, in 1908, was among the first three women to run for the Bohemian Diet
Zdeňka Wiedermannová-Motyčkova (1868–1915) – founder of the Provincial Organization of Progressive Moravian Women

Denmark

Finland

Maikki Friberg (1861–1927) – educator, journal editor, suffragist and peace activist
Annie Furuhjelm (1859–1937) – journalist, feminist activist and politician
Alexandra Gripenberg (1857–1913) – writer, newspaper publisher, suffragist, women's rights activist
Lucina Hagman (1953–1946) – feminist, suffragist, early politician
Hilda Käkikoski (1864–1912) – women's activist, suffragist, writer, schoolteacher, early politician
Olga Oinola (1865–1949) – President of the Finnish Women Association

France

Georgia

Ekaterine Gabashvili (1861–1938)) – writer, feminist and suffragist
Babilina Khositashvili (1884–1973) – poet, labour rights activist and suffragist
Kato Mikeladze (1878–1942) – suffragist who established the Inter-Partial League of Women
Nino Tkeshelashvili (1874–1956) – feminist, suffragist, writer

Germany

Greece

Kalliroi Parren (1861–1940) – journalist and founder of the Greek women's movement
Avra Theodoropoulou (1880–1963) – music critic, pianist, suffragist, women's rights activist, nurse
Lina Tsaldari (1887–1981) – suffragist and politician, president of the Greek Federation of Women's Unions and later the first female minister in Greece^[27]

Hungary

Vilma Glücklich (1872–1927) – educator, pacifist, suffragist, feminist
Eugénia Miskolczy Meller (1872– c. 1944/5) suffragist a co-founder of the Feminist Association
Rosika Schwimmer (1877–1948) – pacifist, feminist and suffragist
Adele Zay (1848–1928) – Transylvanian teacher, feminist and suffragist

Iceland

Margret Benedictsson (1866–1956) Icelandic-Canadian suffragist and journalist
Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir (1856–1940) – founded Kvennablaðið, the first women's magazine in Iceland and, in 1907, the first suffrage organization in Iceland^[28]^[29]
Ingibjörg H. Bjarnason (1867–1941) – politician, suffragist, schoolteacher, gymnast and leader of Iceland’s Women’s Rights Association
Katrín Magnússon (1858–1932) – suffragist and promoter of women's education^[30]

Ireland

Italy

Elisa Agnini Lollini (1858–1922) – pioneering feminist, pacifist, suffragist and politician
Margherita Ancona (1881–1966) – IWSA board member and delegate to the Inter-Allied Women's Conference
Alma Dolens (1869–1948) – pacifist, suffragist and journalist, founder of several women's organizations
Anna Kuliscioff (1857–1925) – Russian-born feminist, suffragist and politician active in Italy
Linda Malnati (1855–1921) – influential women's rights activist, trade unionist, suffragist, pacifist and writer
Anna Maria Mozzoni (1837–1920) – pioneering women's rights activist and suffragist
Eugenia Rasponi (1873–1958) – suffragist, business woman, and early lesbian activist
Ada Sacchi Simonetta (1874–1944) – women's rights activist, founder and leader of women's organizations
Gabriella Rasponi Spalletti (1853–1931) – feminist, educator and philanthropist, founder of the National Council of Italian Women in 1903
Alice Schiavoni Bosio (1871–1931) – delegate to both the 1915 Women at the Hague Conference and 1919 Inter-Allied Women's Conference

Liechtenstein

Melitta Marxer (1923–2015) – one of the "Sleeping Beauties" who took the issue of women's suffrage to the Council of Europe in 1983

Luxembourg

Catherine Schleimer-Kill (1884–1973) – suffragist and founder of Action féminine^[31]
Marguerite Thomas-Clement (1886–1979) – politician who spoke in favour of women's suffrage in public debates and who became the first woman to serve in Luxembourg's parliament

Malta

Helen Buhagiar (1888–1975) – suffragist and co-founder of the Women of Malta Association
Mabel Strickland (1899–1988) – Anglo-Maltese journalist, suffragist and member of the Women of Malta Association
Josephine Burns de Bono (1908–1996) – suffragist and co-founder of the Women of Malta Association

Netherlands

Norway

Randi Blehr (1851–1928) – chairperson and co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
Anna Bugge (1862–1928) – chairman of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights, also active in Sweden
Gudrun Løchen Drewsen (1867–1946) – Norwegian-born American women's rights activist and painter, promoted women's suffrage in New York City
Betzy Kjelsberg (1866–1950) – co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (1884), the National Association for Women's Suffrage (1885)
Gina Krog (1847–1916) – co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
Ragna Nielsen (1845–1924) – chairperson of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
Thekla Resvoll (1871–1948) – head of the Norwegian Female Student's Club and on the board of the women's suffrage movement (Kvinnestemmeretsforeningen)
Anna Rogstad (1854–1938) – vice president of the Association for Women's Suffrage and Norway’s first female Member of Parliament
Hedevig Rosing (1827–1913) – co-leader of the movement in Norway; author, educator, school founder

Poland

Elżbieta Ciechanowska (1875–1948) - women's rights and labour activist, musician and poet
Maria Dulębianka (1861–1919) – artist, activist and suffragist
Władysława Habicht (1867–1963) – suffragette, social activist, and part of the housing cooperative movement.

Portugal

Carolina Beatriz Ângelo (1878–1911) – physician, suffragist and a co-founder of the League of Republican Women which campaigned for women's emancipation and suffrage, became the first woman to vote in Portugal
Adelaide Cabete (1867–1935) – suffragist and a co-founder of the League of Republican Women^[26]
Maria Clara Correia Alves (1869–1948) –co-founder of the National Council of Portuguese Women and member of the League of Republican Women
Maria Lamas (1893–1983) – writer, feminist, political prisoner
Alice Moderno (1867–1946) – writer, feminist, active campaigner for women's rights and animals rights
Ana de Castro Osório (1872–1935) – suffragist and a co-founder of the League of Republican Women^[32]
Olga Morais Sarmento (1881–1948) – writer and feminist
Maria Evelina de Sousa (1879–1946) – educator, journalist, feminist, suffragist
Maria Veleda (1871–1955) – educator, writer, suffragist and a co-founder of the League of Republican Women

Romania

Maria Baiulescu (1860–1941) – Austro-Hungarian born Romanian writer, suffragist and the first woman to earn a degree in medicine in Romania
Lotte Binder (1880–1930) – teacher and suffragist in Transylvania
Calypso Botez (1880–1933) – writer and suffragist^[24]
Ana Conta-Kernbach (1865–1921) – teacher, writer, women's rights activist, suffragist
Eugenia de Reuss Ianculescu (1866–1938) – teacher, writer, women's rights activist, suffragist
Clara Maniu (1842–1929) – feminist, suffragist
Elena Meissner (1867–1940) – suffragist and professor of law at the University of Bucharest who headed the Asociația de Emancipare Civilă și Politică a Femeii Române

Serbia

Draga Dejanović (1840–1871) – dubbed "the first Serbian suffragette"^[24]
Helen Losanitch Frothingham (1885–1972) – nurse, humanitarian, feminist, suffrage campaigner
Savka Subotić (1834–1918) – philanthropist and a leading feminist in the Serbian suffrage movement^[33]

Slovenia

Alojzija Štebi (1883 –1956) – suffragist, founder of the Feminist Alliance of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, editor of the journal Ženski pokret (Women’s movement), and writer of paper Demokratizem in ženstvo (Democracy and womanhood) which argued for women's suffrage^[24]

Spain

Concepción Arenal (1820–1893) – pioneer and founder of the feminist movement in Spain; activist, writer, journalist and lawyer
Emilia Pardo Bazán (1851–1921) – Spanish writer, journalist, university professor and support for women's rights and education
Carmen de Burgos (1867–1932) – Spanish journalist, writer, translator and women's rights activist
Clara Campoamor (1888–1972) – Spanish politician and feminist best known for her advocacy for women's rights and suffrage during the writing of the Spanish constitution of 1931
María Espinosa de los Monteros (1875–1946) – Spanish women's rights activist, suffragist and business executive
Victoria Kent (1891–1987) – Spanish lawyer, suffragist and politician

