California's 31st Congressional District

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California's 31st Congressional District
Incumbent
Grace NapolitanoDemocratic
Assumed office: January 3, 2023

California's 31st Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Grace Napolitano (D).

As of the 2020 Census, California representatives represented an average of 761,091 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 704,566 residents.

Elections

2024

See also: California's 31st Congressional District election, 2024

California's 31st Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 top-two primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 31

Gil Cisneros defeated Daniel Martinez in the general election for U.S. House California District 31 on November 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Gil Cisneros
Gil Cisneros (D) Candidate Connection
 
57.0
 
101,550
Image of Daniel Martinez
Daniel Martinez (R)
 
43.0
 
76,535

There were no incumbents in this race. Source

Total votes: 178,085
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 31

The following candidates ran in the primary for U.S. House California District 31 on March 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Gil Cisneros
Gil Cisneros (D) Candidate Connection
 
23.6
 
23,888
✔
Image of Daniel Martinez
Daniel Martinez (R)
 
19.2
 
19,464
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Pedro Casas (R)
 
16.9
 
17,077
Image of Susan Rubio
Susan Rubio (D)
 
15.8
 
16,006
Image of Bob Archuleta
Bob Archuleta (D)
 
10.0
 
10,151
Image of Mary Ann Lutz
Mary Ann Lutz (D) Candidate Connection
 
6.5
 
6,629
Image of Gregory Hafif
Gregory Hafif (D) Candidate Connection
 
4.9
 
4,914
Image of Kurt Jose
Kurt Jose (D) Candidate Connection
 
1.4
 
1,415
Image of Erskine Levi
Erskine Levi (No party preference) Candidate Connection
 
1.2
 
1,166
Image of Y. Marie Manvel
Y. Marie Manvel (No party preference)
 
0.5
 
534

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 101,244
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2022

See also: California's 31st Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 31

Incumbent Grace Napolitano defeated Daniel Martinez in the general election for U.S. House California District 31 on November 8, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Grace Napolitano
Grace Napolitano (D)
 
59.5
 
91,472
Image of Daniel Martinez
Daniel Martinez (R)
 
40.5
 
62,153

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 153,625
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 31

Incumbent Grace Napolitano and Daniel Martinez defeated Rocco Anthony De Luca and Erskine Levi in the primary for U.S. House California District 31 on June 7, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Grace Napolitano
Grace Napolitano (D)
 
55.5
 
49,415
✔
Image of Daniel Martinez
Daniel Martinez (R)
 
36.7
 
32,721
Image of Rocco Anthony De Luca
Rocco Anthony De Luca (D) Candidate Connection
 
7.8
 
6,948
Image of Erskine Levi
Erskine Levi (No party preference) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
17

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 89,101
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2020

See also: California's 31st Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 31

Incumbent Pete Aguilar defeated Agnes Gibboney in the general election for U.S. House California District 31 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Pete Aguilar
Pete Aguilar (D)
 
61.3
 
175,315
Image of Agnes Gibboney
Agnes Gibboney (R) Candidate Connection
 
38.7
 
110,735

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 286,050
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 31

Incumbent Pete Aguilar and Agnes Gibboney defeated Eugene Weems in the primary for U.S. House California District 31 on March 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Pete Aguilar
Pete Aguilar (D)
 
62.1
 
81,994
✔
Image of Agnes Gibboney
Agnes Gibboney (R) Candidate Connection
 
37.8
 
49,889
Image of Eugene Weems
Eugene Weems (Unaffiliated) (Write-in) Candidate Connection
 
0.0
 
51

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 131,934
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2018

See also: California's 31st Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 31

Incumbent Pete Aguilar defeated Sean Flynn in the general election for U.S. House California District 31 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Pete Aguilar
Pete Aguilar (D)
 
58.7
 
110,143
Image of Sean Flynn
Sean Flynn (R)
 
41.3
 
77,352

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 187,495
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 31

Incumbent Pete Aguilar and Sean Flynn defeated Kaisar Ahmed in the primary for U.S. House California District 31 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Pete Aguilar
Pete Aguilar (D)
 
45.9
 
41,337
✔
Image of Sean Flynn
Sean Flynn (R)
 
45.1
 
40,622
Image of Kaisar Ahmed
Kaisar Ahmed (D)
 
9.0
 
8,108

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.

