Corythornis

Corythornis
	Malachite kingfisher (Corythornis cristatus)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Coraciiformes
Family:	Alcedinidae
Subfamily:	Alcedininae
Genus:	Corythornis; Kaup, 1848
Type species
	Alcedo nais; Kaup, 1848
Species
	see text

Phylogeny

Corythornis

Cladogram based on Andersen et al. (2017)^[1]

Corythornis is a genus of small African river kingfishers.

A molecular phylogenetic study of the alcedinine kingfishers published in 2007 found that the genera as then defined did not form monophyletic groups. The species were subsequently rearranged into four genera, with four species in the resurrected genus Corythornis.^[2] The genus had been introduced by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1848.^[3] The type species is the Príncipe kingfisher (Alcedo cristatus nais).^[4] Corythornis is the sister group to the genus Ispidina containing two small African kingfishers.^[1]

Species

The genus contains the following four species:^[5]

Genus **Corythornis** – Kaup, 1848 – four species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Madagascar pygmy kingfisher	Corythornis madagascariensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Two subspecies C. m. madagascariensis - (Linnaeus, 1766) C. m. dilutus - (Benson, 1974)	Madagascar	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
White-bellied kingfisher	Corythornis leucogaster (Fraser, 1843) Three subspecies C. l. bowdleri (Neumann, 1908) C. l. leucogaster (Fraser, 1843) C. l. leopoldi (Dubois, AJC, 1905)	Guinea to Mali and Ghana, Nigeria to north west Angola, Bioko Island, east Congo to south Uganda and northwest Zambia	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Malachite kingfisher	Corythornis cristatus (Pallas, 1764) Five subspecies C. c. galeritus (Statius Müller, PL, 1776) C. c. nais (Kaup, 1848) C. c. thomensis Salvadori, 1902 C. c. cristatus (Pallas, 1764) C. c. stuartkeithi Dickerman, 1989	Sub-Saharan Africa except for the very arid parts of Somalia, Kenya, Namibia and Botswana.	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Malagasy kingfisher	Corythornis vintsioides (Eydoux & Gervais, 1836) Two subspecies C. v. johannae Meinertzhagen, R., 1924 C. v. vintsioides (Eydoux & Gervais, 1836) – Madagascar	Madagascar, Mayotte and the Comoros.	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

^ ^a ^b Andersen, M.J.; McCullough, J.M.; Mauck III, W.M.; Smith, B.T.; Moyle, R.G. (2017). "A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands". Journal of Biogeography. 45 (2): 1–13. doi:10.1111/jbi.13139.
^ Moyle, R.G.; Fuchs, J.; Pasquet, E.; Marks, B.D. (2007). "Feeding behavior, toe count, and the phylogenetic relationships among alcedinine kingfishers (Alcedininae)". Journal of Avian Biology. 38 (3): 317–326. doi:10.1111/J.2007.0908-8857.03921.x.
^ Kaup, Johann Jakob (1848). "Die Familie der Eisvögel (Alcedidae)". Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins für das Großherzogthum Hessen und Umgebung (in German). 2: 71–72. OCLC 183221382.
^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 175.
^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2016). "Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers". World Bird List Version 6.3. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 25 September 2016.