Sweden

Switzerland

United Kingdom

Wilhelmina Hay Abbott (1884–1957) – editor and feminist lecturer, officer of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance
Violet Aitken (1886–1987) – suffragette activist in the WSPU, imprisoned and force-fed, editor of The Suffragette
Margaret Aldersley (1852–1940) – suffragist, feminist and trade unionist
Mary Ann Aldham (1858–1940) – famously slashed a portrait in the Royal Academy in 1914
Janie Allan (1868–1968) – suffragette activist and significant financial supporter of the WSPU; imprisoned for suffrage activities
Doreen Allen (1879–1963) – militant suffragette
Mary Sophia Allen (1878–1964) – women's rights activist, pioneer policewoman, later involved in far-right political activity
Katharine Russell, Viscountess Amberley (1844–1874) – early advocate of birth control, president of the Bristol and West of England Women's Suffrage Society
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836–1917) – physician, feminist, first dean of a British medical school, first female mayor, and magistrate in Britain
Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873–1943) – Chief Surgeon of Women's Hospital Corps, Fellow of Royal Society of Medicine, jailed for her suffragist activities
Helen Archdale (1876–1949) – suffragette and journalist
Rhoda Anstey (1865–1936) – teacher and one of the earliest members of the Gymnastic Suffrage Society
Jane Arthur (1827–1907) – educationalist, feminist and activist; campaigned for women's suffrage
Margaret Ashton (1856–1937) – suffragist, local politician, pacifist
Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor (1879–1964) – politician, socialite, first woman to sit as a Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons
Barbara Ayrton-Gould (1886–1950) – Labour politician and co-founder of the United Suffragists; jailed for her suffrage activities
Mary Anne Baikie (1861–1950) – Scottish suffragist who established the Orcadian Women's Suffrage Society
Sarah Jane Baines (1866–1951) – feminist and social reformer; jailed at least fifteen times
Minnie Baldock (c. 1864 – 1954) – co-founded the first London branch of the WSPU^[34]
Frances Balfour (1858–1931) – president of the National Society for Women's Suffrage
Florence Balgarnie (1856–1928) – suffragette, speaker, pacifist, feminist, temperance activist
Norah Balls (1886–1980) - Suffragette, women’s right campaigner, magistrate and councillor, co-founder of the Girl Guides movement in Northumberland.
Rachel Barrett (1874–1953) – member of the WSPU; editor of The Suffragette
Janet Barrowman (1879–1955) – Scottish member of the WSPU; jailed for her suffragist activities
Dorothea Beale (1831–1906) – educational reformer, author, Principal of the Cheltenham Ladies' College
Harriette Beanland (born 1866) – British textile worker and Suffragette
Lydia Becker (1827–1890) – biologist and astronomer, founder and publisher of the Women's Suffrage Journal
Edith Marian Begbie (1866–1932) – militant suffragette who was force-fed
Elizabeth Bell (1862–1934) – first woman to practice medicine in Ulster, WPSU militant.
Mary Bell (1885–1943) – first Scottish women magistrate
Sarah Benett (1850–1924) – Treasurer of the WFL and suffragette
Ethel Bentham (1861–1931) – doctor, politician, member of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
Annie Besant (1847–1933) – socialist, theosophist, women's rights activist, writer, orator, and supporter of Irish and Indian self-rule
Rosa May Billinghurst (1875–1953) – member of the WSPU and founder of the Greenwich branch; jailed multiple times
Teresa Billington-Greig (1877–1964) – co-founder of Women's Freedom League; jailed for her suffragist activities
Catherine Hogg Blair (1872–1946) – Scottish suffragette and founder of the Scottish Women's Rural Institute, and member of the WSPU
Violet Bland (1863–1940) – member of the WSPU, force-fed in prison
Barbara Bodichon (1827–1891) – educationalist, artist, feminist, activist for women's rights
Lillie Boileau (1869–1930) – early member of the Women's Freedom League and the Union of Ethical Societies
Margaret Bondfield (1873–1953) – politician, chair of the Adult Suffrage Society, first woman Cabinet minister in the United Kingdom
Elsie Bowerman (1889–1973) – lawyer, member of the WSPU, RMS Titanic survivor
Janet Boyd (1850–1928) – militant suffragette and hunger-striker
Jane Esdon Brailsford (1876–1937) – Scottish suffragette
Agnes Brown (1866–1943) – Scottish suffragist and writer
Annie Leigh Browne (1851–1936) – co-founder of College Hall, London and of Women's Local Government Society
Constance Bryer (1870–1952) – member of the WSPU and the Church League for Women's Suffrage (CLWS)
Evaline Hilda Burkitt (1876–1955) – first suffragette to be force-fed
Frances Buss (1827–1894) – headmistress, pioneer of women's education, member of the Kensington Society
Josephine Butler (1828–1906) – feminist, author, social reformer concerned about the welfare of prostitutes
Mary Burton (1819–1909), a Scottish social and educational reformer, and supporter of the Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage
Edward Caird (1835–1908) – founder member of the Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage
Mona Caird (1854–1932) – English novelist and essayist who wrote in support of women's suffrage
Florence Canning (1863–1914) – chair of the executive committee of the Church League for Women's Suffrage
Mabel Capper (1888–1966) – activist in the WSPU; imprisoned many times, and force-fed
Isabella Carrie (1878–1981) – schoolteacher and safe house keeper for the WSPU
Dorothea Chalmers Smith (1874–1944) – doctor and suffragist
Lady Edith Helen Chaplin (1878–1959) - Marchioness of Londonderry, served on a number of women's associations
Adeline Chapman (1847–1931) - president of the New Constitutional Society for Women's Suffrage
Georgina Fanny Cheffins (1863–1932) – arrested for window smashing, held in HM Prison Holloway, force-fed
Jane Clapperton (1832–1914) – philosopher, birth control pioneer, social reformer and suffragist
Alice Clark (1874–1934), served on the executive committee of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
Mary Jane Clarke (1862–1910) – arrested for window smashing, held in HM Prison Holloway, force-fed
Anne Clough (1820–1892) – teacher and promoter of higher education for women
Lila Clunas (1876–1968) – Scottish suffragette and Labour party councillor
Jane Cobden (1851–1947) – Liberal politician who was active in many radical causes; co-founder of the Women's Franchise League
Leonora Cohen (1873–1978) – militant British suffragette and trade unionist; bodyguard for Emmeline Pankhurst
Florence Annie Conybeare (1872–1916) – campaigned in support of women's suffrage, organized a meeting of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
Selina Cooper (1864–1946) – textile mill worker, local magistrate, member of the North of England Society for Women's Suffrage
Catherine Corbett (1869–1950) – British suffragette; jailed and went on hunger strike
Annie Coultate (1856–1931) – teacher and founder of the local WSPU branch in York
Ethel Cox (born 1888) – British suffragette who smashed windows at the house of the Home Secretary
Isabel Cowe (1867–1931) – Scottish suffragist who helped organise the 400-mile Scottish Suffrage March from Edinburgh to Downing Street, London to present a petition for women's enfranchisement
Annie Walker Craig (1864–1948) – British suffragette involved in rock-throwing and arson in England and Scotland
Jessie Craigen (c. 1835 – 1899) – working-class suffragist who gave speeches all around the country
Muriel Craigie (1889–1971) - Scottish suffragist, and war volunteer organiser
Virginia Mary Crawford (1862–1948) – Catholic suffragist, journalist and author, a founder of the Catholic Women's Suffrage Society
Helen Crawfurd (1877–1954) – suffragette, rent strike organiser and communist activist
Maud Crofts (born 1889) – suffragist, author and first woman accepted as a solicitor^[35]^[36]
Richmal Crompton (1890–1969) – schoolmistress and writer
Mary Crudelius (1839–1877) – early supporter of women's suffrage and campaigner for women's education
Helen Cruickshank (1886–1975) – Scottish poet and suffragette
Emily Davies (1830–1921) – co-founder of Kensington Society and Britain's first women's college, Girton College, Cambridge
Emily Wilding Davison (1872–1913) – militant activist, key member of the WSPU, died in a protest action at a racetrack
Margaret Davidson (suffragist) (1879–1978) – suffragist, volunteer war nurse, and early leader of the Girl Guides
John McAusland Denny (1858–1922) – Scottish businessman, Conservative Party politician and founder member of the Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage
Charlotte Despard (1844–1939) – novelist, Sinn Féin activist, co-founder of the Women's Freedom League
