California's 18th Congressional District election, 2022

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2024
2020
California's 18th Congressional District
Ballotpedia Election Coverage Badge.png
Top-two primary
General election
Election details
Filing deadline: March 11, 2022
Primary: June 7, 2022
General: November 8, 2022
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m.
Voting in California
Race ratings
Cook Partisan Voter Index (2022): D+21
Cook Political Report: Solid Democratic
Inside Elections: Solid Democratic
Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Democratic
Ballotpedia analysis
U.S. Senate battlegrounds
U.S. House battlegrounds
Federal and state primary competitiveness
Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2022
See also
California's 18th Congressional District
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California elections, 2022
U.S. Congress elections, 2022
U.S. Senate elections, 2022
U.S. House elections, 2022

All U.S. House districts, including the 18th Congressional District of California, held elections in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. The primary was scheduled for June 7, 2022. The filing deadline was March 11, 2022.

For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:

Candidates and election results

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 18

Incumbent Zoe Lofgren defeated Peter Hernandez in the general election for U.S. House California District 18 on November 8, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Zoe Lofgren
Zoe Lofgren (D)
 
65.9
 
99,776
Image of Peter Hernandez
Peter Hernandez (R)
 
34.1
 
51,737

Total votes: 151,513
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 18

Incumbent Zoe Lofgren and Peter Hernandez defeated Luis Acevedo-Arreguin in the primary for U.S. House California District 18 on June 7, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Zoe Lofgren
Zoe Lofgren (D)
 
56.1
 
50,104
Image of Peter Hernandez
Peter Hernandez (R)
 
31.3
 
27,935
Image of Luis Acevedo-Arreguin
Luis Acevedo-Arreguin (Independent)
 
12.6
 
11,253

Total votes: 89,292
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Voting information

See also: Voting in California

Election information in California: Nov. 8, 2022, election.

What was the voter registration deadline?

  • In-person: Oct. 24, 2022
  • By mail: Postmarked by Oct. 24, 2022
  • Online: Oct. 24, 2022

Was absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

N/A

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 8, 2022
  • By mail: Received by Nov. 1, 2022
  • Online: N/A

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 8, 2022
  • By mail: Postmarked by Nov. 8, 2022

Was early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates?

Oct. 10, 2022 to Nov. 7, 2022

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When were polls open on Election Day?

7 a.m. to 8 p.m.


Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

No candidate in this race completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey.


Campaign finance

This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[1] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[2] Click here to view the reporting schedule for candidates for U.S. Congress in 2022.

U.S. Congress campaign reporting schedule, 2022
Report Close of books Filing deadline
Year-end 2021 12/31/2021 1/31/2022
April quarterly 3/31/2022 4/15/2022
July quarterly 6/30/2022 7/15/2022
October quarterly 9/30/2022 10/15/2022
Pre-general 10/19/2022 10/27/2022
Post-general 11/28/2022 12/08/2022
Year-end 2022 12/31/2022 1/31/2023


Name Party Receipts* Disbursements** Cash on hand Date
Zoe Lofgren Democratic Party $2,022,557 $2,771,725 $411,370 As of December 31, 2022
Peter Hernandez Republican Party $251,022 $248,690 $2,299 As of December 31, 2022
Luis Acevedo-Arreguin Independent $22,253 $16,334 $5,918 As of December 31, 2022

Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2022. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).

* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee."
** According to the FEC, a disbursement "is a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit or gift of money or anything of value to influence a federal election," plus other kinds of payments not made to influence a federal election.

General election race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

  • Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
  • Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
  • Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[3]
  • Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[4][5][6]

Race ratings: California's 18th Congressional District election, 2022
Race trackerRace ratings
November 8, 2022November 1, 2022October 25, 2022October 18, 2022
The Cook Political Report with Amy WalterSolid DemocraticSolid DemocraticSolid DemocraticSolid Democratic
Inside Elections with Nathan L. GonzalesSolid DemocraticSolid DemocraticSolid DemocraticSolid Democratic
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal BallSafe DemocraticSafe DemocraticSafe DemocraticSafe Democratic
Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week.

Ballot access requirements

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in California in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in California, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2022
State Office Party Signatures required Filing fee Filing deadline Source
California U.S. House All candidates 40-60 $1,740.00 3/11/2022 Source

District analysis

Click the tabs below to view information about voter composition, past elections, and demographics in both the district and the state.

  • District map - A map of the district before and after redistricting.
  • Effect of redistricting - How districts in the state changed as a result of redistricting following the 2020 census.
  • Competitiveness - Information about the competitiveness of 2022 U.S. House elections in the state.
  • Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the district and the state.
  • Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.
  • State party control - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.