Total votes: 90,067
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2016

See also: California's 31st Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Pete Aguilar (D) defeated Paul Chabot (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Aguilar and Chabot defeated Kaisar Ahmed (D), Joe Baca (R), and Sean Flynn (R) in the top-two primary on June 7, 2016.[1][2]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngPete Aguilar Incumbent 56.1% 121,070
     Republican Paul Chabot 43.9% 94,866
Total Votes 215,936
Source: California Secretary of State


U.S. House, California District 31 Primary, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngPete Aguilar Incumbent 43.1% 48,518
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngPaul Chabot 22.7% 25,534
     Republican Joe Baca 12.4% 14,020
     Democratic Kaisar Ahmed 11% 12,418
     Republican Sean Flynn 10.8% 12,130
Total Votes 112,620
Source: California Secretary of State

2014

SimmeringRace.jpg
See also: California's 31st Congressional District elections, 2014

Incumbent Gary Miller (R) retired in 2014. Pete Aguilar (D) defeated Paul Chabot (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngPete Aguilar 51.7% 51,622
     Republican Paul Chabot 48.3% 48,162
Total Votes 99,784
Source: California Secretary of State

2012

See also: California's 31st Congressional District elections, 2012

According to a Cook Political Report analysis, the 31st District was one of 13 congressional districts in California that was competitive in 2012. The analysis rated it as Republican Toss Up.[3] District 42 incumbent Gary Miller won election in the district.[4]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngGary Miller Incumbent 55.2% 88,964
     Republican Bob Dutton 44.8% 72,255
Total Votes 161,219
Source: California Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"


2010
On November 2, 2010, Xavier Becerra won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Stephen Smith (R) and Sal Genovese (Write-in) in the general election.[5]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2010
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngXavier Becerra incumbent 83.8% 76,363
     Republican Stephen Smith 16.2% 14,740
     Write-in Sal Genovese 0% 3
Total Votes 91,106


2008
On November 4, 2008, Xavier Becerra won re-election to the United States House. He ran unopposed in the general election.[6]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2008
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngXavier Becerra incumbent 100% 110,955
Total Votes 110,955


2006
On November 7, 2006, Xavier Becerra won re-election to the United States House. He ran unopposed in the general election.[7]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2006
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngXavier Becerra incumbent 100% 64,952
Total Votes 64,952


2004
On November 2, 2004, Xavier Becerra won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Luis Vega (R) in the general election.[8]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2004
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngXavier Becerra incumbent 80.2% 89,363
     Republican Luis Vega 19.8% 22,048
Total Votes 111,411


2002
On November 5, 2002, Xavier Becerra won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Luis Vega (R) in the general election.[9]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2002
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngXavier Becerra incumbent 81.2% 54,569
     Republican Luis Vega 18.8% 12,674
Total Votes 67,243


2000
On November 7, 2000, Hilda Solis won election to the United States House. She defeated Krista Lieberg-Wong (G), Michael McGuire (L) and Richard Griffin (Natural Law) in the general election.[10]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 2000
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngHilda Solis 79.4% 89,600
     Green Krista Lieberg-Wong 9.1% 10,294
     Libertarian Michael McGuire 6.3% 7,138
     Natural Law Richard Griffin 5.2% 5,882
Total Votes 112,914


1998
On November 3, 1998, Matthew Martinez won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Frank Moreno (R), Krista Lieberg-Wong (G), Michael Everling (L) and Gary Hearne (Natural Law) in the general election.[11]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 1998
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngMatthew Martinez incumbent 70% 61,173
     Republican Frank Moreno 22.6% 19,786
     Green Krista Lieberg-Wong 5% 4,377
     Libertarian Michael Everling 1.3% 1,121
     Natural Law Gary Hearne 1% 903
Total Votes 87,360


1996
On November 5, 1996, Matthew Martinez won re-election to the United States House. He defeated John Flores (R) and Michael Everling (L) in the general election.[12]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 1996
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngMatthew Martinez incumbent 67.5% 69,285
     Republican John Flores 28% 28,705
     Libertarian Michael Everling 4.6% 4,700
Total Votes 102,690


1994
On November 8, 1994, Matthew Martinez won re-election to the United States House. He defeated John Flores (R) in the general election.[13]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 1994
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngMatthew Martinez incumbent 59.1% 50,541
     Republican John Flores 40.9% 34,926
Total Votes 85,467


1992
On November 3, 1992, Matthew Martinez won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Reuben Franco (R) in the general election.[14]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 1992
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngMatthew Martinez incumbent 62.6% 68,324
     Republican Reuben Franco 37.4% 40,873
Total Votes 109,197


1990
On November 6, 1990, Mervyn Dymally won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Eunice Sato (R) in the general election.[15]

U.S. House, California District 31 General Election, 1990
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngMervyn Dymally incumbent 67.1% 56,394
     Republican Eunice Sato 32.9% 27,593
Total Votes 83,987


District map

Redistricting

2020-2021

See also: Redistricting in California after the 2020 census

The California Citizens Redistricting Commission voted 14-0 in favor of a new congressional district map on December 20, 2021, and delivered those maps to the secretary of state on December 27, 2021.[16][17] California was apportioned 52 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives after the 2020 census, a net loss of one seat compared to apportionment after the 2010 census. This map took effect for California's 2022 congressional elections.