Agnes Dollan (1887–1966) – Scottish suffragette, political activist and pacifist
Violet Mary Doudney (1889–1952) – teacher and militant suffragette
Katherine Douglas Smith (born 1878) – militant suffragette and WSPU organiser
Lillian Dove-Willcox (1875–1963) – suffragette who was a member of Emmeline Pankhurst's personal bodyguard
Flora Drummond (1878–1949) – organiser for WSPU, imprisoned nine times for her activism in Women's Suffrage movement, inspiring orator nicknamed "the General"
Bessie Drysdale (1871–1950) – member of the WSPU National Executive Committee and writer for the short lived radical feminist magazine The Freewoman (1911–1913)
Charles Vickery Drysdale (1874–1961) – one of the founding members of the Men’s League for Women’s Suffrage in 1907
Marion Wallace Dunlop (1864–1942) – artist and suffragette
Elsie Duval (1892–1919) – member of WSPU and first woman released under the Cat and Mouse Act
Louise Eates (1877–1944) - British suffragette, chair of Kensington Women's Social and Political Union and a women's education activist
Maude Edwards (fl. 1914) – suffragette who was force-fed in prison despite having a heart condition
Norah Elam (1878–1961) – prominent member of the WSPU; imprisoned three times
Elizabeth Clarke Wolstenholme Elmy (1833–1918) – public speaker and writer; formed the first British suffragist society, first paid employee of the British Women's Movement
Dorothy Evans (1888–1944) – activist and organiser, worked for WSPU in England and the north of Ireland; imprisoned several times
Kate Williams Evans (1866–1961) – suffragette
Caprina Fahey (1883–1959) – received the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) Hunger Strike Medal "for Valour" in 1914^[37]
Margaret Milne Farquharson (1884–c. 1936) – Scottish suffragette, MP candidate and leader of the National Political League campaigning for Palestine
Millicent Fawcett (1847–1929) – feminist, writer, political and union leader; president of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
Helen Fraser (1881–1979) – suffragist, speaker and artist
Elizabeth Fry (1780–1845) – prison reformer, social reformer, philanthropist
Edith Margaret Garrud (1872–1971) – first trainer of 'the Bodyguard', formed in response to the Cat and Mouse Act
Elizabeth Finlayson Gauld (c. 1863 – 1941) - suffrage campaigner based in Edinburgh
Katharine Gatty (1870–1952) – journalist, lecturer and militant suffragette for the WSPU
Mary Gawthorpe (1881–1973) – socialist, trade unionist, editor, active in the suffrage movement in both England and the United States
Ellison Scotland Gibb (1879–1970) – suffragette and chess player
Margaret Skirving Gibb (1877–1954) – suffragette and chess player
Marion Gilchrist (1864–1952) – doctor and suffragist
Helga Gill (1885–1928) – Norwegian-born British suffragist who spoke at meetings
Katie Edith Gliddon (1883–1967) – watercolour artist and militant suffragette
Frances Gordon (born c. 1874) – prominent in the militant wing of the Scottish women's suffrage movement; imprisoned and force-fed
Eva Gore-Booth (1870–1926) – member of the executive committee of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies and co-secretary of the Manchester and Salford Women's Trade Union Council
Gerald Gould (1885–1936) – writer, known as a journalist, reviewer, essayist, and poet; co-founder of United Suffragists
Mary Pollock Grant (1876–1957) – Scottish suffragette, Liberal Party politician, missionary and policewoman
Joan Lavender Bailie Guthrie (1889–1914) – British suffragette, and member of the Women's Social and Political Union
Elsa Gye (1881–1943) – Scottish suffragette, imprisoned for the cause, led WSPU branches in Nottingham and Newcastle
Joan Lavender Bailie Guthrie (Laura Grey) (1888–1914) – suffragette and actress, imprisoned for window smashing
Beatrice Forbes-Robertson Hale (1883–1967) – actress, lectured and wrote on women's rights
Edith Hacon (1875–1952) – suffragist from Dornoch, World War One nursing volunteer and international socialite
Florence Haig (1856–1952) – Scottish artist and suffragette who was decorated for imprisonments and hunger strikes.
Cicely Hale (1884–1981) – health visitor and author; worked for the WSPU and The Suffragette
Nellie Hall (1895–1929) – god-daughter of Emmeline Pankhurst, member of the WSPU; imprisoned twice
Hazel Hunkins Hallinan (1890–1982) – American women's rights activist, journalist, and suffragist who moved to Britain and was active in the movement there
Cicely Hamilton (1872–1952) – actress, writer, journalist, feminist
Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon (1857–1939) – author, philanthropist, and an advocate of woman's interests
Marion Coates Hansen (1870–1947) – early member of the WSPU, co-founder of the Women's Freedom League
Keir Hardie (1856–1915) – Scottish founder of the Labour Party, later a campaigner for women's suffrage
Emily J. Harding (1850–1940) – British artist, illustrator and suffragette
Lillian Mary Harris (1887–1964) – English militant suffragette
Mary Dormer Harris (1867–1936) – suffragist, writer and organiser of local conferences in the Midlands
Jane Ellen Harrison (1850–1928) – linguist, feminist, co-founder of modern studies in Greek mythology, supporter of women's suffrage
Kate Harvey (1862–1946) – participated in the Women's Tax Resistance League and was jailed for her refusal to pay tax if she were not allowed the right to vote
Evelina Haverfield (1867–1920) – aid worker and nurse in WWI, member of the WSPU, arrested several times
Alice Hawkins (1863–1946) – suffragette jailed five times for militant action
Annie Elizabeth Helme (1874–1963) – suffragist, JP, first female mayor of Lancaster in 1932.^[38]
Mary H. J. Henderson (1874–1938) – honorary secretary of Dundee Women's Suffrage Society, and administrator with Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service
Elizabeth Ellen (Beth) Hesmondhalgh active 1907–1914, Hunger Strike Medal recipient
Margaret Hills (1882–1967) – teacher, public speaker, feminist and socialist; organizer of the NUWSS Election Fighting Fund
Edith Mary Hinchley (1870–1940) – artist and member of the Women's Freedom League
Reverend Claude Hinscliff (1875–1964) – founder of the [Anglican] Church League for Women's Suffrage^[39]^[40]
Emily Hobhouse (1860–1926) – exposed the squalid conditions in concentration camps in South Africa during the Second Boer War; active in the People's Suffrage Federation
Olive Hockin (1881–1936) – artist and author; imprisoned after arson attacks suspected to be suffragette-related
Vera Holme (1881–1969) – actress, driver and chauffer for the Pankhursts'
Winifred Holtby (1898–1935) – feminist, socialist, and writer, including a new voters guide for women in 1929
Edith Sophia Hooper (1868–1926) – suffragist and biographer of Josephine Butler
Winifred Horrabin (1887–1971) – socialist activist, journalist, member of the WSPU
Clemence Housman (1861–1955) – author, illustrator, co-founder of the Suffrage Atelier
Laurence Housman (1865–1959) – playwright, writer, illustrator, co-founder of the Suffrage Atelier
Elizabeth How-Martyn (1875–1954) – member of the WSPU and co-founder of the Women's Freedom League
Elsie Howey (1884 –1963) – suffragette who was jailed at least six times and dressed as Joan of Arc during a WSPU demonstration in London
Ellen Hughes (1867–1927) – Welsh writer, poet, suffragist
Florence Hull (born 1878) – suffragette, member of WSPU, imprisoned in January 1913
Agnes Husband (1852–1929) – Scottish politician and suffragette
Charlotte Iliffe, Baroness Iliffe (1881–1972) – aristocrat, philanthropist and suffragist who was a member of the Coventry Women's Suffrage Society
Elsie Inglis (1864–1917) – Scottish doctor, secretary of the Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage
Margaret Irwin (1858–1940) – trade unionist, suffragist and founder member of the Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage
Christina Jamieson (1864–1942) – writer and suffragette
Maud Joachim (1869–1947) – suffragette who was one of the first suffragettes to go on hunger strike
Ellen Isabel Jones (died 1948) – suffragette and close associate of the Pankhursts
Helena Jones (1870–1946) – Welsh doctor and member of the WSPU
Mabel Jones (1865–1923) – doctor and suffragette
Violet Key Jones (1883–1958) - treasurer of the WSPU branch in York
Annie Kenney (1879–1953) – leading figure in the WSPU
Jessie Kenney (1887–1985) – leading suffragette, assaulted the British prime minister and the Home Secretary at golf course
Nell Kenney (1876–1953) – suffragette
Jessie Keppie (1868–1951) – artist and subscriber to Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage
Alice Stewart Ker (1853–1943) – doctor, health educator and suffragette
Edith Key (1872–1937) – secretary-organiser of the WSPU, Huddersfield branch, and author of the only surviving regional WSPU minute book