District map

Below was the map in use at the time of the election, enacted as part of the 2020 redistricting cycle, compared to the map in place before the election.

California District 18
until January 2, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

California District 18
starting January 3, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.


Effect of redistricting

See also: Redistricting in California after the 2020 census

The table below details the results of the 2020 presidential election in each district at the time of the 2022 election and its political predecessor district.[7] This data was compiled by Daily Kos Elections.[8]

2020 presidential results by Congressional district, California
District 2022 district Political predecessor district
Joe Biden Democratic Party Donald Trump Republican Party Joe Biden Democratic Party Donald Trump Republican Party
California's 1st 39.2% 58.3% 41.1% 56.4%
California's 2nd 73.5% 24.0% 73.6% 23.9%
California's 3rd 47.9% 49.7% 46.2% 51.6%
California's 4th 67.1% 30.5% 72.4% 25.3%
California's 5th 42.7% 55.0% 43.9% 53.7%
California's 6th 57.9% 39.4% 55.6% 41.9%
California's 7th 67.4% 30.3% 70.3% 27.2%
California's 8th 76.0% 22.0% 54.9% 42.7%
California's 9th 55.2% 42.6% 50.3% 47.4%
California's 10th 68.6% 29.3% 74.3% 23.6%
California's 11th 86.3% 11.7% 86.1% 11.9%
California's 12th 89.3% 8.6% 88.9% 9.0%
California's 13th 54.3% 43.4% 57.9% 39.9%
California's 14th 71.7% 26.2% 71.5% 26.4%
California's 15th 77.7% 20.4% 77.7% 20.5%
California's 16th 75.4% 22.4% 76.4% 21.3%
California's 17th 72.7% 25.3% 72.5% 25.5%
California's 18th 71.0% 26.9% 70.0% 27.9%
California's 19th 68.7% 29.1% 72.7% 25.0%
California's 20th 36.4% 61.3% 40.5% 57.1%
California's 21st 59.1% 38.8% 58.8% 38.9%
California's 22nd 55.3% 42.3% 54.4% 43.5%
California's 23rd 43.9% 53.7% 43.6% 54.0%
California's 24th 63.3% 34.3% 60.7% 36.9%
California's 25th 56.7% 41.4% 55.9% 42.3%
California's 26th 58.9% 39.0% 61.4% 36.5%
California's 27th 55.1% 42.7% 54.0% 43.9%
California's 28th 66.1% 31.9% 67.2% 30.8%
California's 29th 74.5% 23.2% 74.1% 23.7%
California's 30th 72.2% 26.0% 70.9% 27.2%
California's 31st 64.5% 33.4% 65.2% 32.8%
California's 32nd 69.5% 28.7% 68.7% 29.4%
California's 33rd 61.5% 36.2% 58.8% 38.9%
California's 34th 81.0% 16.7% 80.8% 16.9%
California's 35th 62.7% 35.1% 65.1% 32.6%
California's 36th 71.0% 26.9% 69.0% 29.0%
California's 37th 85.7% 12.4% 84.3% 13.8%
California's 38th 64.1% 33.9% 65.6% 32.3%
California's 39th 62.0% 35.8% 61.7% 36.1%
California's 40th 49.9% 48.0% 54.1% 44.0%
California's 41st 48.6% 49.7% 45.3% 52.7%
California's 42nd 71.7% 25.9% 77.1% 20.6%
California's 43rd 80.8% 17.0% 76.9% 20.9%
California's 44th 72.9% 24.7% 78.4% 19.2%
California's 45th 52.1% 46.0% 49.7% 48.2%
California's 46th 64.1% 33.7% 64.3% 33.5%
California's 47th 54.5% 43.4% 54.6% 43.3%
California's 48th 42.7% 55.0% 45.0% 52.7%
California's 49th 54.6% 43.2% 55.2% 42.5%
California's 50th 65.4% 32.2% 63.4% 34.2%
California's 51st 62.5% 35.2% 67.0% 30.9%
California's 52nd 67.4% 30.5% 66.9% 30.9%

Competitiveness

See also: Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2022

This section contains data on U.S. House primary election competitiveness in California.

