April 1956
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April 1956 was the fourth month of that leap year. The month which began on a Sunday and ended after 30 days on a Monday
The following events occurred in April 1956:
- Trans World Airlines Flight 400, a Martin 4-0-4, crashes on takeoff from Greater Pittsburgh International Airport in Pennsylvania, United States; 22 of the 36 people on board are killed, including one crew member.[1]
- The first episode of long-running US TV soap As the World Turns is broadcast on the CBS television network.[2]
- Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2 is ditched in Puget Sound shortly after takeoff from Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, United States. All 38 people aboard manage to leave the plane, but four passengers and one crew member cannot be saved by rescuers.[3]
- Born: Phillip Journey, American jurist, politician and member of the Kansas Senate from 2003 until 2008.[4]
- April 1956 tornado outbreak: At the end of an outbreak that produced 47 tornadoes, including an F5 tornado that devastated the Hudsonville and Standale, Michigan, areas of the United States, 18 people are left dead and 340 injured, and the historic lighthouse at Saugatuck destroyed.[5]
- Senator Strom Thurmond resigns, keeping a campaign pledge he had made in the United States Senate election in South Carolina, 1954. Thurmond would be unopposed in his bid to complete the remaining four years of the term, thus avoiding a primary election.[6]
- A 120 mm mortar attack on Gaza City by the Israel Defense Forces kills 58 civilians, including 10 children,[7] as a retribution for killing of three Israeli soldiers by Egyptian forces on the previous day. (→ Death and eulogy of Roi Rotberg).
- Elvis Presley signs a three-picture contract with Paramount Pictures.
- Born: Dilip Vengsarkar, Indian cricketer, in Rajapur Maharashtra
- Following the country's independence from France, Spain discontinues the Spanish protectorate in Morocco, ceding its territory to the newly established kingdom.
- The Seyhan Dam and hydroelectric plant is opened in Turkey.[8]
- The National Constituent Assembly of the newly independent Kingdom of Tunisia holds its opening session. Habib Bourguiba is elected President of the National Constituent Assembly.[9]
- In the Ribbon Creek incident, six members of U.S. Marine Platoon 71 drown during a night march at Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island.[10]
- Swedish ore carrier MV Akka sinks in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland, with the loss of six of her 33 crew.[11]
- The Norwegian Humanist Association is founded.[12]
- A Nat King Cole concert in Birmingham, Alabama, United States, is interrupted by three Ku Klux Klan members, who push Cole from his piano stool; all are later tried and convicted, but Cole would never again perform in his home state.[13]
- The 1956 World Table Tennis Championships comes to an end in Tokyo, Japan. The host country finishes with four of the seven available gold medals, Romania with two, and the United States with one.[14]
- Born:
- Andy García, Cuban actor, in Havana, under the name Andrés Arturo García Menéndez
- Yasuo Tanaka, Japanese novelist and politician, in Tokyo
- Died: Samuel J. Seymour, last surviving witness of the Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
- Vietnamese rebel leader Ba Cụt is arrested by a South Vietnam government patrol, following the defeat of his forces.[15]
- Born: David W. Brown, entrepreneur, AOL founder, created AIM
- Ampex demonstrates videotape the VR-1000, the first of its line of 2 inch Quadruplex videotape recorders at the 1956 NARTB (now NAB) convention in Chicago, United States.[16] Later the same year, the first television network programme to use the new Ampex Quadruplex recording system will be shown on CBS.
- Born: Barbara Bonney, US soprano, in Montclair, New Jersey
- 1956 McDonald Chapel tornado: A tornado strikes the Greater Birmingham area of Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. Twenty-five people are killed and 400 homes damaged.[17]
- The 65th Argentine Primera División football season begins.[18]
- The 1956 Syracuse Grand Prix is held in Sicily, and is won by Juan Manuel Fangio.[19]
- Died: Kathleen Howard, 71, Canadian singer and actress
- Born: David M. Brown, US astronaut, in Arlington County, Virginia (died 2003 on the Space Shuttle Columbia)
- Dutch cargo ship MV Altair strikes a rock off Borborema, Brazil, and sinks. All crew members are rescued.[20]
- The UK Chancellor of the Exchequer, Harold Macmillan, announces the launch of Premium Bonds in the United Kingdom.[21][22][23]
- The 4.9 km2 Chew Valley Lake in Somerset, UK, a new reservoir built by Bristol Water, is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
- Luis Aparicio replaces fellow Venezuelan baseball player Chico Carrasquel as the Chicago White Sox regular shortstop.