Mary Stewart Kilgour (1851–1955) – educationalist and writer, co-founder of the Union of Practical Suffragists
Adelaide Knight, (1871–1950) – secretary for the WSPU in Canning Town^[41]^[42]
Anne Knight (1786–1862) – social reformer, pioneer of feminism, early suffragette and pamphleteer
Annie Knight (1895–2006) – suffragette in Aberdeen Scotland
Aeta Adelaide Lamb (1886–1928) – longest serving organiser in the WSPU
George Lansbury (1859–1940) – social reformer and politician who allied himself with the WSPU
Jennie Lee (1904–1988) – Scottish politician, elected MP aged 24 in 1929 by-election before suffrage was extended to women under 30
Harriet Leisk (1853–1921) - chair of the Shetland Women's Suffrage Society
Lilian Lenton (1891–1972) – active member of the WSPU, winner of a French Red Cross for her service in WWI
Victoria Lidiard (1889–1992) – WPSU member and reputed to be the longest surviving British Suffragette^[43]
Anna Lindsay (activist) (1845–1903), Scottish women's rights activist
Thomas Martin Lindsay (1843–1914) – Scottish historian, professor and founder member of the Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage
Louisa Lumsden (1840–1935) - pioneer of female education and suffrage speaker
Kathleen Lyttelton (1856–1907) – women's activist, editor and writer
Lady Constance Lytton (1869–1923) – speaker and campaigner for prison reform, votes for women, and birth control
Florence Macfarlane (1867–1947) – nurse and militant member of the WSPU
Margaret Mackworth (1883–1958) – activist and director of more than thirty companies
Sarah Mair (1846–1941) – campaigner for women's education and suffrage
Lavinia Malcolm (1847–1920) – Scottish suffragist and local Liberal Movement politician, the first Scottish woman to be elected to a local council (1907) and the first woman Lord Provost of a Scottish burgh town, in Dollar, Clackmannanshire
Kate Manicom (1893–1937), British suffragette and trade unionist
Flora Masson (1856–1937) - nurse, suffragist, writer and editor
Edith Mansell Moullin (1859–1941) – suffragist, settlement worker, and Welsh feminist organisation founder
Kitty Marion (1871–1944) – actress and political activist
Dora Marsden (1882–1960) – anarcho-feminist, editor of literary journals, and philosopher of language
Charlotte Marsh (1842–1909) – joined the WSPU in March 1907, set up the Independent WSPU in March 1916
Selina Martin (1882–1972) – activist
Harriet Martineau (1802–1876) – social theorist and writer
Eleanor Marx (1855–1898) – activist and translator
Flora Masson (1856–1937) – nurse, editor and writer
Muriel Matters (1877–1969) – Australian-born suffragist who campaigned with the Women's Freedom League
Helen Matthews – Scottish suffragette and women's footballer
Isabella Fyvie Mayo (1843–1914) – poet, novelist, suffragist, and reformer
Mary Macarthur (1880–1921) – general secretary of the Women's Trade Union League and was involved in the formation of the National Federation of Women Workers and National Anti-Sweating League
Ann Macbeth (1875–1948) – artist and suffragist
Lilly Maxwell (1800–1876) – suffragist
Winifred Mayo (1869–1967) – actress and co-founder of the Actresses' Franchise League
Elspeth McClelland (1879–1920) – architect and suffragette, 'human letter' sent with Daisy Solomon
Janet McCallum (1881–1946) – trade unionist and suffragist
Margaret McCoubrey (1880–1955) – Belfast WSPU militant, pacifist, co-operatist.
Elizabeth McCracken (1871–1944) – feminist writer (" L.A.M. Priestley"), Belfast WSPU militant, refused wartime political truce with the government.
Agnes Syme Macdonald (1882–1966) – Scottish suffragette who served as the secretary of the Edinburgh branch of the WSPU before setting up the Edinburgh Women Citizens Association (WCA) in 1918
Louisa Macdonald (1858–1949) - educationalist and suffragist
Agnes McLaren (1837–1913) – doctor and secretary of the Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage alongside her stepmother, Priscilla Bright McLaren
Alice McLaren (1860–1945) – doctor, gynaecologist, suffragist and advocate for women's health and women's rights
Eva McLaren (1852–1921) – suffragist, writer, and political campaigner
Priscilla Bright McLaren (1815–1906) – anti-slavery activist, Scottish suffragist, founder and president of Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage
Chrystal Macmillan (1872–1937) – politician, barrister, feminist and pacifist
Frances McPhun (1880–1940) – suffragette who served two months in Holloway prison, sister of Margaret McPhun
Margaret McPhun (1876–1960) – suffragette who served two months in Holloway prison, sister of Frances McPhun
Margaret Sara Meggitt (1866–1920), British political activist and suffragette
Frances Melville (1873–1962) – suffragist, advocate for higher education for women in Scotland, and one of the first women to matriculate at the University of Edinburgh
Gertrude Metcalfe-Shaw, (born 1864), hunger striker^[44]
Lillian Metge (1871–1954) – bombed Christ Church Cathedral, Lisburn, WSPU Hunger Strike medalist.
Jessie C. Methven (1854–1917) – Scottish suffragist, suffragette, honorary secretary of Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage, joined WSPU 1906
Alice Meynell (1847–1922) – editor, writer, and poet
Harriet Taylor Mill (1807–1858) – philosopher and women's rights advocate
John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) – philosopher, political economist, and civil servant
Hannah Mitchell (1872–1956) – activist
Graham Moffat (1866–1951) – actor, director, playwright and spiritualist. Husband of Maggie Moffat and founder of the Men's League for Women's Suffrage
Maggie Moffat (1873–1943) – British actor and suffragette
Dora Montefiore (1851–1933) – activist and writer
Decima Moore (1871–1964) – actress and co-founder of the Actresses' Franchise League
Ethel Moorhead (1869–1955) – suffragette and painter
Anna Munro (1881–1962) – activist
Mary Murdoch (1864–1916) - physician and suffragist
Eunice Murray (1878–1960) – suffragist, and only Scottish woman who stood for election when UK elections were opened to women in 1918
Flora Murray (1869–1923) – medical pioneer and activist
Frances Murray (1843–1919) – a suffragist raised in Scotland, an advocate of women's education, a lecturer in Scottish music and a writer
Sylvia Murray (1875–1955) – suffragette and author, the sister of suffragette Eunice Guthrie Murray
Margaret Mylne (1806–1892) – Scottish suffragette and writer
Jessie Newbery (1864–1948) - Scottish artist and embroiderer, member of the Women's Social and Political Union
Clara Neal (1870–1936) – English teacher, suffragette and cofounder of the Swansea branch of the Women's Freedom League in 1909
Mary Neal (1860–1944) – social worker and collector of English folk dances
Alison Roberta Noble Neilans (1884–1942) – activist, member of the executive committee of the Women's Freedom League
Margaret Nevinson (1858–1932) – JP, Poor Law guardian, playwright, member of the Church League for Women's Suffrage
Jessie Newbery (1864–1948) – artist and suffragist
Elizabeth Pease Nicholl (1807–1897) – abolitionist, anti-segregationist, suffragist, chartist and anti-vivisectionist
Helen Ogston (1882–1973) – Scottish suffragette known for interrupting David Lloyd George on 5 December 1908 at a meeting in the Royal Albert Hall and subsequently holding off the stewards with a dog whip
Ada Nield Chew (1870–1945) – organiser
Florence Nightingale (1820–1910) – celebrated social reformer and statistician, and the founder of modern nursing
Emily Rosaline Orme (1835–1915) – member of the Edinburgh National Society for Women's Suffrage
Elizabeth Margaret Pace (1866–1957) – Scottish doctor, suffragist and advocate for women's health and women's rights
Adela Pankhurst (1885–1961) – political organizer, co-founder of the Communist Party of Australia and the Australia First Movement
Christabel Pankhurst (1880–1958) – co-founder and leader of the WSPU
Emmeline Pankhurst (1858–1928) – a main founder and the leader of the British Suffragette Movement
Sylvia Pankhurst (1882–1960) – campaigner and anti-fascism activist
Frances Mary "Fanny" Parker OBE (1875–1924) – New Zealand-born suffragette prominent in the militant wing of the Scottish women's suffrage movement and repeatedly imprisoned for her actions
Grace Paterson (1843–1925) – school board member, temperance activist, suffragist, and founder of the Glasgow School of Cookery
Isabella Bream Pearce (1859–1929) – Scottish socialist propagandist and suffrage campaigner
Annie Seymour Pearson (born 1878) – work based suffrage activist who ran a safe house for suffragettes evading police^[45]
Edith Pechey (1845–1908) – campaigner for women's rights, involved in a range of social causes
Pleasance Pendred (1864–1948) – suffragette
Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence (1867–1954) – member of the Suffrage Society, secretary WSPU