California U.S. House primary competitiveness, 2022
Office Districts/
offices
Seats Open seats Candidates Possible primaries Contested top-two primaries % of contested primaries Incumbents in contested primaries % of incumbents in contested primaries
2022 52 52 5 272 52 52 100.0% 47 100.0%
2020 53 53 4 262 53 47 88.7% 32 65.3%
2018 53 53 2 244 53 41 77.4% 39 76.5%
2016 53 53 4 202 53 40 75.5% 36 73.5%
2014 53 53 6 209 53 38 71.7% 32 68.1%


Post-filing deadline analysis

The following analysis covers all U.S. House districts up for election in California in 2022. Information below was calculated on April 7, 2022, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.

For the first time since at least 2014, every U.S. House district in California had scheduled a contested primary election following the 2022 candidate filing deadline. In California, which uses a top-two primary system, a primary is contested if more than two candidates file to run.

In 2022, 265 candidates filed to run for California's 52 congressional districts, including 112 Democrats, 126 Republicans, and 27 independent and third party candidates. That's 5.1 candidates per district, more than the 4.2 candidates per district in 2020 and the 3.9 in 2018. This figure increased partly due to a larger number of candidates but also because the number of congressional districts in California decreased by one following the 2020 census.

Forty-seven incumbents filed for re-election, all of whom were set to face primary challengers as of the candidate filing deadline, another first since at least 2014. Five districts were left open, meaning no incumbent filed to run there. Four incumbents did not seek re-election and one—Rep. Devin Nunes (R)—resigned early. Nunes' retirement triggered a special election for June 7. No candidates in the special election filed to run in the regularly-scheduled general election, meaning the winner of the special election would only serve in Congress until Jan. 3, 2023.

Nine candidates filed to run in the 30th District, more than any other. This includes three Democrats, including incumbent Rep. Adam Schiff (D), four Republicans, one American Independent Party candidate, and one Green Party candidate.

As of the filing deadline, no districts were guaranteed to either party because both Democrats and Republicans filed to run in all 52. However, under California's top-two primary system, two candidates from the same party can advance to the general election if they are the top two vote-getters in the primary.

Presidential elections

Partisan Voter Index

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+21. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 21 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made California's 18th the 58th most Democratic district nationally.[9]

2020 presidential election results

The table below shows what the vote in the 2020 presidential election would have been in this district. The presidential election data was compiled by Daily Kos.

2020 presidential results in California's 18th based on 2022 district lines
Joe Biden Democratic Party Donald Trump Republican Party
71.0% 26.9%

Presidential voting history

See also: Presidential election in California, 2020

California presidential election results (1900-2020)

  • 15 Democratic wins
  • 15 Republican wins
  • 1 other win
Year 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
Winning Party R R R P[10] D R R R D D D D D R R R D R R R R R R D D D D D D D D


Demographics

The table below details demographic data in California and compares it to the broader United States as of 2019.

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Demographic Data for California
California United States
Population 37,253,956 308,745,538
Land area (sq mi) 155,857 3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White 59.7% 72.5%
Black/African American 5.8% 12.7%
Asian 14.5% 5.5%
Native American 0.8% 0.8%
Pacific Islander 0.4% 0.2%
Two or more 4.9% 3.3%
Hispanic/Latino 39% 18%
Education
High school graduation rate 83.3% 88%
College graduation rate 33.9% 32.1%
Income
Median household income $75,235 $62,843
Persons below poverty level 13.4% 13.4%
Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2010). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2014-2019).
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.


State party control

Congressional delegation

The table below displays the partisan composition of California's congressional delegation as of November 2022.

Congressional Partisan Breakdown from California, November 2022
Party U.S. Senate U.S. House Total
Democratic 2 42 44
Republican 0 11 11
Independent 0 0 0
Vacancies 0 0 0
Total 2 53 55

State executive

The table below displays the officeholders in California's top four state executive offices as of November 2022.

State executive officials in California, November 2022
Office Officeholder
Governor Democratic Party Gavin Newsom
Lieutenant Governor Democratic Party Eleni Kounalakis
Secretary of State Democratic Party Shirley Weber
Attorney General Democratic Party Rob Bonta

State legislature

The tables below highlight the partisan composition of the California State Legislature as of November 2022.

California State Senate

Party As of November 2022
     Democratic Party 31
     Republican Party 9
     Vacancies 0
Total 40

California State Assembly

Party As of November 2022
     Democratic Party 60
     Republican Party 19
     Independent 1
     Vacancies 0
Total 80

Trifecta control

As of November 2022, California was a Democratic trifecta, with majorities in both chambers of the state legislature and control of the governorship. The table below displays the historical trifecta status of the state.