- American actress Grace Kelly marries Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, in a civil ceremony at the Prince's Palace of Monaco.[24]
- Maria Desylla-Kapodistria becomes Greece's first elected female mayor, when she is elected in Corfu.[25]
- British MI6 diver Lionel "Buster" Crabb is sent into Portsmouth harbour to investigate the visiting Soviet cruiser Ordzhonikidze. After diving in, he is never seen again. The UK government declines to give any further information.[26]
- Born:Sue Barker, tennis player and television presenter in Paignton, Devon, England.
- Died: Ernst Robert Curtius, 70, German philologist
- Born: Beatrice Ask, Swedish politician, in Sveg
- Margaret Truman, daughter and later biographer of former US President Harry S. Truman, marries journalist Clifton Daniel at Trinity Episcopal Church in Independence, Missouri.
- Typhoon Thelma hits the Philippine Islands.
- Died: Charles MacArthur, 60, US playwright and screenwriter
- The 1956 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship begins with the quarter-finals of the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship.[27]
- British writer C. S. Lewis marries US poet Joy Gresham in a civil ceremony at the Oxford register office, UK; as a divorcee, Gresham could not marry in an Anglican church.[28]
- The Australian Navy's new aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne docks at Fremantle after her six-week maiden voyage from Glasgow, UK, to Australia.[29]
- The report of the Board of Inquiry into the 1956 Hawker Hunter multiple aircraft accident reports that the primary cause of the accident was a sudden deterioration in the weather, but that it had been an error of judgement to divert the aircraft on the assumption that they could perform a visual landing.[30]
- Born: Dominique Blanc, French actress, in Lyon
- Died: Edward Arnold, 66, US actor (cerebral hemorrhage)
- The first ever ship to use the modern cargo container, named the Ideal X, set sail from New Jersey to Texas, marking the start of a new era of worldwide economics.
- World heavyweight champion Rocky Marciano announces his retirement, aged 32, from professional boxing without having lost any of his 49 bouts.[31]
- Portuguese cargo ship SS Luabo sinks off the coast of Mozambique, with the loss of fourteen of her 57 crew.[32]
- The first round of voting in the Burmese general election takes place, resulting in a majority for the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League, led by U Nu, in the Burmese Chamber of Deputies.[33]
- France completes its military withdrawal from Vietnam with the last of the French Expeditionary Force leaving the country.[34]
- The Canadian Pacific Railway discontinues its Imperial Limited passenger service, its premier passenger train between Montreal and Vancouver, which had been running since 1899, because of the loss of its contract with Royal Mail.[35]
- The 13th season of Germany's DFB-Pokal football competition begins with a qualifying match between Spandauer SV and FK Pirmasens.[36]
- Death and eulogy of Roi Rotberg, a kibbutz security officer killed yesterday near the Gaza Strip.
- The 10th annual draft of the United States National Basketball Association is held in New York City.[37]
- Born: Lars von Trier, Danish film director and screenwriter, in Kongens Lyngby
- Died: Alben W. Barkley, 78, US politician, 35th Vice President of the United States
References
[edit]- ^ Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Newcomb, Horace (2004). Encyclopedia of Television, Volume 1. Vol. 1 (2 ed.). CRC Press. p. 1764. ISBN 1-57958-411-X.
- ^ Aircraft Accident Report on Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 2 from the Department of Transport's Special Collections
- ^ "Kansas Legislators: Past and Present • State Library of Kans". kslib.info. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
- ^ Ostuno, E. J. (2021). "A Case Study in Forensic Meteorology: Investigating the 3 April 1956 Tornadoes in Western Lower Michigan". e-Journal of Severe Storms Meteorology. 3 (1): 1–33. doi:10.55599/ejssm.v3i1.14. S2CID 109690212. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ^ Bass, Jack; Marilyn W. Thompson (1998). Ol' Strom: An Unauthorized Biography of Strom Thurmond. Longstreet. p. 155.