Leonora Philipps (1862–1915) – Liberal suffragist, president of Welsh Union of Women's Liberal Associations and co-founder of the Pioneer Club
Emily Phipps (1865–1943) – English teacher, barrister and suffragette
Caroline Phillips (1874–1956) – feminist, suffragette, journalist and honorary secretary of the Aberdeen branch of the WSPU
Catherine Pine (1864–1941) – nurse, suffragette
Ellen Pitfield (1857–1912) – suffragette who sustained injuries at Black Friday and who set a fire at the King Edward Street Post office in London
Isabella Potbury (1890–1965) – portrait painter, suffragette
Aileen Preston (1889–1974) – Emmeline Pankhurst's chauffeur and the first woman in history to qualify for the Automobile Association Certificate in Driving
Clara Rackham (1875–1966) – magistrate, prison reformer, factory inspector, long-serving alderman and city councillor in Cambridge
Jane Rae (1872–1959) – political activist, suffragette, councillor and Justice of the peace
Eleanor Rathbone (1872–1946) – campaigner for women's rights
Marion Kirkland Reid (1815–1902) – feminist and writer
Mary Reid (1880–1921) – Scottish trades unionist
Margaret Mackworth, 2nd Viscountess Rhondda (1883–1955) – WSPU member, journalist, businesswoman, founder of the feminist periodical Time and Tide
Mary Richardson (1882–1961) – Canadian suffragette, arsonist, head of the women's section of the British Union of Fascists
Edith Rigby (1872–1948) – founder of St. Peter's School, prominent activist
Margaret Robertson (1892–1967) – campaigner; organiser of the Election Fighting Fund
Elizabeth Robins (1862–1952) – Ibsen actress, playwright, public speaker, novelist
Annot Robinson (1874–1925) – née Wilkie, nicknamed Annie, pacifist and suffragette^[46]^[47]
Rona Robinson (1881–1973) – suffragette and in 1905 the first woman in the United Kingdom to gain a first-class degree in chemistry
Esther Roper (1868–1938) – social justice campaigner
Arnold Stephenson Rowntree (1872–1951) – MP, philanthropist, and suffragist
Lolita Roy (born 1865) – believed to have been an important organizer of the Women's Coronation Procession (a suffrage march in London) in 1911, and marched as part of it with either her sisters or her daughters^[48]^[49]
Agnes Royden (1876–1956) – preacher
Bertha Ryland (1882–1977) – militant suffragette who slashed a painting in Birmingham Art Gallery in 1914
Myra Sadd Brown (1872–1938) – suffragette activist in the WSPU, imprisoned and force-fed
Lavena Saltonstall (1881–1957) – suffragette, activist for the Women's Labour League and WSPU and writer of column "The Letters of a Tailoress" for the Halifax Guardian
Amy Sanderson (born c1875-6) – Scottish suffragette, imprisoned twice, executive member of WFL
Margaret Sandhurst (1828–1892) – one of the first women elected to a city council in the United Kingdom
Jessie Saxby (1842–1940) – author, folklorist and suffragette
Alice Schofield (1881–1975) – suffragette and politician who was the first woman councillor in Middlesbrough
Amelia Scott (1860–1952) – suffragette, established `the ‘Leisure Hour Club for Young Women in Business’ in Tunbridge Wells and participated in the suffrage ‘pilgrimage’ to London organised by the Kentish Federation of Women’s Suffrage Societies
Arabella Scott (1886–1980) – Scottish suffragette who endured five weeks of solitary confinement in Perth prison and force feeding twice a day
May Seaton-Tiedeman (1862–1948) – American-born campaigner in Britain for divorce law reform and suffragist
Evelyn Sharp (suffragist) (1869–1955) – journalist on The Manchester Guardian, short story writer, tax resister, founder of the United Suffragists
Genie Sheppard (1863–1953) – medical doctor and militant suffragette
Alice Maud Shipley (1869–1951) – suffragist who went on hunger strike in Holloway Prison and who was force fed
Isabel Giberne Sieveking (1857–1936) – suffragette and writer, member of the WSPU in Hastings
Frances Simson (1854–1938) – suffragist, campaigner for women's higher education and one of the first of eight women graduates from the University of Edinburgh
May Sinclair (1863–1946) – member of the Woman Writers' Suffrage League
Sophia Duleep Singh (1876–1948) – had leading roles in the Women's Tax Resistance League, and the WSPU
Margaret Skinnider (1892–1971)
Ethel Smyth (1858–1944) – composer of "The March of the Women", writer
Mary Anderson Snodgrass (1862–1945) – politician, suffragist and advocate for women's rights, member of the Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage
Ethel Snowden (1881–1951) – socialist, human rights activist, feminist politician
Jessie M. Soga (1870–1954) - Xhosa/Scottish contralto singer, music teacher and suffragist. She was described as the only black suffrage campaigner based in Scotland.
Daisy Solomon (1882–1978) – South African born, member of WSPU, sent as 'human letter' with Elspeth McClelland, daughter of Georgiana Solomon
Georgiana Solomon (1844–1933) – Scottish member of the WSPU, South African temperance activist
Mary Somerville (1780–1872) – science writer and polymath
Emma Sproson (1867–1936) – women's rights activist
Catherine Helen Spence (1825–1910) – Scottish-born Australian author, teacher, journalist, politician & leading suffragist
Emily Spender (1841–1922) – novelist and suffragette
Lady Barbara Steel (1857–1943) – Scottish suffragist and tax resister
Jessie Stephen (1893–1979) – working class suffragette and trade union activist
Flora Stevenson (1839–1905) – Scottish social reformer with interest in education for poor or neglected children
Louisa Stevenson (1835–1908) – Scottish campaigner for women's university education, effective, well-organised nursing
Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1840–1929) – scholar, author, and campaigner for women's rights
Una Harriet Ella Stratford Duval (née Dugdale) (1879–1975) – suffragette and marriage reformer
Lucy Deane Streatfeild (1865–1950) – civil servant, social worker, one of the first female factory inspectors in UK
Ann Swaine (born in or before 1821–1883) – writer and advocate for women's higher education
Annie S. Swan (1859–1943) – journalist, novelist and story writer
Helena Swanwick (1864–1939) – feminist, pacifist
Jane Taylour (1827–1905) – suffragist and women's movement campaigner
Janie Terrero (1858–1944) – militant suffragette
Dora Thewlis (1890–1976) – activist
Agnes Thomson (born 1846) – Scottish suffragette, member of Edinburgh WSPU, missionary in India
Elizabeth Thomson (born 1848) – Scottish suffragette, member of Edinburgh WSPU, hunger striker, missionary in India
Elizabeth Thompson (1846–1933) – prominent painter
Muriel Thompson (1875–1939) – World War I ambulance driver, racing driver and suffragist
Violet Tillard (1874–1922) – nurse, pacifist, supporter of conscientious objectors, relief worker
Isabella Tod (1836–1896) – Scottish suffragist, women's rights campaigner in the north of Ireland, helped women secure the municipal franchise in Belfast.
Catherine Tolson (1890–1924) – suffragette
Helen Tolson (1888–1955) – suffragette
Florence Tunks (1891–1985) – suffragette
Minnie Turner (1866–1948) – ran a guest house, the "Sea View", in Brighton
Julia Varley (1871–1952) - trade unionist
Alice Vickery (1844–1929) – doctor, the first British woman to qualify as a chemist and pharmacist and delegate to the Congress of the International Women’s Suffrage Alliance in Amsterdam in 1908
Marion Wallace Dunlop (1864–1942) – suffragette went on hunger strike after being arrested for militancy
Olive Grace Walton (1886–1937) – suffragette
Elizabeth (Bessie) Watson (1900–1992) – child suffragette and piper
Mona Chalmers Watson (1872–1936) – physician and head of the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps
Harriet Shaw Weaver (1876–1961) – political activist, magazine editor
Edith Splatt (1873?–1945) - dressmaker, journalist, councillor in Devon
Beatrice Webb (1858–1943) – sociologist, economist, socialist, labour historian, social reformer
Vera Wentworth (1890–1957) – went to Holloway for the cause and was force fed. She door stepped and then assaulted the Prime Minister twice. She wrote "Three Months in Holloway".
Rebecca West (1892–1983) – author, journalist, literary critic, travel writer
Olive Wharry (1886–1947) – artist, arsonist
Eliza Wigham (1820–1899) – suffragist and abolitionist
Jane Wigham (1801–1888) – suffragist and abolitionist
Ellen Wilkinson (1891–1947) – politician, Member of Parliament, served as Minister of Education
Gertrude Wilkinson (1851–1929) – militant suffragette and member of the Women's Social and Political Union
Laetitia Withall (1881–1963) – poet, author and militant suffragette
Celia Wray (1872–1954) – suffragette and architect
I.A.R. Wylie (1885–1959) – Australian writer, suffragette in UK, working on The Suffragette
Lucy Yates (1863–1935) – suffragist, writer
Alice Zimmern (1855–1939) – teacher, writer