California Party Control: 1992-2022
Seventeen years of Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Governor R R R R R R R D D D D D R R R R R R R D D D D D D D D D D D D
Senate D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Assembly D D D S R D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D


District history

2020

See also: California's 18th Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 18

Incumbent Anna Eshoo defeated Rishi Kumar in the general election for U.S. House California District 18 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Anna Eshoo
Anna Eshoo (D)
 
63.2
 
217,388
Image of Rishi Kumar
Rishi Kumar (D) Candidate Connection
 
36.8
 
126,751

Total votes: 344,139
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 18

Incumbent Anna Eshoo and Rishi Kumar defeated Richard Fox, Phil Reynolds, and Bob Goodwyn in the primary for U.S. House California District 18 on March 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Anna Eshoo
Anna Eshoo (D)
 
61.7
 
146,225
Image of Rishi Kumar
Rishi Kumar (D) Candidate Connection
 
16.4
 
38,826
Image of Richard Fox
Richard Fox (R)
 
12.2
 
28,863
Image of Phil Reynolds
Phil Reynolds (R) Candidate Connection
 
7.8
 
18,600
Image of Bob Goodwyn
Bob Goodwyn (L) Candidate Connection
 
1.9
 
4,462

Total votes: 236,976
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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2018

See also: California's 18th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 18

Incumbent Anna Eshoo defeated Christine Russell in the general election for U.S. House California District 18 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Anna Eshoo
Anna Eshoo (D)
 
74.5
 
225,142
Image of Christine Russell
Christine Russell (R)
 
25.5
 
77,096

Total votes: 302,238
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 18

Incumbent Anna Eshoo and Christine Russell defeated John Karl Fredrich in the primary for U.S. House California District 18 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Anna Eshoo
Anna Eshoo (D)
 
73.4
 
133,993
Image of Christine Russell
Christine Russell (R)
 
23.4
 
42,692
Image of John Karl Fredrich
John Karl Fredrich (Independent) Candidate Connection
 
3.2
 
5,803

Total votes: 182,488
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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2016

See also: California's 18th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Anna Eshoo (D) defeated Richard Fox (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Eshoo and Fox defeated Bob Harlow (D) in the top-two primary on June 7, 2016.[11][12]

U.S. House, California District 18 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngAnna Eshoo Incumbent 71.1% 230,460
     Republican Richard Fox 28.9% 93,470
Total Votes 323,930
Source: California Secretary of State


U.S. House, California District 18 Primary, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngAnna Eshoo Incumbent 68.2% 132,726
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRichard Fox 24.4% 47,484
     Democratic Bob Harlow 7.4% 14,411
Total Votes 194,621
Source: California Secretary of State

2014

See also: California's 18th Congressional District elections, 2014

The 18th Congressional District of California held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Anna Eshoo (D) defeated Richard Fox (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, California District 18 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngAnna Eshoo Incumbent 67.8% 133,060
     Republican Richard Fox 32.2% 63,326
Total Votes 196,386
Source: California Secretary of State
U.S. House, California District 18 Primary, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngAnna Eshoo Incumbent 67.6% 81,295
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRichard Fox 22.5% 27,111
     Republican Bruce Anderson 8% 9,644
     Republican Oscar Braun 1.8% 2,190
Total Votes 120,240
Source: California Secretary of State

See also

California 2022 primaries 2022 U.S. Congress elections
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External links

Footnotes

  1. Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
  2. Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
  3. Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
  4. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
  5. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
  6. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
  7. Political predecessor districts are determined primarily based on incumbents and where each chose to seek re-election.
  8. Daily Kos Elections, "Daily Kos Elections 2020 presidential results by congressional district (old CDs vs. new CDs)," accessed May 12, 2022
  9. Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
  10. Progressive Party
  11. California Secretary of State, "Certified List of Candidates for Voter-Nominated Offices June 7, 2016, Presidential Primary Election," accessed April 4, 2016
  12. The New York Times, "California Primary Results," June 7, 2016


Senators
Representatives
District 1
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 6
Ami Bera (D)
District 7
District 8
District 9
District 10
District 11
District 12
District 13
District 14
District 15
District 16
District 17
Ro Khanna (D)
District 18
District 19
District 20
District 21
Jim Costa (D)
District 22
District 23
District 24
District 25
Raul Ruiz (D)
District 26
District 27
District 28
Judy Chu (D)
District 29
District 30
District 31
District 32
District 33
District 34
District 35
District 36
Ted Lieu (D)
District 37
District 38
District 39
District 40
Young Kim (R)
District 41
District 42
District 43
District 44
District 45
District 46
District 47
District 48
District 49
District 50
District 51
District 52
Democratic Party (42)
Republican Party (12)