- ^ Morris, Benny (1993) Israel's Border Wars, 1949 - 1956. Arab Infiltration, Israeli Retaliation, and the Countdown to the Suez War. Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-827850-0. Page 371.
- ^ Technical Information Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Caïd Essebsi, Béji (2009). Bourguiba. Le bon grain et l'ivraie [Bourguiba. The wheat and the chaff] (in French). Tunis: Sud Éditions. ISBN 978-9973-844-99-6.
- ^ "Casualties: US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel Killed and Injured in Selected Accidents and Other Incidents Not Directly the Result of Enemy Action". Naval History and Heritage Command. 7 December 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
- ^ "Helicopter Search Over Clyde". The Times. No. 53502. London. 11 April 1956. col B, p. 17.
- ^ * Official website of the Norwegian Humanist Association
- ^ Burford, Mark (2012). "Sam Cooke as Pop Album Artist". Journal of the American Musicological Society. doi:10.1525/jams.2012.65.1.113. ProQuest 1283950996.
- ^ "ITTF Statistics". ittf.com. Retrieved 13 April 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Jacobs, Seth (2006). Cold War Mandarin: Ngo Dinh Diem and the Origins of America's War in Vietnam, 1950–1963. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0-7425-4447-8. P 84
- ^ "How Much Should a Tape Recorder Cost? [Ampex ad]" Broadcasting-Telecasting, 15 October 1956, 220. http://americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1956/1956-10-15-Quarter-Century-BC.pdf
- ^ "McDonald Chapel F-4 Tornado - Jefferson County April 15, 1956". Birmingham, Alabama: National Weather Service. 13 February 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
- ^ Argentina 1911 by Osvaldo Gorgazzi at RSSSF.com
- ^ "1956 Syracuse GP Entry List". ChicaneF1.com. Retrieved 2012-09-27.
- ^ "Telegrams in Brief". The Times. No. 53508. London. 18 April 1956. col G, p. 8.
- ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 410–411. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Robertson, Patrick (1974). The Shell Book of Firsts. London: Ebury Press. p. 243. ISBN 0-7181-1279-2.
- ^ "Macmillan unveils premium bond scheme". BBC News. 18 April 1956. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ "GALLERY: 60 years since Grace Kelly and Prince Rainier's spectacular wedding of the century". Hello! magazine. 19 April 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
- ^ "Corfu Trivia". allcorfu.com. Retrieved 2015-09-20.
- ^ Nick Webster and Claire Donnelly (17 November 2007). "Cold war spy riddle ends". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 17 November 2007.
- ^ 1956 All-Ireland Hurling Championship results Archived 2014-04-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Hooper, Walter (1998). C.S. Lewis: A Complete Guide to His Life and Works. HarperCollins. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-06-063880-1.
- ^ Gillett, Ross (1988). Australian and New Zealand Warships since 1946. Brookvale, NSW: Child & Associates. pp. 21–22. ISBN 0-86777-219-0. OCLC 23470364.
- ^ "Hunter Aircraft (Report of Inquiry)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 25 April 1956. Retrieved 23 August 2009.
- ^ Mullan (1996). Boxing: The Definitive Illustrated Guide to World Boxing. London, England: Carlton Books. p. 81. ISBN 0-7858-0641-5.
- ^ "Sinking Of Portuguese Ship". The Times. No. 53519. London. 1 May 1956. col F, p. 10.
- ^ Silverstein, Josef (1956). "Politics, Parties and National Elections in Burma". Far Eastern Survey. 25 (12). Institute of Pacific Relations: 177–184. doi:10.2307/3024383. JSTOR 3024383.
- ^ Logevall, Frederik Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam New York: Random House, 2012, p 650
- ^ Smith, Douglas N.W. (July 2000). Canadian Rail Passenger Review Number 3. Trackside Canada. ISBN 0-9697415-8-8.
- ^ "DFB-Pokal 1955-56" (in German). fussballdaten.de. 2008. Retrieved 22 September 2008.
- ^ "1956 NBA Draft". basketball-reference.com. Retrieved October 28, 2009.