North America

Bahamas

Mary Ingraham (1901–1982) – co-founder and president of the Bahamian Women's Suffrage Movement
Eugenia Lockhart (1908 – c. 1986) – secretary of the Bahamian Women’s Suffrage Movement and secretary of the Women’s Branch of the Progressive Liberal Party^[50]
Georgianna Kathleen Symonette (1902–1965) – co-founder of the Bahamian Women's Suffrage Movement^[51]
Mabel Walker (suffragist) (1902–1987) – American-Bahamian suffragist and co-founder of the Bahamian Women's Suffrage Movement

Barbados

Nellie Weekes (1896–1990) – campaigner for women's involvement in politics, who ran for office in 1942, before women were allowed to vote in the country

Bermuda

Gladys Morrell (1888–1969) – suffragette leader and secretary of the Bermuda Women's Suffrage Society

Canada

Cayman Islands

Georgette Ebanks (1927–2023) – suffragist who petitioned demanding women's suffrage in the Cayman Islands
Mary Evelyn Wood (1900–1978) – nurse and suffragist who petitioned demanding women's suffrage in the Cayman Islands; became the first woman elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Cayman Islands

Costa Rica

Ana Rosa Chacón (1889–1985) – suffragist and co-founder of Liga Feminista Costarricense (LFC)
Lidia Fernández – suffragist and co-founder of Liga Feminista Costarricense (LFC)
Esther de Mézerville (1885–1971) – Guatemalan-born suffragist who helped women get the vote in Costa Rica

Cuba

Berta Arocena de Martínez Márquez (1899–1956) – journalist, suffragist and feminist^[52]
María Collado Romero (1885– c. 1968) – journalist, vice-president of the National Suffragist Party, then founder and president of the Democratic Suffragist Party of Cuba^[52]
Hortensia Lamar (1888–1967) – suffragist and president of the Club Femenino de Cuba and the Federación Nacional de Asociaciones Femeninas^[53]
Aída Peláez de Villa Urrutia (1895–1923) – writer, journalist and suffragist who published "Necesidad del voto para la mujer" (Necessity of the vote for women) in El Sufragista magazine
Pilar Jorge de Tella (1884–1967) – suffragist who presented petitions to the Cuban legislature and constitutional conventions demanding suffrage^[54]

Dominican Republic

Minerva Bernardino (1907–1998) – Dominican suffragist and diplomat who campaigned internationally to improve women's suffrage in Latin American states and who was involved in creating and later chairing the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women (CSW)^[55]
Isabel Mayer (1885–1961) – suffragist, politician and socialite who was a member of Acción Feminista Dominicana (AFD)
Abigail Mejia (1895 –1941) – suffragist, educator and founder of Acción Feminista Dominicana (AFD)^[56]

El Salvador

Prudencia Ayala (1885–1936) – writer and suffragist who attempted to run as a candidate for the presidency of the Republic, even though the Salvadoran legislation did not recognize women's right to vote
María Álvarez de Guillén (1889–1980) – novelist and inaugural member of the Inter-American Commission of Women
Rosa Amelia Guzmán (1922–2011) – journalist, suffragist, and co-founder of the Liga Femenina Salvadoreña (LFS) (Salvadoran Feminist League) whose 1950 speech to the Constituent Assembly was instrumental in women gaining the vote; later one of the first 3 women to gain a seat in the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador

Haiti

Marie-Thérèse Colimon-Hall (1918–1997) – writer and member of the Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale (Women's Social Action League)
Alice Garoute (1874–1950) – co-founder of the Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale
Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau (1905–1970) – sociologist and co-founder of the Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale
Yvonne Sylvain (1907–1989) – first female doctor from Haiti, advocate for gender equality, and co-founder of the Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale

Honduras

Graciela Bográn (1896–2000) – educator, writer, trade unionist and women's rights activist
María Trinidad del Cid (1899–1966) – journalist, feminist and suffragist considered a foundational figure in the fight for women's rights in Honduras
Lucila Gamero de Medina (1873–1964) – novelist and suffragist
Paca Navas (1883–1971) – journalist, feminist and suffragist, exiled for her political views
Alba Alonso de Quesada (1924–2020) – lawyer, academic and politician who submitted petitions to the legislature which granted partial suffrage and granted votes to women who could read and write

Mexico

Amalia González Caballero de Castillo Ledón (1898–1986) – politician, founder of Club Internacional de Mujeres, and founder of the Ateneo Mexicano de Mujeres
Esther Chapa (1904–1970) – medical surgeon, suffragist and member of the Single Front Pro-Women's Rights group (FUPDM)
Emma Catalina Encinas Aguayo (1909–1990) – suffragist, translator and the first Mexican woman to attain a pilot's license
Hermila Galindo (1896–1954) – feminist and secretary to President Venustiano Carranza, she influenced his views on women's rights
Margarita Robles de Mendoza (1896–1954) – suffragist, journalist and founder of the Unión de Mujeres Americanas (UMA) (Union of American Women)
Elena Sánchez Valenzuela (1900–1950) – silent film actress, archivist and suffragist
Paulina Ana María Zapata Portillo (1915–2010) – politician and member of the UMA

Newfoundland

Margaret Davidson (1871–1964) – member of Women's Patriotic Association, named Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire for her work with the Red Cross Society and the Scouting and Girl Guides in New South Wales
Margaret Iris Duley (1894–1968) – considered Newfoundland's first novelist, member of Women's Patriotic Association
Julia Salter Earle (1878–1945) – suffragist, trade unionist, one of the first three women to run for St. John's Municipal Council
Armine Nutting Gosling (1861–1942) – member of Women's Patriotic Association, suffragette, founder and first Secretary of the Ladies Reading Room and Current Events Club, first female member of the Council of Higher Education in Newfoundland
Fannie Knowling McNeil (1869–1928) – suffragist, social activist, member of the Newfoundland Women's Franchise League, and co-founder of the Newfoundland Society of Art, one of the first three women to run for St. John's Municipal Council
Janet Morison Miller (1891–1946) – first woman added to the rolls of the Newfoundland Law Society
Mary Southcott (1862–1943) – nurse, hospital administrator and campaigner
Helena Squires (1879–1959) – social activist, first woman to win a seat in the Newfoundland House of Assembly

Nicaragua

Josefa Toledo de Aguerri, also called Josefa Emilia Toledo Murillo (1866–1962) – Nicaraguan feminist, writer and reform pedagogue
Juanita Molina de Fromen (1893–1934) – teacher and suffragist

Panama

Elida Campodónico (1894–1960) – teacher, women's rights advocate, attorney, first woman ambassador in Latin America
Tomasa Ester Casís (1878 – 1962) – teacher and suffragist
Clara González (1898–1990) – feminist, lawyer, judge, and activist
Gumercinda Páez (1904–1991) – teacher, women's rights activist and suffragette, and Constituent Assemblywoman of Panama

Puerto Rico

Isabel Andreu de Aguilar (1887–1948) – educator, helped establish the Puerto Rican Feminist League, was president of Puerto Rican Association of Women Suffragists, and first woman to run for Senate in PR
Rosario Bellber González (1881–1948) - educator, social worker, women's rights activist, suffragist, and philanthropist; president of the Social League of Suffragists of Puerto Rico (Spanish: La Liga Social Sufragista (LSS) de Puerto Rico)^[57]^[58]^[59]^[60]
Milagros Benet de Mewton (1868–1948) – teacher who filed a lawsuit to press for suffrage
Carlota Matienzo (1881–1926) – teacher, one of the founders of the Puerto Rican Feminine League and the Suffragist Social League
Felisa Rincón de Gautier (1897–1994) – mayor of San Juan, first woman to hold post of mayor of a capitol city in the Americas

Trinidad

Beatrice Greig (born 1869) – suffragist, writer and advocate

United States

United States Virgin Islands

Bertha C. Boschulte (1906–2004) – Secretary of the St. Thomas Teacher's Association, which sued for women's suffrage in the territory in 1935
Edith L. Williams (1887–1987) – first woman to attempt to register to vote in the US Virgin Islands

South America

Argentina

Cecilia Grierson (1859–1934) – the first woman physician in Argentina; supporter of women's emancipation, including suffrage
Julieta Lanteri (1873–1932) – physician, freethinker, and activist; the first woman to vote in Argentina
Alicia Moreau de Justo (1885–1986) – physician, politician, pacifist and human rights activist
Eva Perón (1919–1952) – First Lady of Argentina, created the first large female political party in the nation
Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane (1867–1954) – physician, activist for women's and children's rights; co-founder of the Association Pro-Derechos de la Mujer

Belize

Gwendolyn Lizarraga (1901–1975) – politician who, when only landowners were eligible as voters, supported women to obtain land grants from the Lands Department
Elfreda Reyes (1901–1992) – labor organizer, suffragette and member of the Women’s League

