�}�V���̃l�b�g���[�N�ݒ���s���A�O���̃l�b�g���[�N��T�[�o�ƂȂ��邩�ǂ������m�F����ۂɂ́A���ۂɃl�b�g���[�N�A�v���P�[�V�������g���O�ɁA�uping�v�utraceroute�itracert�j�v�Ȃǂ̃R�}���h��p������@���L�����B
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�@ping��traceroute�ł͈�ʂɁAICMP�iInternet Control Message Protocol �F RFC 792�^ RFC 1812�j�ƌĂ����ʂȃv���g�R����p���ăl�b�g���[�N�̑a�ʂ��m�F���Ă���B
�@���Ƃ���ICMP�́A�l�b�g���[�N�ɏ�Q�����萳��ȒʐM���s���Ȃ��ꍇ�ɁA�o�H�Ɉʒu���郋�[�^�[��z�X�g�����M���z�X�g�ւ��̏�Q��m�点�邽�߂̃v���g�R���ł���B���̂��߁A�G���[�v���g�R���Ƃ��Ă��B
�@IP���͓̂��B�M�����̒Ⴂ�v���g�R�������A���ɓr���Ńp�P�b�g���j�����ꂽ�Ƃ��Ă��A�đ��Ȃǂɂ��G���[���n���h�����O���邱�Ƃ͉\���B�������i���I�ȏ�Q�Ȃǂ̏ꍇ�ɂ́A���Ɍ������������ʂƂȂ�B�����ŁAICMP�ɂ���ăG���[��ʒm���邱�ƂŁA������G���[�n���h�����O�̌������グ��ړI�������Ă���BICMP��IP��œ��삷��v���g�R���ł���ATCP��UDP�Ɠ���K�w�ƍl���Ă悢�BIP�w�b�_�ɂ�����Protocol�t�B�[���h��1���ݒ肳���B����������Q���ʒm�ȂǓ���ȖړI�̂��߂ɂ́A�ʏ��TCP��UDP�ɔ�ׁA���ڍׂȏ�ʒm�ł���悤�ɐv����Ă���B
Type | ���� | �Ӗ� | ��� |
---|---|---|---|
0 | Echo Reply | Echo�v���ւ̕ԓ� | Query |
3 | Destination Unreachable | ���擞�B�s�\ | Error |
4 | Source Quench | �a瀁i���ꂫ�j�����ɂ��]���}���w�� | Error |
5 | Redirect | ���œK�Ȍo�H�ւ̕ύX�w�� | Error |
8 | Echo Request | Echo�v�� | Query |
9 | Router Advertisment | ���[�^�[�ʒm | Query |
10 | Router Solicitation | ���[�^�[�v�� | Query |
11 | Time Exceeded | TTL�̒��߂ɂ��p�P�b�g�̔j���� | Error |
12 | Paramter Problem | �p�P�b�g�p�����[�^�ɂ�����G���[ | Error |
13 | Timestamp Request | �^�C���X�^���v�ێ��v�� | Query |
14 | Timestamp Reply | �^�C���X�^���v�ێ��v���ւ̕ԓ��B | Query |
15 | Information Request�i���g�p�j | �\ | Query |
16 | Information Reply�i���g�p�j | �\ | Query |
17 | AddressMask Request | �A�h���X�}�X�N�v���B�T�u�l�b�g���̃T�u�l�b�g�}�X�N�l��v������ | Query |
18 | AddressMask Reply | �A�h���X�}�X�N�v���ւ̕ԓ� | Query |
�\1�@Type�ꗗ |
�@ICMP�̎�ށi�ړI�j�́AType�t�B�[���h�̐����ɂ���āuQuery���b�Z�[�W�v�ƁuError���b�Z�[�W�v�ɑ傫����������B
�@�uQuery���b�Z�[�W�v�́Aping��traceroute�Ȃǂ̒����R�}���h�ɑ��ĕԓ�����郁�b�Z�[�W���Bping��traceroute�ł́AEcho Request�iType=8�j�ƌĂ��Type�����N�G�X�g�Ƃ��đ�����B����ɑ��Ē����Ώۃz�X�g�́AEcho Reply�iType=0�j���X�|���X��ԓ����A����ɉғ����Ă��邱�Ƃ������BEcho Type�̑g�ݍ��킹�͑��ɁuAre you Alive�v�@�\�Ƃ��Ă�A�u���݊m�F�v�@�\�����B���̑��AQuery���b�Z�[�W�ł́A���X�|���X�^�C�����v�����邽�߂ɓ��B������ԓ�����Timestamp Request�iType=14�j�^Timestamp Reply�iType=14�j�Ȃǂ��悭�p������B
�@����A�uError���b�Z�[�W�v�͏�Q��ʒm���邽�߂̃��b�Z�[�W���B�ʏ��IP�ʐM�ɂ����ĉ��炩�̖�肪���������ꍇ�ɂ́A�o�H�r���̃��[�^�[��z�X�g���P�ƂŃ��b�Z�[�W�𑗐M���z�X�g�֕ԓ�����BDestination Unreachable�iType=3�j�G���[�̏ꍇ�ACode�t�B�[���h�ɂ͈ȉ��̂悤�ȏ�Q���̏ڍ�i�[����邱�ƂɂȂ��Ă���B
Code | ���� |
---|---|
0 | Network Unreachable |
1 | Host Unreachable |
2 | Protocol Unreachable |
3 | Port Unreachable |
4 | Fragmentation Needed and DF set |
5 | Source Route Failed |
6 | Destinantion Network Unknown |
7 | Destinantion Host Unknown |
8 | Source Host Isolated |
9 | Network Administartively Prohibited |
10 | Destinantion Host Administartively Prohibited |
11 | Network Unreachable For TOS |
12 | Host Unreachable For TOS |
13 | Communication Administratively Prohibited |