How does redistricting in California work? In California, a non-politician commission draws both congressional and state legislative district lines. Established in 2008 by ballot initiative, the commission comprises 14 members: five Democrats, five Republicans, and four belonging to neither party. A panel of state auditors selects the pool of nominees from which the commissioners are appointed. This pool comprises 20 Democrats, 20 Republicans, and 20 belonging to neither party. The majority and minority leaders of both chambers of the state legislature may each remove two members from each of the aforementioned groups. The first eight commission members are selected at random from the remaining nominees. These first eight comprise three Democrats, three Republicans, and two belonging to neither party. The first eight commissioners appoint the remaining six, which must include two Democrats, two Republicans, and two belonging to neither party.[18]

Commissioners must meet the following requirements in order to serve:[18]

  1. Members must have voted in at least two of the last three statewide elections.
  2. Members cannot have switched party affiliation for at least five years.
  3. "Neither commissioners nor immediate family may have been, within 10 years of appointment, a candidate for federal or state office or member of a party central committee; an officer, employee, or paid consultant to a federal or state candidate or party; a registered lobbyist or paid legislative staff; or a donor of more than $2,000 to an elected candidate."
  4. Members cannot be "staff, consultants or contractors for state or federal government" while serving as commissioners. The same prohibition applies to the family of commission members.

In order to approve a redistricting plan, nine of the commission's 14 members must vote for it. These nine must include three Democrats, three Republicans, and three belonging to neither party. Maps drawn by the commission may be overturned by public referendum. In the event that a map is overturned by the public, the California Supreme Court must appoint a group to draw a new map.[18]

The California Constitution requires that districts be contiguous. Further, the state constitution mandates that "to the extent possible, [districts] must ... preserve the geographic integrity of cities, counties, neighborhoods and communities of interest." Districts must also "encourage compactness." State Senate and Assembly districts should be nested within each other where possible.[18]

California District 31
until January 2, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

California District 31
starting January 3, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.


2010-2011

This is the 31st Congressional District of California after the 2001 redistricting process.
See also: Redistricting in California after the 2010 census

In 2011, the California State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+15. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 15 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made California's 31st the 97th most Democratic district nationally.[19]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have defeated Donald Trump (R) 64.5%-33.4%.[20]

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+15. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 15 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made California's 31st the 94th most Democratic district nationally.[21]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 64.5% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 33.4%.[22]

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+8. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 8 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made California's 31st Congressional District the 136th most Democratic nationally.[23]

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 0.93. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 0.93 points toward that party.[24]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ California Secretary of State, "Certified List of Candidates for Voter-Nominated Offices June 7, 2016, Presidential Primary Election," accessed April 4, 2016
  2. ↑ The New York Times, "California Primary Results," June 7, 2016
  3. ↑ The Cook Political Report, "2012 Competitive House Race Chart," accessed July 10, 2012
  4. ↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map, California," accessed August 15, 2012
  5. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
  6. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
  7. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
  8. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
  9. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
  10. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
  11. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
  12. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
  13. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994," accessed March 28, 2013
  14. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
  15. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990," accessed March 28, 2013
  16. ↑ Politico, "California’s new congressional map boosts Democrats," Dec. 21, 2021
  17. ↑ Lake County News, "California Citizens Redistricting Commission delivers maps to California Secretary of State," Dec. 28, 2021
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 All About Redistricting, "California," accessed April 21, 2015
  19. ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
  20. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  21. ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
  22. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  23. ↑ Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
  24. ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018


California's current delegation to the United States Congress
Senators
Laphonza Butler (D)
Alex Padilla (D)
Representatives
District 1
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 6
Ami Bera (D)
District 7
District 8
District 9
District 10
District 11
District 12
District 13
District 14
District 15
District 16
District 17
Ro Khanna (D)
District 18
District 19
District 20
District 21
Jim Costa (D)
District 22
District 23
District 24
District 25
Raul Ruiz (D)
District 26
District 27
District 28
Judy Chu (D)
District 29
District 30
District 31
District 32
District 33
District 34
District 35
District 36
Ted Lieu (D)
District 37
District 38
District 39
District 40
Young Kim (R)
District 41
District 42
District 43
District 44
District 45
District 46
District 47
District 48
District 49
District 50
District 51
District 52
Democratic Party (42)
Republican Party (12)

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