Brazil

Leolinda de Figueiredo Daltro (1859–1935) – teacher and indigenous' rights activist; co-founder of the Feminine Republican Party
Celina Guimarães Viana (1890–1972) – Brazilian professor and suffragist; first woman to vote in Brazil
Ivone Guimarães (1908–1999) – Brazilian professor and activist for women's suffrage
Jerônima Mesquita (1880–1972) – co-founder of the Federação Brasileira pelo Progresso Feminino
Carlota Pereira de Queirós (1892–1982) – the first woman to vote and be elected to the Brazilian parliament
Marie Rennotte (1852–1942) – Native Belgian, naturalized Brazilian teacher and lawyer who founded the Aliança Paulista pelo Sufrágio Feminino with Carrie Chapman Catt's help
Miêtta Santiago (1903–1995) – Brazilian writer, poet, and lawyer; challenged the constitutionality of the ban on women voting in Brazil
Maria Werneck de Castro (1909–1993) – lawyer, militant communist, feminist, and supporter of women's suffrage

Chile

Celinda Arregui (1864–1941) – feminist politician, writer, teacher, suffrage activist
María de la Cruz (1912–1995) – political activist, journalist, writer, political commentator, first woman elected to the Chilean senate
Henrietta Müller (1846–1906) – Chilean-British women's rights activist and theosophist
Marta Vergara (1898–1995) – co-founder of MEMch; Inter-American Commission of Women delegate

Colombia

Ofelia Uribe de Acosta (1900–1988) – suffragist who published the book Una voz insurgente (An Insurgent Voice)
Esmeralda Arboleda Cadavid (1921–1997) – suffragist, politician and the first woman elected to the Senate of Colombia
Lucila Rubio de Laverde (1908–1970) – co-founder of the suffrage organizations, Unión Femenina de Colombia (Women's Union of Colombia) (UFC) and the Alianza Femenina de Colombia (Women's Alliance of Colombia)
María Currea Manrique (1890–1985) – co-founder of the suffrage organizations, Unión Femenina de Colombia (Women's Union of Colombia) (UFC) and the Alianza Femenina de Colombia (Women's Alliance of Colombia)

Ecuador

Hipatia Cárdenas de Bustamante (1889–1972) – writer, suffragist and the first female presidential candidate in Ecuador
Matilde Hidalgo (1889–1974) – physician, poet, and activist who was the first woman in Latin America to exercise her constitutional right to vote in a national election
Zoila Ugarte de Landívar (1864–1969) – writer, journalist, librarian and suffragist
María Piedad Castillo de Levi (1888–1962) – poet, journalist, suffragist and a participant in a demonstration on the streets of Guayaquil in 1924

Peru

Aurora Cáceres (1877–1958) – writer and suffragist

Uruguay

Paulina Luisi Janicki (1875–1949) – leader of the feminist movement in Uruguay, first Uruguayan woman to earn a medical degree in Uruguay (1909)

Venezuela

Argelia Laya (1926–1997) – educator and suffragist
Carmen Clemente Travieso (1900–1983) – journalist and women's rights activist

References

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^ Wright, Clare Alice (2018). You daughters of freedom : the Australians who won the vote and inspired the world. Melbourne, Vic. ISBN 978-1-925603-93-4. OCLC 1037809229.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Kratz, Jessie (14 May 2019). "What is Suffrage?". Pieces of History. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
^ "Everything You Need to Know About the Word 'Suffragette'". Time. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
^ "How the Term 'Suffragette' Evolved from Its Sexist Roots". Harper's BAZAAR. 18 August 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
^ "Suffragist/Suffragette - What's the difference?". Government of South Australia - Office for Women. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
^ "Did You Know? Suffragist vs Suffragette". U.S. National Park Service. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
^ Johnson-Odim, Cheryl; Mba, Nina Emma (1997). For Women and the Nation: Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti of Nigeria. University of Illinois Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-252-06613-9.
^ "A Brief History Of Hajiya Gambo Sawaba -The Fearless Politician Who Fought For The Freedom Of Northern Women In Spite Of Several Imprisonments – Woman.NG". 3 November 2017. Archived from the original on 3 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ "BiafraNigeriaWorld: Platform Shorten Link Terpercaya di Indonesia". BiafraNigeriaWorld: Platform Shorten Link Terpercaya di Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 27 July 2024.
^ ^a ^b Fernandes, Monica G. (30 November 2015). "The transnational factor: The beginnings of South Africa's women's movement". New Contree. 73: 18. doi:10.4102/nc.v73i0.172. ISSN 2959-510X.
^ "Sisters In Arms: Race, Empire and Women's Suffrage". History Today. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ Women Marching Into the 21st Century: Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo. HSRC Press. 2000. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-7969-1966-3.
^ Woman's Leader and the Common Cause. National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies. 1912.
^ "A Comprehensive History of Women's Suffrage in South Africa - WeChronicle". wechronicle.com. 16 June 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ "An Olive Schreiner Chronology". Victorian Web. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ Crawford, Elizabeth (2 September 2003). The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-43402-1.
^ "The women's suffrage movement: The politics of gender race and class by Cheryl Walker | South African History Online". www.sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ Gender, Politics, and Democracy: Women's Suffrage in China. Stanford University Press. 2008. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-8047-6839-9.
^ "Amrit Kaur: The princess turned Gandhian who fought Nehru on women's political participation". The Indian Express. 24 January 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ PADMINI SENGUPTA. SAROJINI NAIDU - BIOGRAPHY - ENGLISH.
^ Lundström-Burghoorn, Wil (2008). Gender Politics in Asia: Women Manoeuvring Within Dominant Gender Orders. NIAS Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-87-7694-015-7.
^ ^a ^b de Alwis, Malathi; Kodikara, Chulani (2019), Franceschet, Susan; Krook, Mona Lena; Tan, Netina (eds.), "Sri Lanka: Struggle for Franchise", The Palgrave Handbook of Women’s Political Rights, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 349–362, doi:10.1057/978-1-137-59074-9_24, ISBN 978-1-137-59074-9, retrieved 23 November 2024
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Haan, Francisca de; Daskalova, Krasimira; Loutfi, Anna (1 January 2006). Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: 19th and 20th Centuries. Central European University Press. ISBN 978-963-7326-39-4.
^ Malleier, Elisabeth (26 March 2007). "»Making the world a better place. « Welfare and politics, welfare as politics? Activities of Jewish women in Vienna before 1938". Aschkenas. 16 (1): 261–268. doi:10.1515/ASCH.2006.261. ISSN 1865-9438.
^ ^a ^b ^c Rodriguez Ruiz, Blanca; Rubio-Marín, Ruth (7 June 2012). The Struggle for Female Suffrage in Europe: Voting to Become Citizens. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-22991-4.
^ Cook, Bernard A. (19 May 2006). Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present [2 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 254. ISBN 978-1-85109-775-3.
^ Chambers, Jewells (11 November 2021). "5 Trailblazing Women in Iceland's History". All Things Iceland. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
^ "Margret Benedictsson". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ "Katrín Skúladóttir Magnússon". Konur og stjórnmál. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ "Vorreiterinnen: Catherine Schleimer-Kill (1884-1973)". CID Fraen an Gender. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ Silveira, Anabela Ferreira (2017). "O protagonismo de Beatriz Pinheiro Na revista viseense ave azul (1899-1900)". Historiæ (in Portuguese). 8 (2): 77–95. ISSN 2238-5541.
^ Petrović, Jelena (1 October 2018). Women's Authorship in Interwar Yugoslavia: The Politics of Love and Struggle. Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-00142-1.
^ Jackson, Sarah (12 October 2015). "The suffragettes weren't just white, middle-class women throwing stones". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
^ "UK | 75 years of women solicitors". BBC News. 19 December 1997. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
^ "Maud Crofts: "We women want not privileges but equality." – First 100 Years". first100years.org.uk. 5 July 2016.
^ Briscoe, Kim (2 November 2017). "Call for public's help to piece together life of Norfolk suffragette Caprina Fahey". Eastern Daily Press. Archived from the original on 3 October 2019. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
^ "Former Mayors of the City of Lancaster". Lancaster City Council. Retrieved 11 March 2020.
^ Krista Cowman (9 December 2010). Women in British Politics, c.1689–1979. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 63–. ISBN 978-1-137-26801-3.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ Graham Neville (1998). Radical Churchman: Edward Lee Hicks and the New Liberalism. Clarendon Press. pp. 165–. ISBN 978-0-19-826977-9.
^ Adelaide Knight, leader of the first east London suffragettes – East End Women's Museum
^ Diane Atkinson (8 February 2018). Rise Up Women!: The Remarkable Lives of the Suffragettes. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 578–. ISBN 978-1-4088-4406-9.
^ Hoffman, Bella (19 October 1992). "Obituary: Victoria Lidiard". The Independent.
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^ "MRS Annie Seymour Pearson / Database - Women's Suffrage Resources".
^ Robinson [née Wilkie], Annot Erskine [Annie] (2004). "Robinson [née Wilkie], Annot Erskine [Annie] (1874–1925) – suffragist and pacifist". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/48529. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 26 February 2018. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ "Wilkie, Annot (Robinson) – Socialist, Suffragette Wilkie, Helen – Socialist, Suffragette | Dundee Women's Trail". Dundeewomenstrail.org.uk. 18 January 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
^ "Photograph of Indian suffragettes on the Women's Coronation Procession, 17 June 1911 at Museum of London". Museumoflondonprints.com. 17 June 1911. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
^ Izzy Lyons (26 February 2018). "Lolita Roy – the woman who simultaneously fought for British and Indian female suffrage". The Telegraph. The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
^ "Women's Suffrage Commemorative Stamps | Bahamas News". 28 February 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ Sampson, Vanessa. "UB LibGuides: Women's Suffrage: Suffrage Women". cob-bs.libguides.com. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ ^a ^b Stoner, K. Lynn (30 April 1991). From the House to the Streets: The Cuban Woman's Movement for Legal Reform, 1898-1940. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-1149-2.
^ "Equal RIghts for Cubans; Women of Island Will be Called to Campaign to Benefit Themselves". Newspapers.com. 5 January 1923. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
^ Stoner, K. Lynn; Pérez, Luís Hipólito Serrano (2000). Cuban and Cuban-American Women: An Annotated Bibliography. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8420-2643-7.
^ Dubois, Ellen (1 November 2000). "Woman Suffrage: The View from the Pacific". Pacific Historical Review. 69 (4): 539–551. doi:10.2307/3641223. ISSN 0030-8684. JSTOR 3641223.
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^ Lassalle, Beatriz (September 1949). "Biografía de Rosario Bellber González Por la Profesora Beatriz Lassalle". Revista, Volume 8, Issue 5 (in Spanish). La Asociación de Maestros de Puerto Rico. pp. 149, 158.
^ Asenjo, Conrado, ed. (1942). "Quién es Quién en Puerto Rico". Diccionario Biográfico De Record Personal (in Spanish) (Third edition 1941-42 ed.). San Juan, Puerto Rico: Cantero Fernández & Co. p. 33.
^ "Rosario Bellber González: maestra, sufragista y espiritista kardeciana Sandra A. Enríquez Seiders" (in Spanish). Revista Cruce. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
^ Krüger Torres, Lola (1975). Enciclopedia Grandes Mujeres de Puerto Rico, Vol. IV (in Spanish). Hato Rey, Puerto Rico: Ramallo Bros. Printing, Inc. pp. 273–274.