14 | Host Precedence Violation |
15 | Precedence Cutoff in Effect |
�\2�@Code�ꗗ |
�@Data�t�B�[���h�ɂ́AEcho Request�̏ꍇ�͔C�ӂ̕������߂��邪�AError���b�Z�[�W�̏ꍇ�ł͂ǂ̃p�P�b�g�ɑ���G���[�����������߂ɁA�Ή�����p�P�b�g��IP�w�b�_���i�[�����B
�@�}�̑��M���z�X�gA�ł́A�p�P�b�g���M���ɖړI�̃z�X�g�����݂��Ă���̂��ǂ����܂ł͕�����Ȃ��i���M���z�X�g���c�����Ă��郋�[�e�B���O�́A���������l�b�g���[�N�̃T�u�l�b�g�P�ʂ܂ł̂��߁j�B�����c���ł���̂̓��[�^�[�݂̂ł���B�p�P�b�g�����[�^�[�ɓ�������ƁA���[�^�[�̓��[�e�B���O�e�[�u������o�H��T�����A�ړI�̃z�X�g�͑��݂��Ă��Ȃ����߁A���[�^�[��Destination Unreachable�^Host Unreachable�iType=3 Code=1�j��ԓ����A�G���[�����B�z�X�gY�ւ�Echo Request�ւ̏ꍇ�ɂ́A�z�X�gY���g��Echo Reply�iType=0�j����邱�ƂɂȂ�B
�@ICMP�͂��̂悤�ɃC���^�[�l�b�g�́u���N�I�ȉ^�p�v�̂��߂ɕs���Ȏd�g�݂����AIPv6�ł�IPv4�ȏ�ɂ��܂��܂Ȗ������`����Ă���B�����IPv4�ɂ�����ARP��IGMP�ADHCP�ɂ�����IP�A�h���X����Ȃǂ̋@�\���AIPv6�ł�ICMP��p���Ē�`�������ꂽ����ł���B���̂���IPv4�ɂ�����ICMP�Ƃ͎d�l���傫���ς���Ă���AICMPv6�ƌĂ��B���RFC 4443�Œ�`����Ă���B
Type | ���O | RFC |
---|---|---|
0 | Reserved | - |
1 | Destination Unreachable | RFC 4443 |
2 | Packet Too Big | RFC 4443 |
3 | Time Exceeded | RFC 4443 |
4 | Parameter Problem | RFC 4443 |
100 | Private experimentation | RFC 4443 |
101 | Private experimentation | RFC 4443 |
102-126 | Unassigned | - |
127 | Reserved for expansion of ICMPv6 error messages | RFC 4443 |
128 | Echo Request | RFC 4443 |
129 | Echo Reply | RFC 4443 |
130 | Multicast Listener Query | RFC 2710 |
131 | Multicast Listener Report | RFC 2710 |
132 | Multicast Listener Done | RFC 2710 |
133 | Router Solicitation | RFC 4861 |
134 | Router Advertisement | RFC 4861 |
135 | Neighbor Solicitation | RFC 4861 |
136 | Neighbor Advertisement | RFC 4861 |
137 | Redirect Message | RFC 4861 |
138 | Router Renumbering | Matt_Crawford |
139 | ICMP Node Information Query | RFC 4620 |
140 | ICMP Node Information Response | RFC 4620 |
141 | Inverse Neighbor Discovery Solicitation Message | RFC 3122 |
142 | Inverse Neighbor Discovery Advertisement Message | RFC 3122 |
143 | Version 2 Multicast Listener Report | RFC 3810 |
144 | Home Agent Address Discovery Request Message | RFC 6275 |
145 | Home Agent Address Discovery Reply Message | RFC 6275 |
146 | Mobile Prefix Solicitation | RFC 6275 |
147 | Mobile Prefix Advertisement | RFC 6275 |
148 | Certification Path Solicitation Message | RFC 3971 |
149 | Certification Path Advertisement Message | RFC 3971 |
150 | ICMP messages utilized by experimental mobility protocols such as Seamoby | RFC 4065 |
151 | Multicast Router Advertisement | RFC 4286 |
152 | Multicast Router Solicitation | RFC 4286 |
153 | Multicast Router Termination | RFC 4286 |
154 | FMIPv6 Messages | RFC 5568 |
155 | RPL Control Message | RFC 6550 |
156 | ILNPv6 Locator Update Message | RFC 6743 |
157 | Duplicate Address Request | RFC 6775 |
158 | Duplicate Address Confirmation | RFC 6775 |
159-199 | Unassigned | - |
200 | Private experimentation | RFC 4443 |
201 | Private experimentation | RFC 4443 |
255 | Reserved for expansion of ICMPv6 informational messages | RFC 4443 |
�\3�@ICMPv6 Type�ꗗ |
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