Sources

de Haan, Francisca; Daskalova, Krasimira; Loutfi, Anna, eds. (2006). Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: 19th and 20th Centuries. Budapest, Hungary: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-963-7326-39-4.

[1] The University of Melbourne. "Suffragists - Theme - The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia". www.womenaustralia.info. Retrieved 29 March 2023.

[2] Wright, Clare Alice (2018). You daughters of freedom : the Australians who won the vote and inspired the world. Melbourne, Vic. ISBN 978-1-925603-93-4. OCLC 1037809229.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[3] Kratz, Jessie (14 May 2019). "What is Suffrage?". Pieces of History. Retrieved 29 March 2023.

[4] "Everything You Need to Know About the Word 'Suffragette'". Time. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2023.

[5] "How the Term 'Suffragette' Evolved from Its Sexist Roots". Harper's BAZAAR. 18 August 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2023.

[6] "Suffragist/Suffragette - What's the difference?". Government of South Australia - Office for Women. Retrieved 20 March 2023.

[7] "Did You Know? Suffragist vs Suffragette". U.S. National Park Service. Retrieved 20 March 2023.

[8] Johnson-Odim, Cheryl; Mba, Nina Emma (1997). For Women and the Nation: Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti of Nigeria. University of Illinois Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-252-06613-9.

[9] "A Brief History Of Hajiya Gambo Sawaba -The Fearless Politician Who Fought For The Freedom Of Northern Women In Spite Of Several Imprisonments – Woman.NG". 3 November 2017. Archived from the original on 3 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[10] "BiafraNigeriaWorld: Platform Shorten Link Terpercaya di Indonesia". BiafraNigeriaWorld: Platform Shorten Link Terpercaya di Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 27 July 2024.

[:1-11] Fernandes, Monica G. (30 November 2015). "The transnational factor: The beginnings of South Africa's women's movement". New Contree. 73: 18. doi:10.4102/nc.v73i0.172. ISSN 2959-510X.

[12] "Sisters In Arms: Race, Empire and Women's Suffrage". History Today. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[13] Women Marching Into the 21st Century: Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo. HSRC Press. 2000. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-7969-1966-3.

[14] Woman's Leader and the Common Cause. National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies. 1912.

[15] "A Comprehensive History of Women's Suffrage in South Africa - WeChronicle". wechronicle.com. 16 June 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[16] "An Olive Schreiner Chronology". Victorian Web. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[17] Crawford, Elizabeth (2 September 2003). The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-43402-1.

[18] "The women's suffrage movement: The politics of gender race and class by Cheryl Walker | South African History Online". www.sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[19] Gender, Politics, and Democracy: Women's Suffrage in China. Stanford University Press. 2008. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-8047-6839-9.

[20] "Amrit Kaur: The princess turned Gandhian who fought Nehru on women's political participation". The Indian Express. 24 January 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[21] PADMINI SENGUPTA. SAROJINI NAIDU - BIOGRAPHY - ENGLISH.

[22] Lundström-Burghoorn, Wil (2008). Gender Politics in Asia: Women Manoeuvring Within Dominant Gender Orders. NIAS Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-87-7694-015-7.

[:0-23] Alwis, Malathi; Kodikara, Chulani (2019), Franceschet, Susan; Krook, Mona Lena; Tan, Netina (eds.), "Sri Lanka: Struggle for Franchise", The Palgrave Handbook of Women’s Political Rights, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 349–362, doi:10.1057/978-1-137-59074-9_24, ISBN 978-1-137-59074-9, retrieved 23 November 2024

[:2-24] Haan, Francisca de; Daskalova, Krasimira; Loutfi, Anna (1 January 2006). Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: 19th and 20th Centuries. Central European University Press. ISBN 978-963-7326-39-4.

[25] Malleier, Elisabeth (26 March 2007). "»Making the world a better place. « Welfare and politics, welfare as politics? Activities of Jewish women in Vienna before 1938". Aschkenas. 16 (1): 261–268. doi:10.1515/ASCH.2006.261. ISSN 1865-9438.

[:3-26] Rodriguez Ruiz, Blanca; Rubio-Marín, Ruth (7 June 2012). The Struggle for Female Suffrage in Europe: Voting to Become Citizens. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-22991-4.

[27] Cook, Bernard A. (19 May 2006). Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present [2 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 254. ISBN 978-1-85109-775-3.

[28] Chambers, Jewells (11 November 2021). "5 Trailblazing Women in Iceland's History". All Things Iceland. Retrieved 23 November 2024.

[29] "Margret Benedictsson". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[30] "Katrín Skúladóttir Magnússon". Konur og stjórnmál. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[31] "Vorreiterinnen: Catherine Schleimer-Kill (1884-1973)". CID Fraen an Gender. Retrieved 24 November 2024.

[32] Silveira, Anabela Ferreira (2017). "O protagonismo de Beatriz Pinheiro Na revista viseense ave azul (1899-1900)". Historiæ (in Portuguese). 8 (2): 77–95. ISSN 2238-5541.

[33] Petrović, Jelena (1 October 2018). Women's Authorship in Interwar Yugoslavia: The Politics of Love and Struggle. Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-00142-1.

[34] Jackson, Sarah (12 October 2015). "The suffragettes weren't just white, middle-class women throwing stones". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 February 2018.

[bbc-35] "UK | 75 years of women solicitors". BBC News. 19 December 1997. Retrieved 28 February 2018.

[first100years.org.uk-36] "Maud Crofts: "We women want not privileges but equality." – First 100 Years". first100years.org.uk. 5 July 2016.

[Fahey-37] Briscoe, Kim (2 November 2017). "Call for public's help to piece together life of Norfolk suffragette Caprina Fahey". Eastern Daily Press. Archived from the original on 3 October 2019. Retrieved 9 July 2020.

[38] "Former Mayors of the City of Lancaster". Lancaster City Council. Retrieved 11 March 2020.

[Cowman2010-39] Krista Cowman (9 December 2010). Women in British Politics, c.1689–1979. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 63–. ISBN 978-1-137-26801-3.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[Neville1998-40] Graham Neville (1998). Radical Churchman: Edward Lee Hicks and the New Liberalism. Clarendon Press. pp. 165–. ISBN 978-0-19-826977-9.

[autogenerated1-41] Adelaide Knight, leader of the first east London suffragettes – East End Women's Museum

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