ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスRFC 4861ソスフ難ソスソス{ソスソスソスiソスaソスソスjソスナゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ翻ソスソスソスソスeソスフ撰ソスソスmソスソスソスヘ保擾ソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス゚、 ソスソスソスmソスネ知ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚ゑソスソスソスヘ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソスQソスニゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB ソス|ソスソスメはゑソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト読者ゑソスソスソス闢セソスソス@ソスソスソスネる損ソスQソスフ責任ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソスソスソスフ翻ソスソスソスソスeソスノ鯉ソス閧ェソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスソスソスナの鯉ソスソスJソスソスAソスソスソスフ指ソスEソスヘ適ソスリでゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ配ソスzソスヘ鯉ソスソスフRソスeソスbソスソスソスlソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB
Network Working Group T. Narten Request for Comments: 4861 IBM Obsoletes: 2461 E. Nordmark Category: Standards Track Sun Microsystems W. Simpson Daydreamer H. Soliman Elevate Technologies September 2007 Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6) ソスhソスoソスoソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスUソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスjソスフ近隣探ソスソス Status of This Memo ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスソス This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスフのゑソスソス゚のイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスニ抵ソスソスフプ ソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスwソス閧オソスト、ソスソスソスソスソスト会ソスソスヌのゑソスソス゚に議ソス_ソスニ抵ソストゑソスソスソスソス゚まゑソスソスBソスWソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスヤとゑソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスヤは「ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスWソスソスソスvソスiソスrソスsソスc ソスPソスjソスフ鯉ソスソスンの版ゑソスソスQソスニゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスフ配ソスzソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB Abstract ソスTソスv This document specifies the Neighbor Discovery protocol for IP Version 6. IPv6 nodes on the same link use Neighbor Discovery to discover each other's presence, to determine each other's link-layer addresses, to find routers, and to maintain reachability information about the paths to active neighbors. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘIソスoソスoソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスUソスフゑソスソス゚の近隣探ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスwソス閧オソスワゑソスソスBソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスフIソスoソスソスソスUソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスフ托ソスソスンゑソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスAソスソスソスンゑソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスw ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧オソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスAソスソスソス中ソスフ隣人ソスヨの可難ソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスロ趣ソス ソスソスソス驍スソス゚に近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Table of Contents ソスレ趣ソス 1. Introduction 1. ソスヘゑソスソス゚ゑソス 2. Terminology 2. ソスpソスソス 2.1. General 2.1. ソスソスソス 2.2. Link Types 2.2. ソスソスソスソスソスNソス^ソスCソスv 2.3. Addresses 2.3. ソスAソスhソスソスソスX 2.4. Requirements 2.4. ソスKソスvソスソスソスソス 3. Protocol Overview 3. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスTソスv 3.2. Supported Link Types 3.2. ソスホ象とゑソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソス^ソスCソスv 3.3. Securing Neighbor Discovery Messages 3.3. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスSソスノゑソスソス驍アソスソス 4. Message Formats 4. ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg 4.1. Router Solicitation Message Format 4.1. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg 4.2. Router Advertisement Message Format 4.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg 4.3. Neighbor Solicitation Message Format 4.3. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg 4.4. Neighbor Advertisement Message Format 4.4. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg 4.5. Redirect Message Format 4.5. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg 4.6. Option Formats 4.6. ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg 4.6.1. Source/Target Link-layer Address 4.6.1. ソス\ソス[ソスXソス^ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX 4.6.2. Prefix Information 4.6.2. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス 4.6.3. Redirected Header 4.6.3. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ 4.6.4. MTU 4.6.4. ソスlソスsソスt 5. Conceptual Model of a Host 5. ソスzソスXソスgソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネソスソスfソスソス 5.1. Conceptual Data Structures 5.1. ソスTソスOソスIソスネデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソス 5.2. Conceptual Sending Algorithm 5.2. ソスTソスOソスIソスソスソスMソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソス 5.3. Garbage Collection and Timeout Requirements 5.3. ソスKソスxソス[ソスWソスRソスソスソスNソスVソスソスソスソスソスニタソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスソスソスソス 6. Router and Prefix Discovery 6. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスニプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスTソスソス 6.1. Message Validation 6.1. ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスmソスF 6.1.1. Validation of Router Solicitation Messages 6.1.1. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ確ソスF 6.1.2. Validation of Router Advertisement Messages 6.1.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ確ソスF 6.2. Router Specification 6.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスdソスl 6.2.1. Router Configuration Variables 6.2.1. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスン抵ソスマ撰ソス 6.2.2. Becoming an Advertising Interface 6.2.2. ソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノなるこソスソス 6.2.3. Router Advertisement Message Content 6.2.3. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスe 6.2.4. Sending Unsolicited Router Advertisements 6.2.4. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM 6.2.5. Ceasing To Be an Advertising Interface 6.2.5. ソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス~ソス゚ゑソス 6.2.6. Processing Router Solicitations 6.2.6. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソス 6.2.7. Router Advertisement Consistency 6.2.7. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス 6.2.8. Link-local Address Change 6.2.8. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスマ更 6.3. Host Specification 6.3. ソスzソスXソスgソスdソスl 6.3.1. Host Configuration Variables 6.3.1. ソスzソスXソスgソスン抵ソスマ撰ソス 6.3.2. Host Variables 6.3.2. ソスzソスXソスgソスマ撰ソス 6.3.3. Interface Initialization 6.3.3. ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス 6.3.4. Processing Received Router Advertisements 6.3.4. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスソスソスソス 6.3.5. Timing out Prefixes and Default Routers 6.3.5. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスニデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ 6.3.6. Default Router Selection 6.3.6. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスIソスソス 6.3.7. Sending Router Solicitations 6.3.7. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM 7. Address Resolution and Neighbor Unreachability Detection 7. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスニ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソス 7.1. Message Validation 7.1. ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスmソスF 7.1.1. Validation of Neighbor Solicitations 7.1.1. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスフ確ソスF 7.1.2. Validation of Neighbor Advertisements 7.1.2. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ確ソスF 7.2. Address Resolution 7.2. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソス 7.2.1. Interface Initialization 7.2.1. ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス 7.2.2. Sending Neighbor Solicitations 7.2.2. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM 7.2.3. Receipt of Neighbor Solicitations 7.2.3. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスフ趣ソスM 7.2.4. Sending Solicited Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.4. ソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM 7.2.5. Receipt of Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.5. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ趣ソスM 7.2.6. Sending Unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.6. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソス送るこソスソス 7.2.7. Anycast Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.7. ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣広ソスソス 7.2.8. Proxy Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.8. ソスvソスソスソスNソスVソス゚隣広ソスソス 7.3. Neighbor Unreachability Detection 7.3. ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソス 7.3.1. Reachability Confirmation 7.3.1. ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスF 7.3.2. Neighbor Cache Entry States 7.3.2. ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレの擾ソスソス 7.3.3. Node Behavior 7.3.3. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソス 8. Redirect Function 8. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソス@ソス\ 8.1. Validation of Redirect Messages 8.1. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ確ソスF 8.2. Router Specification 8.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスdソスl 8.3. Host Specification 8.3. ソスzソスXソスgソスdソスl 9. Extensibility - Option Processing 9. ソスgソスソス - ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス 10. Protocol Constants 10. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス關 11. Security Considerations 11. ソスZソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスフ考ソス@ 11.1. Threat Analysis 11.1. ソスソスソスミ包ソスソスソス 11.2. Securing Neighbor Discovery Messages 11.2. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ保擾ソス 12. Renumbering Considerations 12. ソスソスソスiソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスOソスフ考ソス@ 13. IANA Considerations 13. ソスhソス`ソスmソス`ソスフ考ソスソス 14. References 14. ソスQソスlソスソスソスソス 14.1. Normative References 14.1. ソスQソスニゑソスソスソスQソスlソスソスソスソス 14.2. Informative References 14.2. ソスLソスvソスネ参ソスlソスソスソスソス Appendix A: Multihomed Hosts ソスtソス^ソス`ソスFソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスzソスXソスg Appendix B: Future Extensions ソスtソス^ソスaソスFソスソスソスソスソスフ拡ソスソス Appendix C: State Machine for the Reachability State ソスtソス^ソスbソスFソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤの擾ソスヤ遷ソスソス Appendix D: Summary of IsRouter Rules ソスtソス^ソスcソスFISROUTERソスKソスソスソスフ要ソスソス Appendix E: Implementation Issues ソスtソス^ソスdソスFソスソスソスソスソスフ厄ソスソス Appendix F: Changes from RFC 2461 ソスtソス^ソスeソスFソスqソスeソスbソスQソスSソスUソスPソスソスソスソスフ変更 Acknowledgments ソスモ趣ソス 1. Introduction 1. ソスヘゑソスソス゚ゑソス This specification defines the Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol for Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6). Nodes (hosts and routers) use Neighbor Discovery to determine the link-layer addresses for neighbors known to reside on attached links and to quickly purge cached values that become invalid. Hosts also use Neighbor Discovery to find neighboring routers that are willing to forward packets on their behalf. Finally, nodes use the protocol to actively keep track of which neighbors are reachable and which are not, and to detect changed link-layer addresses. When a router or the path to a router fails, a host actively searches for functioning alternates. ソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスソスソスヘイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスEソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスoソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスUソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスjソスフ近暦ソス ソスTソスソスソスiNDソスjソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスmソス[ソスhソスiソスzソスXソスgソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスjソスフ接托ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスラ人ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧オソスAソスソスソスホやくソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス ソスlソスソスソス除ソスソスソス驍スソス゚近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソス]ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラ接ソスソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソス驍スソス゚難ソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスナ終ソスIソスノ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスヌの隣人 ソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスナどの隣人ソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスナなゑソスソスソスソスマ極的ソスノ追跡ゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソス ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ変会ソスソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソス驍スソス゚にプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソス驍「ソスヘソスソス[ ソス^ソスヨのパソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスマ極的ソスノ代理ソスソス{ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Unless specified otherwise (in a document that covers operating IP over a particular link type) this document applies to all link types. However, because ND uses link-layer multicast for some of its services, it is possible that on some link types (e.g., Non-Broadcast Multi-Access (NBMA) links), alternative protocols or mechanisms to implement those services will be specified (in the appropriate document covering the operation of IP over a particular link type). The services described in this document that are not directly dependent on multicast, such as Redirects, Next-hop determination, Neighbor Unreachability Detection, etc., are expected to be provided as specified in this document. The details of how one uses ND on NBMA links are addressed in [IPv6-NBMA]. In addition, [IPv6-3GPP] and[IPv6-CELL] discuss the use of this protocol over some cellular links, which are examples of NBMA links. ソスソスソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスハゑソスソスLソスqソスソスソス髟カソスソスソスjソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスA ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスラてのソスソスソスソスNソスソスハに難ソスソストはまゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスmソスcソスソス ソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスフゑソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスナソスソスソスソスNソスwソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソス゚、ソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスフソス ソスソスソスNソスソスハ(ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスuソスソスソス[ソスhソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスフマソスソスソス`ソスAソスNソスZソスXソスiNBMAソスjソスソスソスソスソスNソスj ソスナは、ソスソスソスソスソスフサソス[ソスrソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚の托ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソス驍「ソスヘソス ソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスハゑソスソスLソスqソスソスソスソスKソスリな包ソスソスソスソスナ)ソスw ソス閧ウソスソス驍アソスニはゑソスソス閧ヲソスワゑソスソスBソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスノ抵ソスソスレ的ソスネ依托ソスソスフなゑソスソスソスソスフ包ソス ソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソス黷スソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスAソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスAソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフ確ソスソスAソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソス ソスソスソスソスソスネどは、ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ提供ゑソスソスソスソスニ予ソスzソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスm ソスaソスmソス`ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスナNソスcソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソス@ソスフ詳細ゑソス[IPv6-NBMA]ソスナ茨ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソス ソスソスソスト、[IPv6-3GPP]ソスソス[IPv6-CELL]ソスソスソスANBMAソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ1ソスソスナゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスgソスソス ソスdソスbソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスナのゑソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ使ソスpソスソス_ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 2. Terminology 2. ソスpソスソス 2.1. General 2.1. ソスソスソス IP - Internet Protocol Version 6. The terms IPv4 and IPv6 are used only in contexts where necessary to avoid ambiguity. IP - ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスEソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスoソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスUソスBソスpソスソスhソスoソスソスソスSソスソス ソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に必ソスvソスナゑソスソスソス鼾ソスノゑソス ソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol for the Internet Protocol Version 6. The terms ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 are used only in contexts where necessary to avoid ambiguity. ICMP - ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスEソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスoソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスUソスフゑソスソス゚のイソスソスソス^ソス[ ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスRソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスBソスpソスソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソス ソスSソスニIソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に必ソスvソスナゑソスソスソス ソス鼾ソスノ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB node - a device that implements IP. ソスmソス[ソスh - ソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソス髑包ソスuソスB router - a node that forwards IP packets not explicitly addressed to itself. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ - ソスソスソスソスソスIソスノ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスナはなゑソスソスhソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス]ソスソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスB host - any node that is not a router. ソスzソスXソスg - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスナなゑソスソスSソストのノソス[ソスhソスB upper layer - a protocol layer immediately above IP. Examples are transport protocols such as TCP and UDP, control protocols such as ICMP, routing protocols such as OSPF, and Internet-layer (or lower-layer) protocols being "tunneled" over (i.e., encapsulated in) IP such as Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX), AppleTalk, or IP itself. ソスソスハ層 - ソスhソスoソスフゑソスソスソスソスソスノプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスwソスBソスソスホTソスbソスoソスソスtソスcソスoソスフようソスソス ソスAソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスAソスhソスbソスlソスoソスフようソスネ撰ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスA ソスnソスrソスoソスeソスフようソスネソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスAソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスb ソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスiソスhソスoソスwソスjソスソスAソスbソスvソスソスソスgソス[ソスNソスソスhソスoソスソス ソスgソスフ様ソスネIソスoソスソスソスソスuソスgソスソスソスlソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスiソスツまゑソスAソスJソスvソスZソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスjソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスwソスiソスソスソスヘ会ソスソスハ層ソスjソスナゑソスソスB link - a communication facility or medium over which nodes can communicate at the link layer, i.e., the layer immediately below IP. Examples are Ethernets (simple or bridged), PPP links, X.25, Frame Relay, or ATM networks as well as Internet-layer (or higher-layer) "tunnels", such as tunnels over IPv4 or IPv6 itself. ソスソスソスソスソスN - ソスソスソスフ擾ソスナノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスハ信ソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスハ信ソス@ソス\ソスソスソス驍「ソスヘソス ソスfソスBソスAソスAソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソスソスソスノIソスoソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスフ層ソスBソス痰ヲソスホ(ソスPソスソスソスネ、 ソスソスソス驍「ソスヘブソスソスソスbソスWソスjソスCソス[ソスTソスlソスbソスgソスソスAソスoソスoソスoソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスA ソスwソスDソスQソスTソスソスAソスtソスソスソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスAソスhソスoソスソスソスSソスソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスgソスソス ソスソスフトソスソスソスlソスソスソスネどイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスiソスソスソスソスハ層ソスjソスuソスgソスソスソスlソスソスソスv ソスナゑソスソスB interface - a node's attachment to a link. ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスX - ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスヨ接托ソスソスソスソス髟費ソスiソスB neighbors - nodes attached to the same link. ソスラ人ソス| - ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスノ接托ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスB address - an IP-layer identifier for an interface or a set of interfaces. ソスAソスhソスソスソスX - ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスWソスソスソスフIソスoソスwソスソスソスハ子ソスB anycast address - an identifier for a set of interfaces (typically belonging to different nodes). A packet sent to an anycast address is delivered to one of the interfaces identified by that address (the "nearest" one, according to the routing protocol's measure of distance). See [ADDR-ARCH]. ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスX - ソスiソスソスハに異なゑソスmソス[ソスhソスノ托ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスjソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ ソスXソスWソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスハ子ソスBソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソスソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスナ趣ソスソスハゑソスソス黷スソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフ1ソスツに配ソスBソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスiソスソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ具ソスソスソスソスフ概ソスOソスノゑソスソスuソスナゑソスソス゚ゑソスソスv ソスフイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスヨ)ソスB[ADDR-ARCH]ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Note that an anycast address is syntactically indistinguishable from a unicast address. Thus, nodes sending packets to anycast addresses don't generally know that an anycast address is being used. Throughout the rest of this document, references to unicast addresses also apply to anycast addresses in those cases where the node is unaware that a unicast address is actually an anycast address. ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ構ソスソスソス緕ッソスソス ソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚エソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスハにエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスmソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ残ソスソスナ、ソスソス ソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスノノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスg ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスロにエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニに気ソスtソスソス ソスネゑソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスソスヘエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノゑソスソスソスソストはまゑソスワゑソスソスB prefix - a bit string that consists of some number of initial bits of an address. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX - ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ先頭ソスフゑソスソスソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスフビソスbソスgソスソスB link-layer address - a link-layer identifier for an interface. Examples include IEEE 802 addresses for Ethernet links. ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスソスソスハ子ソスAソス痰ヲソスホイソス[ソスTソス[ソスlソスbソスg ソスソスソスソスソスNソスフIソスdソスdソスdソスWソスOソスQソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスB on-link - an address that is assigned to an interface on a specified link. A node considers an address to be on- link if: ソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスN - ソスwソス閧ウソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスノイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソスソスソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスネ会ソスソスフ場合ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスニ考ソスソスソスソスF - it is covered by one of the link's prefixes (e.g., as indicated by the on-link flag in the Prefix Information option), or - ソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフオソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスNソスtソスソスソスOソスナ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスソスソスソスソスNソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ1ソスソス ソスJソスoソス[ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスB - a neighboring router specifies the address as the target of a Redirect message, or - ソスラ接ゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスソスソスAソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ対象にア ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスwソス閧キソス驍ゥソスA - a Neighbor Advertisement message is received for the (target) address, or - ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスAソスiソスレ標ソスjソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対ゑソスソスト趣ソス ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスA - any Neighbor Discovery message is received from the address. - ソスソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスB off-link - the opposite of "on-link"; an address that is not assigned to any interfaces on the specified link. ソスIソスtソスソスソスソスソスN - "ソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスN"ソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスホ;ソスwソス閧ウソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ ソスXソスノ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB longest prefix match - the process of determining which prefix (if any) in a set of prefixes covers a target address. A target address is covered by a prefix if all of the bits in the prefix match the left-most bits of the target address. When multiple prefixes cover an address, the longest prefix is the one that matches. ソスナ抵ソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスv - ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ集ソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスソスヌのプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスN ソスXソスソスソスレ的ソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソス閧キソスソスvソスソスソスZソスXソスBソスレ的ソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフビソスbソスgソスフゑソスソスラてゑソスソスレ的ソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスフ搾ソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフビソスbソスgソスノ茨ソスvソスソスソスソスネゑソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスノ托ソス ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ茨ソスvソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスA ソスナゑソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスワゑソスソスB reachability - whether or not the one-way "forward" path to a neighbor is functioning properly. In particular, whether packets sent to a neighbor are reaching the IP layer on the neighboring machine and are being processed properly by the receiving IP layer. For neighboring routers, reachability means that packets sent by a node's IP layer are delivered to the router's IP layer, and the router is indeed forwarding packets (i.e., it is configured as a router, not a host). For hosts, reachability means that packets sent by a node's IP layer are delivered to the neighbor host's IP layer. ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソス - ソス゚隣への茨ソスソスソスソスソスuソスOソスソスソスvソスpソスXソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ搾ソスpソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスロゑソスソスB ソスソスソスノ、ソスラ人ソスノ托ソスソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスラ接ゑソスソスソス}ソスVソスソスソスフ擾ソスフIソスo ソスwソスノ届ゑソスソスAソスソスMソスhソスoソスwソスノゑソスソスソスト撰ソスソスmソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスロゑソス ソスフ趣ソスソスナゑソスソスBソスラ接ソスソス[ソス^ソスノ対ゑソスソストの可難ソスソスBソスソスソスヘ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスフIソスo ソスwソスノゑソスソスソスト托ソスソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフIソスoソスwソスノ配ソスBソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソストソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ趣ソスソスロはパソスPソスbソスgソスソス]ソスソスソスソス ソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスiソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ、ソスzソスXソスgソスナはなゑソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニゑソスソスト設定さ ソスソス驍スソス゚)ソスBソスzソスXソスgソスノ対ゑソスソスソスAソスツ難ソスソスBソスソスソスヘノソス[ソスhソスフIソスoソスwソスソス ソス迹暦ソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソス゚隣ホソスXソスgソスフIソスoソスwソスノ配ソスBソスソスソスソス驍アソスソス ソスソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB packet - an IP header plus payload. ソスpソスPソスbソスg - ソスhソスoソスwソスbソス_ソス[ソスニペソスCソスソスソス[ソスhソスB link MTU - the maximum transmission unit, i.e., maximum packet size in octets, that can be conveyed in one transmission unit over a link. ソスソスソスソスソスN MTU - ソスナ大送ソスMソスソスソスjソスbソスgソスTソスCソスYソスAソスソスソスネわちソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスナ1ソス]ソスソスソスPソスソス ソスナ托ソスソスソスソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスPソスハでの最托ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスTソスCソスYソスナゑソスソスB target - an address about which address resolution information is sought, or an address that is the new first hop when being redirected. ソスレ標 - ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスが探ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスAソスVソスソスソスネ転ソスソスソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスB proxy - a node that responds to Neighbor Discovery query messages on behalf of another node. A router acting on behalf of a mobile node that has moved off-link could potentially act as a proxy for the mobile node. ソスvソスソスソスNソスV - ソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスフ近隣探ソスソスソス竝ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ返難ソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスB ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス逞」ソス黷スソスレ難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフゑソスソス゚に行ソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驛具ソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスAソスレ難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフゑソスソス゚に撰ソスソスン的ソスノプソスソスソスNソスVソスフ厄ソスソス務めゑソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB ICMP destination unreachable indication - an error indication returned to the original sender of a packet that cannot be delivered for the reasons outlined in [ICMPv6]. If the error occurs on a node other than the node originating the packet, an ICMP error message is generated. If the error occurs on the originating node, an implementation is not required to actually create and send an ICMP error packet to the source, as long as the upper-layer sender is notified through an appropriate mechanism (e.g., return value from a procedure call). Note, however, that an implementation may find it convenient in some cases to return errors to the sender by taking the offending packet, generating an ICMP error message, and then delivering it (locally) through the generic error- handling routines. ソスソスソスBソスsソスツ能ソスネIソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスソス\ソスソスソスB - [ICMPv6]ソスナ概ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスRソスナ配ソスBソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ托ソス ソスMソスメに返ゑソスソスソスソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスハ。ソスソスソスソスソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ ソスhソスネ外ソスフノソス[ソスhソスナ起ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスhソスbソスlソスoソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスoソスソスソス_ソスフノソス[ソスhソスナ起ソスソスソスソスネゑソスA ソスソスハ層ソスソスソスMソスメへ適ソスリなソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスト通知ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスiソスvソスソスソスVソス[ソスWソスソスソスト出ソスソスソスフ返ゑソスlソスネど)ソスAソスソスソスロにIソスbソスlソスoソスGソスソスソス[ ソスpソスPソスbソスgソス生撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスメに返ゑソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソス鼾ソスA ソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスニ具ソスソスノIソスbソスlソスoソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス生撰ソスソスソスソスA ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスハ的ソスネエソスソスソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス`ソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスト(ソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスノ) ソスzソスBソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスヨ暦ソスソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニに気ソステゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB random delay - when sending out messages, it is sometimes necessary to delay a transmission for a random amount of time in order to prevent multiple nodes from transmitting at exactly the same time, or to prevent long-range periodic transmissions from synchronizing with each other [SYNC]. When a random component is required, a node calculates the actual delay in such a way that the computed delay forms a uniformly distributed random value that falls between the specified minimum and maximum delay times. The implementor must take care to ensure that the granularity of the calculated random component and the resolution of the timer used are both high enough to ensure that the probability of multiple nodes delaying the same amount of time is small. ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスxソスソス - ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送る時ソスAソスソスソスホゑソスソスホソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスネ遅ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソス ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送信ソスソス ソス謔、ソスニゑソスソスソスフゑソスjソス~ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスネ托ソスソスン難ソスソスソス[SYNC]ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚でゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスvソスfソスソスソスKソスvソスネ趣ソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスwソス閧ウ ソス黷スソスナ擾ソスソスEソスナ托ソスxソスソスソスソスソスヤの間の茨ソスlソスソスソスzソスナ趣ソスソスロの遅ソスソスソスハゑソスソスv ソスZソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスメは計ソスZソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスvソスfソスフ撰ソスソスxソスニ、ソスgソスp ソスソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス[ソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスナ茨ソスvソスソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソス驍オソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソスB random delay seed - if a pseudo-random number generator is used in calculating a random delay component, the generator should be initialized with a unique seed prior to being used. Note that it is not sufficient to use the interface identifier alone as the seed, since interface identifiers will not always be unique. To reduce the probability that duplicate interface identifiers cause the same seed to be used, the seed should be calculated from a variety of input sources (e.g., machine components) that are likely to be different even on identical "boxes". For example, the seed could be formed by combining the CPU's serial number with an interface identifier. Additional information on randomness and random number generation can be found in [RAND]. ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスxソスソスソスソス - ソスソスソスソスソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスxソスソスソスvソスfソスソスソスvソスZソスソスソスソスロに使 ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスヘ使ソスpソスOソスノソスソスjソス[ソスNソスネ趣ソスナ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスハ子ソスソスソスソスノソスソスjソス[ソスNソスニは鯉ソス ソスソスネゑソスソスフで、ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスハ子ソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスト用ソスソスソスソスフでゑソス ソス\ソスソスソスナはなゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスdソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスX ソスソスソスハ子ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソス゚、ソスソスヘ難ソスソスソスフ「ソス{ソスb ソスNソスXソスvソスソスナでゑソスソスルなゑソスソストゑソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスいソスソスネソソス[ソスXソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソス}ソスVソスソスソスRソスソスソス|ソス[ソスlソスソスソスgソスjソスソスソスソスv ソスZソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスヘCソスoソスtソスVソスソスソスAソスソスソスヤ搾ソスソスニイソスソス ソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスハ子ソスソスソスツなゑソスソスソスソスニで撰ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスGソスソスソスニ暦ソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノつゑソスソストの追会ソスソスソスソス[RAND]ソスノゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 2.2. Link Types 2.2. ソスソスソスソスソスNソス^ソスCソスv Different link layers have different properties. The ones of concern to Neighbor Discovery are: ソスルなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスソスソスルなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣探ソスソスソスヨの関心ソスソスソスソスソスツソスソスソス ソスNソスヘ以会ソスソスナゑソスソスF multicast capable - a link that supports a native mechanism at the link layer for sending packets to all (i.e., broadcast) or a subset of all neighbors. ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスg - ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスナパソスPソスbソスgソスソスSソストのノソス[ソスhソスノ托ソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスu ソスソスソス[ソスhソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスjソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスフ隣人ソスWソスソスソスノ托ソスソス驛ソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスB point-to-point - a link that connects exactly two interfaces. A point-to-point link is assumed to have multicast capability and a link-local address. ソス|ソスCソスソスソスgソス|ソスCソスソスソスg - ソスソスソスmソスノ2ソスツのイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスヤソスソスソスソスNソスBソス|ソスCソスソスソスg ソス|ソスCソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス\ソスヘとソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスツと考ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB non-broadcast multi-access (NBMA) - a link to which more than two interfaces can attach, but that does not support a native form of multicast or broadcast (e.g., X.25, ATM, frame relay, etc.). Note that all link types (including NBMA) are expected to provide multicast service for applications that need it (e.g., using multicast servers). However, it is an issue for further study whether ND should use such facilities or an alternate mechanism that provides the equivalent multicast capability for ND. ソスソスuソスソスソス[ソスhソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス}ソスソスソス`ソスAソスNソスZソスXソスiNBMAソスj - ソスQソスツ以擾ソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスレ托ソスソスナゑソスソス驍ェソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソス{ソスソスソスソス ソス`ソスフマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスuソスソスソス[ソスhソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスノ対会ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスNソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスwソスDソスQソスTソスAソス`ソスsソスlソスAソスtソスソスソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスネど)ソスB ソスiソスmソスaソスlソス`ソスソスソスワめ)ソスソスソスラてのソスソスソスソスNソスソスハゑソスソスAソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスX ソスgソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスPソス[ソスVソスソスソスソスソスノマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスX ソスgソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソス供ゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフに抵ソスソスモゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスTソス[ソスoソス[ソスソスソスgソスソスソスト)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスフようソスネ能ソスヘや同ソスソスソスフマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス\ ソスヘゑソス供ゑソスソスソスソスヨ趣ソスiソスソスソスAソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスツゑソスソストは、ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスソスロ托ソスナゑソスソスB shared media - a link that allows direct communication among a number of nodes, but attached nodes are configured in such a way that they do not have complete prefix information for all on-link destinations. That is, at the IP level, nodes on the same link may not know that they are neighbors; by default, they communicate through a router. Examples are large (switched) public data networks such as Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) and Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN). Also known as "large clouds". See [SH-MEDIA]. ソスソスソスLソスソスソスfソスBソスA - ソスソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスニ抵ソスソスレ通信ソスナゑソスソス驍ェソスAソスSソストのソスソスソスソスNソスソスフ茨ソスソスソス ソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ奇ソスソスSソスネ擾ソスソスソスン定さソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスB ソスソスソスネわちソスAソスhソスoソスソスソスxソスソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスンゑソス ソスノ近隣でゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスmソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスg ソスナゑソスソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスソスハゑソスソスト通信ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス ソスXソスCソスbソス`ソスh ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスソスソスKソスrソスbソスg ソスfソス[ソス^ソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスiソスrソスlソスcソスrソスjソスソスLソスム茨ソス ソスソスソスソスソスfソスBソスWソス^ソスソスソスハ信ソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスヤ(ソスaソス|ソスhソスrソスcソスmソスjソスフようソスソス ソス蛯ォソスソスソスiソスソスソスソスソスjソスソスソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスナゑソスソスB ソスuソス蛯ォソスソス ソス_ソスvソスニゑソスソスト知ソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスB[SH-MEDIA]ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB variable MTU - a link that does not have a well-defined MTU (e.g., IEEE 802.5 token rings). Many links (e.g., Ethernet) have a standard MTU defined by the link- layer protocol or by the specific document describing how to run IP over the link layer. ソスツ変Mソスsソスt - ソスソスソスmソスネMソスsソスtソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、IEEE 802.5ソスgソス[ ソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスOソスjソスBソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスCソス[ソスTソスlソスbソスgソスjソスナ、 ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス窿奇ソスソスソスNソスwソスナIソスoソスソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスさソスソスソス驍ゥ ソスLソスqソスソスソス髟カソスソスソスナ抵ソス`ソスソスソス黷スソスAソスWソスソスソスlソスsソスtソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB asymmetric reachability - a link where non-reflexive and/or non-transitive reachability is part of normal operation. (Non- reflexive reachability means packets from A reach B, but packets from B don't reach A. Non-transitive reachability means packets from A reach B, and packets from B reach C, but packets from A don't reach C.) Many radio links exhibit these properties. ソスソスホ称難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソス - ソスWソスソスソスIソスネ運ソスpソスフ一部ソスナ非反射的ソスソスソスソスハ過の難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスBソスiソス反射の難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスヘAソスソスソスソスaソスノパソスPソスbソスg ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ェソスAソスaソスソスソスソス`ソスノ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニでゑソスソスBソスソスハ過ゑソス ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスヘAソスソスソスソスaソスニ、ソスaソスソスソスソスbソスノパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスA ソス`ソスソスソスソスbソスノ届ゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスjソスソスソスソスソスフ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスフ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 2.3. Addresses 2.3. ソスAソスhソスソスソスX Neighbor Discovery makes use of a number of different addresses defined in [ADDR-ARCH], including: ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソス[ADDR-ARCH]ソスナ抵ソス`ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスフ異なゑソスAソスhソスソスソスXソス利用ソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソス ソスソスヘ会ソスソスLソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスF all-nodes multicast address - the link-local scope address to reach all nodes, FF02::1. ソスSソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB - ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスフ範囲の全ソスmソス[ソスhソスノ達ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB FF02::1 all-routers multicast address - the link-local scope address to reach all routers, FF02::2. ソスSソスソスソス[ソス^ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB - ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスフ範囲の全ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノ達ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB FF02::2 solicited-node multicast address - a link-local scope multicast address that is computed as a function of the solicited target's address. The function is described in [ADDR-ARCH]. The function is chosen so that IP addresses that differ only in the most significant bits, e.g., due to multiple prefixes associated with different providers, will map to the same solicited-node address thereby reducing the number of multicast addresses a node must join at the link layer. ソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスX - ソスソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスvソスZソスソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスヘ囲マソスソス ソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスvソスZソスソス[ADDR-ARCH]ソスノ記ソスqソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソス痰ヲソスホ異なゑソスvソスソスソスoソスCソス_ソスノ鯉ソスソスム付ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソス ソスソスソスAソスナ擾ソスハビソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスルなる複ソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスAソスソスソスソス轤ェソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ計ソスZ ソスソスソス@ソスソスソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスナノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスナ参ソスソスソスソスソスソス} ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソス轤オソストまゑソスソスB link-local address - a unicast address having link-only scope that can be used to reach neighbors. All interfaces on routers MUST have a link-local address. Also, [ADDRCONF] requires that interfaces on hosts have a link-local address. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX - ソス゚隣に届ゑソスソスソスソス゚に使ソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスフ範囲のソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスg ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスソスソスラてのソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスフ擾ソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスヘソスソスソス ソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスA[ADDRCONF]ソスヘホソスXソスgソスフ擾ソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスネアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスvソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB unspecified address - a reserved address value that indicates the lack of an address (e.g., the address is unknown). It is never used as a destination address, but may be used as a source address if the sender does not (yet) know its own address (e.g., while verifying an address is unused during stateless address autoconfiguration [ADDRCONF]). The unspecified address has a value of 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0. ソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX - ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスネゑソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスmソスjソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス\ソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスlソスBソスソスソスソスヘ鯉ソスソスソスソスト茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニゑソスソスト用 ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスが、ソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスiソスワゑソスソスjソスソスソス齊ゥソスgソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスm ソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスiソス痰ヲソスホ擾ソスヤなゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスmADDRCONFソスn ソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスリの間に使ソスソスソスjソスAソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニゑソスソスト用ソスソスソスソス ソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0ソスフ値ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Note that this specification does not strictly comply with the consistency requirements in [ADDR-SEL] for the scopes of source and destination addresses. It is possible in some cases for hosts to use a source address of a larger scope than the destination address in the IPv6 header. ソスソスソスソスソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスニ、ソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスソスソスソス[ADDR-SEL]ソスフソソス[ソスXソスニ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ囲の茨ソスソス ソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスノ、ソス]ソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスwソスbソス_ ソスナ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソスヘ囲のソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニはゑソスソスソス鼾ソスノゑソス ソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスB 2.4. Requirements 2.4. ソスKソスvソスソスソスソス The keywords MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD, SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED, MAY, and OPTIONAL, when they appear in this document, are to be interpreted as described in [KEYWORDS]. ソスLソス[ソスソスソス[ソスhMUSTソスソスMUST NOTソスソスREQUIREDソスソスSHALLソスソスSHALL NOTソスソスSHOULDソスソスSHOULD NOTソスソスRECOMMENDEDソスソスMAYソスソスOPTIONALソスソス[KEYWORDS]ソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ会ソスソス゚ゑソス ソスワゑソスソスB This document also makes use of internal conceptual variables to describe protocol behavior and external variables that an implementation must allow system administrators to change. The specific variable names, how their values change, and how their settings influence protocol behavior are provided to demonstrate protocol behavior. An implementation is not required to have them in the exact form described here, so long as its external behavior is consistent with that described in this document. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ難ソスソスソスニ、ソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメゑソスソスマ更ソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスソス ソスソスソスOソスソスソスマ撰ソスソスソスソスLソスqソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスソスソスソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネ変撰ソスソス利用ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスフ包ソス ソスソスソスソスソスニ、ソスマ撰ソスソスlソスソスマゑソスソスソスソスソス@ソスニ、ソスマ撰ソスソスン定がソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスソスノ影ソスソスソスソス^ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス@ソスヘ、ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に具ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスOソスソスソスソスソスがソスソスソスフ包ソス ソスソスソスノ記ソスqソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフと茨ソスムゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソス黷スソスフと撰ソス ソスmソスノ難ソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソスナゑソスソス骼厄ソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB 3. Protocol Overview 3. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスTソスv This protocol solves a set of problems related to the interaction between nodes attached to the same link. It defines mechanisms for solving each of the following problems: ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスノ置ソスソスソス黷スソスmソス[ソスhソスフ間に対話ソスニ関係ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスフ厄ソスソスフゑソスソス黷シソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソスワゑソスソスF Router Discovery: How hosts locate routers that reside on an attached link. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスFソスzソスXソスgソスノつなゑソスソスソスソストるリソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスフ場所ソスソスヒゑソス ソス~ソス゚ゑソスソスソス@ソスB Prefix Discovery: How hosts discover the set of address prefixes that define which destinations are on-link for an attached link. (Nodes use prefixes to distinguish destinations that reside on-link from those only reachable through a router.) ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスFソスzソスXソスgソスフ接托ソスソスソスソストるリソスソスソスNソスフ茨ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスv ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソス発鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスBソスiソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスノ位置ソスソス ソス驤カソスソスニ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスハゑソスソスト連ソスソスソスツ能ソスネ茨ソスソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソス驍スソス゚にプ ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスjソスB Parameter Discovery: How a node learns link parameters (such as the link MTU) or Internet parameters (such as the hop limit value) to place in outgoing packets. ソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスFソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスiソスソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソスフ様ソスネ)ソスソスソスソスソスNソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスA ソスソスソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ(ソスzソスbソスvソスソスソス~ソスbソスgソスフ様ソスネ)ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスp ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスwソスKソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスB Address Autoconfiguration: Introduces the mechanisms needed in order to allow nodes to configure an address for an interface in a stateless manner. Stateless address autoconfiguration is specified in [ADDRCONF]. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスFソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスヤなゑソスソスフ包ソスソス@ソスナイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソス\ソスソスソスソスン定すソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソス驍スソス゚に必ソスvソスニゑソスソスソス驛ソスJソスjソスY ソスソスソス導難ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスヤなゑソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン定が[ADDRCONF]ソスソス ソスwソス閧ウソスソスワゑソスソスB Address resolution: How nodes determine the link-layer address of an on-link destination (e.g., a neighbor) given only the destination's IP address. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスFソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスmソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフゑソスソスニで、 ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソス゚隣)ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キ ソスソスソスソス@ソスB Next-hop determination: The algorithm for mapping an IP destination address into the IP address of the neighbor to which traffic for the destination should be sent. The next- hop can be a router or the destination itself. ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスFソスhソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスラゑソスソスナ近隣ゑソス ソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソス得ゑソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスBソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスgソスナゑソスソスB Neighbor Unreachability Detection: How nodes determine that a neighbor is no longer reachable. For neighbors used as routers, alternate default routers can be tried. For both routers and hosts, address resolution can be performed again. ソス゚隣抵ソス~ソスソスソスソスソスFソスラ人ソスヨゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスツ能ソスナはなゑソスソスニ鯉ソスソス閧キソスソスソスソス@ソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスニゑソス ソスト用ソスソスソスソス黷スソス゚隣に対ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスニホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスナ、ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストび行ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Duplicate Address Detection: How a node determines whether or not an address it wishes to use is already in use by another node. ソスdソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスFソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソス]ソズアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスAソスソスソスノ托ソスソスフノソス[ソスh ソスノゑソスソスソスト使ソスpソスソスソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソスソス閧キソスソスソスソス@ソスB Redirect: How a router informs a host of a better first-hop node to reach a particular destination. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスFソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスノ届ゑソスソスソスソス゚にゑソスソスソスソスニ良ゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスmソス[ ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスニホソスXソスgソスノ知ソス轤ケソスソスソスソス@ソスB Neighbor Discovery defines five different ICMP packet types: A pair of Router Solicitation and Router Advertisement messages, a pair of Neighbor Solicitation and Neighbor Advertisements messages, and a Redirect message. The messages serve the following purpose: ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスTソスツの異なゑソスソスソスソスhソスbソスlソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソス^ソスCソスvソスソスソス`ソスソスソスワゑソスソスFソスソスソス[ソス^ソスv ソスソスソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ対と、ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスニ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ対と、 ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスBソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ趣ソスソスフ目的ソス満ゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF Router Solicitation: When an interface becomes enabled, hosts may send out Router Solicitations that request routers to generate Router Advertisements immediately rather than at their next scheduled time. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスFソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスgソスpソスツ能ソスノなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノ、 ソスソスソスフ予ソス閧ウソス黷スソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ前ソスノゑソスソスソスソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス生撰ソスソスソス ソストゑソスソス轤、ソスソスソス゚、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソス送ゑソスソストゑソスソス謔「ソスナゑソスソスB Router Advertisement: Routers advertise their presence together with various link and Internet parameters either periodically, or in response to a Router Solicitation message. Router Advertisements contain prefixes that are used for determining whether another address shares the same link (on-link determination) and/or address configuration, a suggested hop limit value, etc. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスFソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスノ、ソスソスソス驍「ソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ会ソスソスソス ソスト、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ托ソスソスンと趣ソスXソスネソスソスソスソスNソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスb ソスgソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソス驍ゥソスヌゑソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスiソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスjソスソスAソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスノ使ソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスAソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスlソスフ趣ソス ソスソスソスネどゑソスソスワみまゑソスソスB Neighbor Solicitation: Sent by a node to determine the link-layer address of a neighbor, or to verify that a neighbor is still reachable via a cached link-layer address. Neighbor Solicitations are also used for Duplicate Address Detection. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスFソス゚隣のソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍ゥソスAソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソス ソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ近隣にまゑソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスmソスソスソス゚るたソス゚ゑソス ソスmソス[ソスhソスノゑソスソスソスト托ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスdソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Neighbor Advertisement: A response to a Neighbor Solicitation message. A node may also send unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements to announce a link-layer address change. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスFソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ対ゑソスソスソス答。ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスフ変更ソスソスソスソスソス\ソスソスソス驍スソス゚に要ソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソス送るかソスソス ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Redirect: Used by routers to inform hosts of a better first hop for a destination. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスFソスソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚にゑソスソスソスソスニ良ゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ知ソス轤ケソス驍ス ソス゚にソスソス[ソス^ソスノゑソスソスソスト使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB On multicast-capable links, each router periodically multicasts a Router Advertisement packet announcing its availability. A host receives Router Advertisements from all routers, building a list of default routers. Routers generate Router Advertisements frequently enough that hosts will learn of their presence within a few minutes, but not frequently enough to rely on an absence of advertisements to detect router failure; a separate Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm provides failure detection. ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスホ会ソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスIソスノ各ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスLソスソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスmソス轤ケソス驍スソス゚托ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソス ソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフソスソスXソスgソスソスソス\ソスzソスソスソス驍スソス゚、ソスSソストのソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソス辜具ソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソスソス ソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネ難ソスソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスフ托ソスソスンゑソスmソスソスフに十ソスソスソスネ撰ソスソスフソスソス[ ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソス生撰ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスAソスLソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソス@ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスQソス発鯉ソスソスソスソスソスノは十ソスソスソスナゑソス ソスネゑソスソスAソスハの近隣抵ソス~ソスソスソスoソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスソスソスソスQソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Router Advertisements contain a list of prefixes used for on-link determination and/or autonomous address configuration; flags associated with the prefixes specify the intended uses of a particular prefix. Hosts use the advertised on-link prefixes to build and maintain a list that is used in deciding when a packet's destination is on-link or beyond a router. Note that a destination can be on-link even though it is not covered by any advertised on- link prefix. In such cases, a router can send a Redirect informing the sender that the destination is a neighbor. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスフ鯉ソスソスソスニ趣ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスフゑソスソス゚使ソスソスソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスGソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスノ関連ソスソスソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ使ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスwソス閧オソスワゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ茨ソスソス謔ェソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソス ソス驍ゥソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍スソス゚に、ソスLソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスLソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスノ含まゑソスネゑソスソスソス ソス謔ェソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス闢セソス驍アソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスナ托ソスソスMソスメに茨ソスソス謔ェソス゚隣でゑソスソスソスニ知ソス轤ケソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Router Advertisements (and per-prefix flags) allow routers to inform hosts how to perform Address Autoconfiguration. For example, routers can specify whether hosts should use DHCPv6 and/or autonomous (stateless) address configuration. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソスiソスニプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスtソスソスソスOソスjソスヘホソスXソスgソスノどのようソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスン抵ソスソスソスsソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスハ知ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソス ソスzソスXソスgソスソスDHCPv6ソス竡ゥソスソスソスiソスXソスeソス[ソスgソスソスソスXソスjソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスソスソスgソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソス ソスワゑソスソスB Router Advertisement messages also contain Internet parameters such as the hop limit that hosts should use in outgoing packets and, optionally, link parameters such as the link MTU. This facilitates centralized administration of critical parameters that can be set on routers and automatically propagated to all attached hosts. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスナ使ソスソスソスラゑソスソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスE ソスフようソスネイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスワみ、ソスCソスモでソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソスフようソスネソス ソスソスソスNソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ重ソスvソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ集ソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスソスeソスユにゑソスソスA ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノ設定すソス驍アソスニでソスソスソスソスNソスソスフホソスXソスgソスノ趣ソスソスソスソスン抵ソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Nodes accomplish address resolution by multicasting a Neighbor Solicitation that asks the target node to return its link-layer address. Neighbor Solicitation messages are multicast to the solicited-node multicast address of the target address. The target returns its link-layer address in a unicast Neighbor Advertisement message. A single request-response pair of packets is sufficient for both the initiator and the target to resolve each other's link-layer addresses; the initiator includes its link-layer address in the Neighbor Solicitation. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスノゑソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスヤゑソスソス謔、ソスノ暦ソスソズ近隣要ソスソスソスソスソス} ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス驍アソスニでアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスmソス[ソスhソスフマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヨのマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソス ソスXソスgソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナゑソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスヤゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ要ソスソスソスニ回答の対ゑソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスマ奇ソス ソスソスソス驍スソス゚に托ソスソスMソスメと茨ソスソスソスフ暦ソスソスメに十ソスソスソスナゑソスソスGソスソスソスMソスメは近隣要ソスソスソスノゑソスソスフソスソスソスソスN ソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワめまゑソスソスB Neighbor Solicitation messages can also be used to determine if more than one node has been assigned the same unicast address. The use of Neighbor Solicitation messages for Duplicate Address Detection is specified in [ADDRCONF]. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスPソスツ以擾ソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソストゑソス黷スソスソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍スソス゚にゑソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスdソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスフ近隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ使ソスソスソスソスソスヘ[ADDRCONFソスnソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスワゑソスソスB Neighbor Unreachability Detection detects the failure of a neighbor or the failure of the forward path to the neighbor. Doing so requires positive confirmation that packets sent to a neighbor are actually reaching that neighbor and being processed properly by its IP layer. Neighbor Unreachability Detection uses confirmation from two sources. When possible, upper-layer protocols provide a positive confirmation that a connection is making "forward progress", that is, previously sent data is known to have been delivered correctly (e.g., new acknowledgments were received recently). When positive confirmation is not forthcoming through such "hints", a node sends unicast Neighbor Solicitation messages that solicit Neighbor Advertisements as reachability confirmation from the next hop. To reduce unnecessary network traffic, probe messages are only sent to neighbors to which the node is actively sending packets. ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣ゑソスソス゚隣へのパソスXソスフ擾ソスQソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノは、 ソス゚隣に托ソスソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスロにゑソスソスフ近隣に届ゑソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスフ積極的ソスmソスFソスニI ソスoソスwソスナ撰ソスソスmソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスQソスツの擾ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスフ確ソスFソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスツ能ソスネゑソスAソスソスハのプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソスuソス]ソスソスソスソスソスp ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスvソスソスソスソスマ極的ソスノ確ソスFソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスネわちソスAソスOソスノ托ソスソスソス黷スソスfソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソス ソスmソスノ届ゑソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスニゑソスmソスソスワゑソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ通知ソスソスソスナ近受け趣ソスソス ソスソスソスjソスBソスマ極的ソスネ確ソスFソスソスソスソスソスフようソスネ「ソスqソスソスソスgソスvソスソスハゑソスソスト暦ソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソス ソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスニゑソスソスト近隣広ソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソス驛ソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謔ゥソス迹暦ソスソスワゑソスソスBソスsソスKソスvソスネネソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスソスソス轤オソスト鯉ソス ソスソスソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ奇ソスソスソスソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスラ人ソスノゑソスソスソスソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスB In addition to addressing the above general problems, Neighbor Discovery also handles the following situations: ソスソスLソスフ茨ソスハ的ソスネ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソスト、ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ状況ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスF Link-layer address change - A node that knows its link-layer address has changed can multicast a few (unsolicited) Neighbor Advertisement packets to all nodes to quickly update cached link-layer addresses that have become invalid. Note that the sending of unsolicited advertisements is a performance enhancement only (e.g., unreliable). The Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm ensures that all nodes will reliably discover the new address, though the delay may be somewhat longer. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスマ更 - ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスマゑソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスw ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ変更ソスソスソスソスソスホやくソスハ知ソスソスソス驍スソス゚、ソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスフ(ソスvソスソスソスナなゑソスソスj ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスSソストのノソス[ソスhソスノマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスナなゑソスソスLソスソス ソスフ托ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソス\ソスソスソスPソスフみでゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスwソスEソスソスソスワゑソスソスiソスツまゑソスAソスソスソストにゑソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソスjソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスヘゑソスソスラてのノソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスソス ソスソスソス轤ゥソスxソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスAソスMソスソスソスナゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ新ソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Inbound load balancing - Nodes with replicated interfaces may want to load balance the reception of incoming packets across multiple network interfaces on the same link. Such nodes have multiple link-layer addresses assigned to the same interface. For example, a single network driver could represent multiple network interface cards as a single logical interface having multiple link-layer addresses. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラ包ソスソスU - ソスdソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスツノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスフ托ソス ソスソスソスフネソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスヤで包ソスソスラ包ソスソスUソスソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスM ソスソス]ソズゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネノソス[ソスhソスヘ難ソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスPソスツのネソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスN ソスhソスソスソスCソスoソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフネソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスJソス[ソスhソスソスソスミとつの論 ソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスニ茨ソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスニゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Neighbor Discovery allows a router to perform load balancing for traffic addressed to itself by allowing routers to omit the source link-layer address from Router Advertisement packets, thereby forcing neighbors to use Neighbor Solicitation messages to learn link-layer addresses of routers. Returned Neighbor Advertisement messages can then contain link-layer addresses that differ depending on, e.g., who issued the solicitation. This specification does not define a mechanism that allows hosts to Load-balance incoming packets. See [LD-SHRE]. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソス除ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソストソスソス[ソス^ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスwソスヤゑソスソス゚に近隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソス゚隣に具ソスソスソスソスト、 ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスgソスソスソストのトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスフ包ソスソスラ包ソスソスUソスソスソスsソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソス ソスワゑソスソスBソスヤ托ソスソスソスソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ、ソス痰ヲソスホ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスlソスノ依托ソス ソスソスソスト、ソスルなるリソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワむゑソスソスニゑソスソスoソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスソス ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスMソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスラ包ソスソスUソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソス驛ソスJソスjソスY ソスソスソス明確ソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB[LD-SHRE]ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Anycast addresses - Anycast addresses identify one of a set of nodes providing an equivalent service, and multiple nodes on the same link may be configured to recognize the same anycast address. Neighbor Discovery handles anycasts by having nodes expect to receive multiple Neighbor Advertisements for the same target. All advertisements for anycast addresses are tagged as being non-Override advertisements. A non-Override advertisement is one that does not update or replace the information sent by another advertisement. These advertisements are discussed later in the context of Neighbor advertisement messages. This invokes specific rules to determine which of potentially multiple advertisements should be used. ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスX - ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソス ソスmソス[ソスhソスフ1ソスツゑソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスGソスjソスLソスソス ソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスFソスソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ設定さソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヨの托ソスソスソスソスフ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソス驍アソスニゑソス\ソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニでエソスj ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスラてのエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ広ソスソスソスヘ費ソス ソス繽托ソスLソスソスソスニタソスOソスソスtソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソス繽托ソスLソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスフ広ソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト托ソス ソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスuソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス閧オソスネゑソスソスソスソスフでゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスLソスソスソスヘ鯉ソスフ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスレで論ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスン的ソスノ、ソスソスソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ェソスgソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソス閧キソス驍ス ソス゚の難ソスソスソスKソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Proxy advertisements - A node willing to accept packets on behalf of a target address that is unable to respond to Neighbor Solicitations can issue non-Override Neighbor Advertisements. Proxy advertisements are used by Mobile IPv6 Home Agents to defend mobile nodes' addresses when they move off-link. However, it is not intended as a general mechanism to handle nodes that, e.g., do not implement this protocol. ソスvソスソスソスLソスVソスLソスソス ソス| ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスノ返難ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスsソスツ能ソスネ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフゑソスソスソス ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスMソスソスソストゑソスソス謔「ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソス繽托ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスzソスソスソス驍ア ソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスLソスVソスLソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスoソスCソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス逞」ソスソス ソス骼橸ソスノ、ソスソスソスoソスCソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスzソス[ソスソスソスGソス[ソスWソスFソスソス ソスgソスノゑソスソスソスト使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソス轤アソスソスヘ、ソス痰ヲソスホゑソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスR ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスハ的ソスネソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスニは意図ソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスソスB @@@@3.1. Comparison with IPv4 3.1. ソスhソスoソスソスソスSソスニの費ソスr The IPv6 Neighbor Discovery protocol corresponds to a combination of the IPv4 protocols Address Resolution Protocol [ARP], ICMP Router Discovery [RDISC], and ICMP Redirect [ICMPv4]. In IPv4 there is no generally agreed upon protocol or mechanism for Neighbor Unreachability Detection, although the Hosts Requirements document [HR-CL] does specify some possible algorithms for Dead Gateway Detection (a subset of the problems Neighbor Unreachability Detection tackles). ソスhソスoソスソスソスUソス゚隣探ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘIソスoソスソスソスSソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスR ソスソス[ARP]ソスAソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソス[ソス^ソスTソスソス[RDISC]ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg[ICMPv4]ソスフ組ソスソス ソスソスソスホ会ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[HR-CL]ソスヘ抵ソス~ソスQソス[ソスgソスEソスFソスCソスソスソスoソスiソス゚暦ソス ソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソスoソスフ厄ソスソスフ一部ソスjソスノ使ソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスAソスhソスoソスソスソスSソスノは近暦ソス ソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソスoソスフ茨ソスハ的ソスノ搾ソスソスモゑソスソス黷スソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス窿ソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The Neighbor Discovery protocol provides a multitude of improvements over the IPv4 set of protocols: ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘIソスoソスソスソスSソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスQソスフ托ソスソスソスソスフ会ソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF Router Discovery is part of the base protocol set; there is no need for hosts to "snoop" the routing protocols. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスTソスソスソスヘ奇ソスbソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ一部ソスナゑソスソスGソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚ホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスO ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスuソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Router Advertisements carry link-layer addresses; no additional packet exchange is needed to resolve the router's link-layer address. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス^ソスムまゑソスソスGソスヌ会ソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ ソス^ソス[ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に必ソスvソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Router Advertisements carry prefixes for a link; there is no need to have a separate mechanism to configure the "netmask". ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス^ソスムまゑソスソスGソスuソスlソスbソスgソス}ソスXソスNソスvソスソスソス ソス閧キソスソスハのソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Router Advertisements enable Address Autoconfiguration. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Routers can advertise an MTU for hosts to use on the link, ensuring that all nodes use the same MTU value on links lacking a well-defined MTU. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスナ使ソスソスソスラゑソスソスlソスsソスtソスソスソスLソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスmソスフM ソスsソスtソスソスソスネゑソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスラてのノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスlソスsソスtソスlソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Address resolution multicasts are "spread" over 16 million (2^24) multicast addresses, greatly reducing address-resolution-related interrupts on nodes other than the target. Moreover, non-IPv6 machines should not be interrupted at all. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスヘ、ソスホ象以外ソスフノソス[ソスhソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスヨ連ソスソス ソスソスソス闕橸ソスンゑソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソス゚、ソスSソスOソスソスソスネ擾ソスiソスQ^ソスRソスQソスjソスフマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスノ、ソスソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスフマソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソス闕橸ソスンゑソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Redirects contain the link-layer address of the new first hop; separate address resolution is not needed upon receiving a redirect. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスGソスハのアソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスけゑソスロに必ソスvソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Multiple prefixes can be associated with the same link. By default, hosts learn all on-link prefixes from Router Advertisements. However, routers may be configured to omit some or all prefixes from Router Advertisements. In such cases hosts assume that destinations are off-link and send traffic to routers. A router can then issue redirects as appropriate. ソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソス同ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスノ設抵ソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスナ、ソスzソスX ソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスラてのオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスwソスムまゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソス轤「ソスソスソスツゑソスソスAソスソスソスヘ全ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソス ソス除ソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ設定さソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ茨ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスOソスニ想ソス閧オソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスノトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスフ趣ソス ソスヘ適ソスリなソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスハ知ソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Unlike IPv4, the recipient of an IPv6 redirect assumes that the new next-hop is on-link. In IPv4, a host ignores redirects specifying a next-hop that is not on-link according to the link's network mask. The IPv6 redirect mechanism is analogous to the XRedirect facility specified in [SH-MEDIA]. It is expected to be useful on non-broadcast and shared media links in which it is undesirable or not possible for nodes to know all prefixes for on-link destinations. ソスhソスoソスソスソスSソスニ異なゑソスAソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスフ趣ソスソスlソスヘ新ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謔ェ ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニ想ソス閧オソスワゑソスソスBソスhソスoソスソスソスSソスナは、ソスzソスXソスgソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスフネソスbソスgソスソスソス[ ソスNソス}ソスXソスNソスノ従ソスソスソストソスソスソスソスNソスソスノなゑソスソスニ考ソスソスソス骼滂ソスフ転ソスソスソスソスwソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスヘ[SH-MEDIAソスnソスナ記ソスqソスソスソス黷スXRedirect ソス@ソス\ソスノ類趣ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスフゑソスソスラてのプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX ソスソスmソス驍アソスニはノソス[ソスhソスノとゑソスソスト望ソスワゑソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスsソスツ能ソスネ、ソスソスuソスソスソス[ソスhソスLソスソスソスX ソスgソスソスソスLソスソスソスfソスBソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスナ有ソスpソスニ奇ソスソスメゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Neighbor Unreachability Detection is part of the base, which significantly improves the robustness of packet delivery in the presence of failing routers, partially failing or partitioned links, or nodes that change their link-layer addresses. For instance, mobile nodes can move off-link without losing any connectivity due to stale ARP caches. ソス゚隣費ソスリ断ソスソスソスoソスソスソスAソスソスQソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスロのパソスPソスbソスgソスzソスBソスフ具ソスソスxソスソスソスニ、ソスソスソスソス ソスソスQソスニ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスニ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ変更ソスソスソスAソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスP ソスソスソスソスソスbソスフ一部ソスナゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスレ難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソステゑソスソス`ソスqソスoソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフゑソスソスソス ソスノ接托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス逑ョソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Unlike ARP, Neighbor Discovery detects half-link failures (using Neighbor Unreachability Detection) and avoids sending traffic to neighbors with which two-way connectivity is absent. ソス`ソスqソスoソスニ異なゑソスAソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスiソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスjソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ費ソスソスソスソスフ擾ソス ソスQソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソスAソスoソスソスソスソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスソストゑソスソスソスラ人ソスノトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソス送ゑソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Unlike in IPv4 Router Discovery, the Router Advertisement messages do not contain a preference field. The preference field is not needed to handle routers of different "stability"; the Neighbor Unreachability Detection will detect dead routers and switch to a working one. ソスhソスoソスソスソスSソスソスソス[ソス^ソスTソスソスソスニ異なゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ優ソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソス ソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスDソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ異なゑソスuソスソスソス關ォソスvソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス゚に必ソスvソスニゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスoソスヘ抵ソス~ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソスAソスソス ソスソスソスト稼難ソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスリゑソスヨゑソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB The use of link-local addresses to uniquely identify routers (for Router Advertisement and Redirect messages) makes it possible for hosts to maintain the router associations in the event of the site renumbering to use new global prefixes. ソスiソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスニソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ)ソスソスソスjソス[ソスNソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスソス ソスソスソス゚のソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスネアソスhソスソスソスXソスフ使ソスpソスヘ、ソスVソスソスソスソスソスOソスソスソス[ソスoソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスノソスソスiソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスOソスソスソストゑソスソスソスTソスCソスgソスナホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ関係ソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスB By setting the Hop Limit to 255, Neighbor Discovery is immune to off-link senders that accidentally or intentionally send ND messages. In IPv4, off-link senders can send both ICMP Redirects and Router Advertisement messages. ソスQソスTソスTソスフホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスOソスフ托ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスRソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ意図ソスI ソスノNソスcソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスソスソスソス鼾ソスノ、ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスノ免疫ソスソス^ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスhソスoソスソスソスS ソスナはソスソスソスソスNソスOソスフ托ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス送るこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Placing address resolution at the ICMP layer makes the protocol more media-independent than ARP and makes it possible to use generic IP-layer authentication and security mechanisms as appropriate. ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスwソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニでAソスqソスoソスノ費ソスラてプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスfソスBソスAソスノ費ソスヒ托ソスソスノなゑソスAソスKソスリな茨ソスハ的ソスhソスoソスwソスFソスリゑソスZソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソス@ソス\ソスソス ソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 3.2. Supported Link Types 3.2. ソスホ象とゑソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソス^ソスCソスv Neighbor Discovery supports links with different properties. In the presence of certain properties, only a subset of the ND protocol mechanisms are fully specified in this document: ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスルなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニのソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ難ソスソスソスソスフ場合ソスAソスm ソスcソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスフ一部ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ指ソス閧オソスワゑソスソスF point-to-point - Neighbor Discovery handles such links just like multicast links. (Multicast can be trivially provided on point-to-point links, and interfaces can be assigned link-local addresses.) ソス|ソスCソスソスソスgソス|ソスCソスソスソスg - ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフようソスネソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスN ソスニ難ソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスiソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス|ソスCソスソスソスg ソス|ソスCソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスNソスナ包ソスソス}ソスノ具ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスAソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノソス ソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスネアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス闢厄ソストるこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスjソスB multicast - Neighbor Discovery operates over multicast capable links as described in this document. ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスg - ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスX ソスgソスホ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスナ難ソスソスしソスワゑソスソスB non-broadcast multiple access (NBMA) - Redirect, Neighbor Unreachability Detection and next-hop determination should be implemented as described in this document. Address resolution, and the mechanism for delivering Router Solicitations and Advertisements on NBMA links are not specified in this document. Note that if hosts support manual configuration of a list of default routers, hosts can dynamically acquire the link-layer addresses for their neighbors from Redirect messages. ソスソスuソスソスソス[ソスhソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス}ソスソスソス`ソスAソスNソスZソスXソスiNBMAソスj - ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスニ近隣費ソスレ托ソス ソスソスソスソスソスニ趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソス閧ェソスAソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスNBMAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフソスソス[ ソス^ソスvソスソスソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスzソスBソスソスソス驍スソス゚のソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ ソスフソスソスXソスgソスフ手動ソスン抵ソスソスソスTソス|ソス[ソスgソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス_ ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ難ソスソスIソスノ近隣のソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスlソスソスソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニに抵ソスソスモを払ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB shared media - The Redirect message is modeled after the XRedirect message in [SH-MEDIA] in order to simplify use of the protocol on shared media links. ソスソスソスLソスソスソスfソスBソスA - ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ具ソスソスLソスソスソスfソスBソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノプソスソス ソスgソスRソスソスソスフ使ソスpソスソスPソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚の[SH-MEDIAソスnソスソス XRedirectソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ鯉ソスノ設計ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB This specification does not address shared media issues that only relate to routers, such as: ソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスノ関係ソスソスソス驍セソスソスソスフ以会ソスソスフようソスネ具ソス ソスLソスソスソスfソスBソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスF - How routers exchange reachability information on a shared media link. - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスfソスBソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスナ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスB - How a router determines the link-layer address of a host, which it needs to send redirect messages to the host. - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスeソスzソスXソスgソスノソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソス ソスソスソス゚に必ソスvソスネホソスXソスgソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キソスソス ソスソスソス@ソスB - How a router determines that it is the first- hop router for a received packet. - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスMソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス諠具ソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスB The protocol is extensible (through the definition of new options) so that other solutions might be possible in the future. ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスフ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、 ソスiソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ抵ソス`ソスソスハゑソスソスト)ソスgソスソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスB variable MTU - Neighbor Discovery allows routers to specify an MTU for the link, which all nodes then use. All nodes on a link must use the same MTU (or Maximum Receive Unit) in order for multicast to work properly. Otherwise, when multicasting, a sender, which can not know which nodes will receive the packet, could not determine a minimum packet size that all receivers can process (or Maximum Receive Unit). ソスツ変Mソスsソスt - ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフMソスsソスtソスソスソスwソス閧キソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスAソスソスソスラてのノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスラてのソスソスソスソスN ソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ作動ソスソスソス驍スソス゚に難ソス ソスソスソスlソスsソスtソスiソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ最托ソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスjソスbソスgソスjソスソスソスgソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスヘなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスナ、ソスヌのノソス[ ソスhソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスmソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスA ソスソスソスラての趣ソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスTソスCソスYソスiソスワゑソス ソスヘ最托ソスソスMソスPソスハ)ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB asymmetric reachability - Neighbor Discovery detects the absence of symmetric reachability; a node avoids paths to a neighbor with which it does not have symmetric connectivity. ソスソスホ称難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソス ソス| ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスヘ対称的ソスネ可難ソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフゑソスソスソスソスoソスソスソスワゑソスソスG ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスホ称的ソスネ接托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣にパソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB The Neighbor Unreachability Detection will typically identify such half-links and the node will refrain from using them. ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ典ソス^ソスIソスノゑソスソスフようソスネハソス[ソスtソスソスソスソスソスNソスソス ソスソスソスハゑソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘゑソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスvソスソスソスニどまゑソスソス ソスソスソス蛯、ソスB The protocol can presumably be extended in the future to find viable paths in environments that lack reflexive and transitive connectivity. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスン的ソス笂ァソス゚的ソスネ接托ソスソスソスソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスツ具ソスソスナ趣ソスソスs ソスツ能ソスネパソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚に托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 3.3. Securing Neighbor Discovery Messages 3.3. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスSソスノゑソスソス驍アソスソス Neighbor Discovery messages are needed for various functions. Several functions are designed to allow hosts to ascertain the ownership of an address or the mapping between link-layer and IP- layer addresses. Vulnerabilities related to Neighbor Discovery are discussed in Section 11.1. A general solution for securing Neighbor Discovery is outside the scope of this specification and is discussed in [SEND]. However, Section 11.2 explains how and under which constraints IPsec Authentication Header (AH) or Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) can be used to secure Neighbor Discovery. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ趣ソスXソスフ機ソス\ソスフゑソスソス゚に必ソスvソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスフ機ソス\ソスソスソスAソスz ソスXソスgソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスフ擾ソスソスLソスソスソスフ確ソスFソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスニIソスoソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ間の対会ソスソスソス ソスmソスFソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスソス謔、ソスン計ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣探ソスソスソスニ関係ソスソスソスソスソスソスニ弱性 ソスソスソスPソスPソスDソスPソスヘで論ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスSソスノ保つゑソスソスニに対ゑソスソスソスAソスソスハ的 ソスネ会ソスソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスフ仕ソスlソスフ範囲外ソスナ、[SEND]ソスナ論ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスA ソスPソスPソスDソスQソスヘで、ソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソスソスソスFソスリヘソスbソス_ソスiソス`ソスgソスjソスソステ搾ソスソスソスソスZソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスyソスCソスソスソス[ ソスhソスiソスdソスrソスoソスjソスソスソスヌの撰ソスソスソスフ会ソスソスナどのようソスノ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスSソスノ保つゑソスソス゚に使ソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 4. Message Formats 4. ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg This section introduces message formats for all messages used in this specification. ソスソスソスフ章はゑソスソスフ仕ソスlソスナ使ソスソス黷スソスソスソスラてのソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg ソスソスソスミ介しソスワゑソスソスB 4.1. Router Solicitation Message Format 4.1. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg Hosts send Router Solicitations in order to prompt routers to generate Router Advertisements quickly. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソス生撰ソスソスソスソストゑソスソス轤、ソスソスソス゚ソスソス[ソス^ソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスB 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Code | Checksum | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Options ... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- IP Fields: ソスhソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Source Address An IP address assigned to the sending interface, or the unspecified address if no address is assigned to the sending interface. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスMソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスAソスソスソスMソスC ソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス閧ウ ソスソストゑソスソスネアソスhソスソスソスXソスB Destination Address Typically the all-routers multicast address. ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスTソス^ソスIソスノ全ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB Hop Limit 255 ソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスE 255 ICMP Fields: ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 133 ソス^ソスCソスv 133 Code 0 ソスRソス[ソスh 0 Checksum The ICMP checksum. See [ICMPv6]. ソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソス ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスB[ICMPv6]ソスQソスニ。 Reserved This field is unused. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソス ソスソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ使ソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスMソスメはゼ ソスソスソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスAソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソス ソスソス(MUST)ソスB Valid Options: ソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスF Source link-layer address The link-layer address of the sender, if known. MUST NOT be included if the Source Address is the unspecified address. Otherwise, it SHOULD be included on link layers that have addresses. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB ソスソスソスMソスメのソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスAソスソスソスソスソスmソスソスソストゑソスネゑソスBソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソス ソスワゑソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスナなゑソスソスソスホ使ソスpソスソス ソストゑソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスwソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワむべゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Future versions of this protocol may define new option types. Receivers MUST silently ignore any options they do not recognize and continue processing the message. ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフバソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソスvソスソスソス`ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス謔「ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスMソスメは認ソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソステゑソスソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.2. Router Advertisement Message Format 4.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg Routers send out Router Advertisement messages periodically, or in response to Router Solicitations. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスノ、ソスソスソス驍「ソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソストソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスソスワゑソスソスB 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Code | Checksum | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Cur Hop Limit |M|O| Reserved | Router Lifetime | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Reachable Time | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Retrans Timer | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Options ... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- IP Fields: ソスhソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Source Address MUST be the link-local address assigned to the interface from which this message is sent. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送信ソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソスソスソストゑソスソス ソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX(MUST) Destination Address Typically the Source Address of an invoking Router Solicitation or the all-nodes multicast address. ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスハ的ソスノはソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスAソスSソスmソス[ ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB Hop Limit 255 ソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスE 255 ICMP Fields: ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 134 ソス^ソスCソスv 134 Code 0 ソスRソス[ソスh 0 Checksum The ICMP checksum. See [ICMPv6]. ソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソス ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスB[ICMPv6]ソスQソスニ。 Cur Hop Limit 8-bit unsigned integer. The default value that should be placed in the Hop Count field of the IP header for outgoing IP packets. A value of zero means unspecified (by this router). ソスソスソスンのホソスbソスvソスソスソスE ソスWソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスOソスソスソスhソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフIソスo ソスwソスbソス_ソスフホソスbソスvソスJソスEソスソスソスgソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスノ置ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスf ソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスBソスlソスソスソスOソスフ場合ソスヘ、ソスiソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソスソスjソスwソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB M 1-bit "Managed address configuration" flag. When set, it indicates that addresses are available via Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol [DHCPv6]. M ソスPソスrソスbソスgソスフ「ソスヌ暦ソスソスソスソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスvソスtソスソスソスOソスBソスン定さ ソスソスソスニゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスヘアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスIソスzソスXソスgソスン抵ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソス [DHCPv6]ソスナ難ソスソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB If the M flag is set, the O flag is redundant and can be ignored because DHCPv6 will return all available configuration information. ソスソスソスソスソスlソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソスソスネゑソスAソスnソスtソスソスソスOソスヘ不ソスKソスvソスナ、 ソスcソスgソスbソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスソスソスラての暦ソスソスpソスツ能ソスネ設抵ソスソスソスソスヤゑソスソスナゑソス ソスうソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB O 1-bit "Other configuration" flag. When set, it indicates that other configuration information is available via DHCPv6. Examples of such information are DNS-related information or information on other servers within the network. O ソスPソスrソスbソスgソスフ「ソスソスソスン抵ソスvソスtソスソスソスOソスB ソスン定さソスソスソスニゑソスソスAソスソスソスソス ソスヘ托ソスソスフ設抵ソスソスがDソスgソスbソスoソスソスソスUソスノゑソスソスソスト難ソスソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフようソスネ擾ソスソスフ暦ソスヘDソスmソスrソスヨ連ソスソス ソスソスあるいソスヘネソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスソスソスフ托ソスソスフサソス[ソスoソスノ関ゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスナゑソスソスB Note: If neither M nor O flags are set, this indicates that no information is available via DHCPv6. ソスソスソス゚:ソスソスソスソスソスlソスニOソスソスソスフゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスン定さソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスヘDソスgソスbソスoソスソス ソスUソスナ難ソスソスソスツ能ソスネ擾ソスがなゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Reserved A 6-bit unused field. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソス ソスUソスrソスbソスgソスフ厄ソスソスgソスpソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスBソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスMソスメはゼソスソスソスノ擾ソス ソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスAソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB Router Lifetime 16-bit unsigned integer. The lifetime associated with the default router in units of seconds. The field can contain values up to 65535 and receivers should handle any value, while the sending rules in Section 6 limit the lifetime to 9000 seconds. A Lifetime of 0 indicates that the router is not a default router and SHOULD NOT appear on the default router list. The Router Lifetime applies only to the router's usefulness as a default router; it does not apply to information contained in other message fields or options. Options that need time limits for their information include their own lifetime fields. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソス ソスPソスUソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスヘ秒ソスPソスハでデソスtソスHソスソス ソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノ関ゑソスソスソスソスソスフでゑソスソスBソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ6ソスTソスTソスRソスTソスソス ソスナの値ソスソスソスワむゑソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスAソスソスMソスメゑソスソスSソストの値ソスソスソス謔ヲソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスUソスヘの托ソスソスMソスKソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスXソスOソスOソスOソスbソスノ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスOソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナなゑソスソスAソスfソスtソスH ソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナなゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス (SHOULD NOT)ソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスヘデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニゑソスソストソスソス[ ソス^ソスフ有ソスpソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスソスソストはまゑソスワゑソスソスGソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ ソスWソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノ含む擾ソスソスノ難ソスソストはまゑソスワゑソス ソスソスBソスソスソスノタソスCソスソスソスソスソス~ソスbソスgソスソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘゑソス ソス齊ゥソスgソスノ趣ソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスB Reachable Time 32-bit unsigned integer. The time, in milliseconds, that a node assumes a neighbor is reachable after having received a reachability confirmation. Used by the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm (see Section 7.3). A value of zero means unspecified (by this router). ソスAソスソスソスツ能ソスネ趣ソスソスソス ソスRソスQソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスBソス~ソスソスソスZソスJソスソスソスhソスPソスハで、ソスmソス[ ソスhソスソスソスラ人ソスソスソス轤ェソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソス繧アソスフ趣ソスソスソス ソスoソスツと連ソスソスソスツ能ソスニ想ソス閧オソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソス ソスYソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスiソスV.ソスRソスヘ参ソスニ)ソスBソスOソスフ値ソスヘ(ソスソス ソスフソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスノゑソスソスソスト)ソスwソス閧ウソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Retrans Timer 32-bit unsigned integer. The time, in milliseconds, between retransmitted Neighbor Solicitation messages. Used by address resolution and the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm (see Sections 7.2 and 7.3). A value of zero means unspecified (by this router). ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス} ソスRソスQソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスBソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヤゑソス ソス~ソスソスソスbソスPソスハの趣ソスソスヤ。ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスニ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソス ソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスiソスV.ソスQソスヘと7.ソスRソスヘゑソスソスQ ソスニ)ソスBソスOソスフ値ソスヘ(ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスノゑソスソスソスト)ソスwソス閧ウソスソスネゑソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Possible options: ソスツ能ソスネオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスF Source link-layer address The link-layer address of the interface from which the Router Advertisement is sent. Only used on link layers that have addresses. A router MAY omit this option in order to enable inbound load sharing across multiple link-layer addresses. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送信ソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスツソスソスソスソスNソスwソスノゑソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ難ソスソスsソスソスソスソスソスラ包ソスソスUソスソスソスソス ソス\ソスノゑソスソス驍スソス゚にゑソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス謔「ソスナゑソス(MAY)ソスB MTU SHOULD be sent on links that have a variable MTU (as specified in the document that describes how to run IP over the particular link type). MAY be sent on other links. ソスlソスsソスt ソスiソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソス^ソスCソスvソスソスナIソスoソス動ゑソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスソスソスLソスqソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ)ソスツ変MソスsソスtソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスナ托ソスソスソスソス ソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソス ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスB Prefix Information These options specify the prefixes that are on-link and/or are used for stateless address autoconfiguration. A router SHOULD include all its on-link prefixes (except the link-local prefix) so that multihomed hosts have complete prefix information about on-link destinations for the links to which they attach. If complete information is lacking, a host with multiple interfaces may not be able to choose the correct outgoing interface when sending traffic to its neighbors. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスAソスXソスeソス[ソスgソスソスソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスフゑソスソス゚に使ソスソスソス ソス驍アソスニを明趣ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ(ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスSソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスワめゑソス ソスラゑソスソスナ、ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスヘ接托ソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスフ奇ソスソスSソスネプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスツべゑソスソスナゑソス (SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスSソスネ擾ソスが鯉ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスフイ ソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスツホソスXソスgソスソスソスラ人ソスノトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソス ソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスoソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスIソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能 ソスナなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Future versions of this protocol may define new option types. Receivers MUST silently ignore any options they do not recognize and continue processing the message. ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフバソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソスvソスソスソス`ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス謔「ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスMソスメは認ソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソステゑソスソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.3. Neighbor Solicitation Message Format 4.3. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg Nodes send Neighbor Solicitations to request the link-layer address of a target node while also providing their own link-layer address to the target. Neighbor Solicitations are multicast when the node needs to resolve an address and unicast when the node seeks to verify the reachability of a neighbor. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス゚るたソス゚近隣要ソスソスソス送ゑソスAソスソスソスソス ソスノ趣ソスソスgソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソス相趣ソスノ具ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣要ソスソスソスヘノソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスマ奇ソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスナ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソス゚隣の可難ソスソスBソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソスソスロはソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスナゑソスソスB 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Code | Checksum | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | + + | | + Target Address + | | + + | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Options ... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- IP Fields: ソスhソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Source Address Either an address assigned to the interface from which this message is sent or (if Duplicate Address Detection is in progress [ADDRCONF]) the unspecified address. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソスソスソストゑソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスAソスiソスソスソスソスソスdソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスmADDRCONFソスnソスネゑソスj ソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB Destination Address Either the solicited-node multicast address corresponding to the target address, or the target address. ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスAソスレ標ソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスB Hop Limit 255 ソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスE 255 ICMP Fields: ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 135 ソス^ソスCソスv 135 Code 0 ソスRソス[ソスh 0 Checksum The ICMP checksum. See [ICMPv6]. ソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソス ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスB[ICMPv6]ソスQソスニ。 Reserved This field is unused. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソス ソスソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ使ソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスMソスメはゼ ソスソスソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスAソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソス ソスソス(MUST)ソスB Target Address The IP address of the target of the solicitation. It MUST NOT be a multicast address. ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスvソスソスソスフ目標ソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスソスソスソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB Possible options: ソスツ能ソスネオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスF Source link-layer address The link-layer address for the sender. MUST NOT be included when the source IP address is the unspecified address. Otherwise, on link layers that have addresses this option MUST be included in multicast solicitations and SHOULD be included in unicast solicitations. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスMソスメのソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソス\ソス[ソスXソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソス骼橸ソスAソスワまゑソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス (MUST NOT)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスナなゑソスソスソスホ、ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスツソスソスソスソスNソスw ソスナゑソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスノ含めゑソスソスネゑソス ソストはなゑソスネゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスAソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスナ含めゑソスソスソス ソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Future versions of this protocol may define new option types. Receivers MUST silently ignore any options they do not recognize and continue processing the message. ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフバソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソスvソスソスソス`ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス謔「ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスMソスメは認ソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソステゑソスソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.4. Neighbor Advertisement Message Format 4.4. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg A node sends Neighbor Advertisements in response to Neighbor Solicitations and sends unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements in order to (unreliably) propagate new information quickly. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソス゚隣要ソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソスト近隣広ソスソスソス送ゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスト(ソスソスソストになゑソスネゑソスソスソスソスjソスソス ソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソス普及ソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に要ソスソスソスフなゑソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスB 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Code | Checksum | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|S|O| Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | + + | | + Target Address + | | + + | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Options ... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- IP Fields: ソスhソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Source Address An address assigned to the interface from which the advertisement is sent. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスLソスソスソス送信ソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスX Destination Address For solicited advertisements, the Source Address of an invoking Neighbor Solicitation or, if the solicitation's Source Address is the unspecified address, the all-nodes multicast address. ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスLソスソスソスナは近隣要ソスソスソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ、ソスソスソスソス ソスvソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスホ、 ソスSソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスB For unsolicited advertisements typically the all- nodes multicast address. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスナは全ソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスB Hop Limit 255 ソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスE 255 ICMP Fields: ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 136 ソス^ソスCソスv 136 Code 0 ソスRソス[ソスh 0 Checksum The ICMP checksum. See [ICMPv6]. ソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソス ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスB[ICMPv6]ソスQソスニ。 R Router flag. When set, the R-bit indicates that the sender is a router. The R-bit is used by Neighbor Unreachability Detection to detect a router that changes to a host. R ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスtソスソスソスOソスBソスPソスフ場合ソスAソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスナゑソスソス驍ア ソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスqソスrソスbソスgソスヘホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB S Solicited flag. When set, the S-bit indicates that the advertisement was sent in response to a Neighbor Solicitation from the Destination address. The S-bit is used as a reachability confirmation for Neighbor Unreachability Detection. It MUST NOT be set in multicast advertisements or in unsolicited unicast advertisements. S ソスvソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスBソスPソスフ場合ソスAソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスフ近暦ソス ソスvソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソスト托ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスrソスrソスbソスgソスヘ難ソスソスB ソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスニ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソス ソスXソスgソスLソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスLソスソスソスナ設定し ソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB O Override flag. When set, the O-bit indicates that the advertisement should override an existing cache entry and update the cached link-layer address. When it is not set the advertisement will not update a cached link-layer address though it will update an existing Neighbor Cache entry for which no link-layer address is known. It SHOULD NOT be set in solicited advertisements for anycast addresses and in solicited proxy advertisements. It SHOULD be set in other solicited advertisements and in unsolicited advertisements. O ソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスBソスPソスフ場合ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソス ソスソスDソスソスナ、ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスXソスVソスソス ソスラゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスOソスフ場合ソスAソスLソスソスソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスmソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスGソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスX ソスVソスソスソス驍ェソスAソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスXソスVソスソス ソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスヘエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスLソスソスソスナ設定すソスラゑソスソスナはゑソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソス(SHOULD NOT)ソスBソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスLソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソス ソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスナ設定すソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Reserved 29-bit unused field. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソス ソスQソスXソスrソスbソスgソスフ厄ソスソスgソスpソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスBソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスMソスメはゼソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスAソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス (MUST)ソスB Target Address For solicited advertisements, the Target Address field in the Neighbor Solicitation message that prompted this advertisement. For an unsolicited advertisement, the address whose link-layer address has changed. The Target Address MUST NOT be a multicast address. ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスLソスソスソスナ、ソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスフ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスBソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスナ、 ソスマ更ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対ゑソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスiMUST NOTソスjソスB Possible options: ソスツ能ソスネオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスF Target link-layer address The link-layer address for the target, i.e., the sender of the advertisement. This option MUST be included on link layers that have addresses when responding to multicast solicitations. When responding to a unicast Neighbor Solicitation this option SHOULD be included. ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスレ標ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスAソスソスソスネわちソスLソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメ。ソスソスソスソス ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスノ返難ソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスwソスナ含まゑソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB ソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソスソスノ返難ソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスワまゑソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB The option MUST be included for multicast solicitations in order to avoid infinite Neighbor Solicitation "recursion" when the peer node does not have a cache entry to return a Neighbor Advertisements message. When responding to unicast solicitations, the option can be omitted since the sender of the solicitation has the correct link- layer address; otherwise, it would not be able to send the unicast solicitation in the first place. However, including the link-layer address in this case adds little overhead and eliminates a potential race condition where the sender deletes the cached link-layer address prior to receiving a response to a previous solicitation. ソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスホ鯉ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスヤゑソスソスソスソス゚のキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスuソスト帰ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚マソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスノ奇ソス ソスワゑソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスノ包ソス ソスソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスvソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフで、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスG ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスノ托ソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソス ソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスフ場合ソスノソスソスソスソスNソスw ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワむオソス[ソスoソス[ソスwソスbソスhソスヘ擾ソスソスネゑソスソスAソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスノゑソスソスOソスフ要ソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスソスOソスフ会ソスソスソスソスナ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスOソスフソスソスソスソスN ソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス除ソスソスソス驪」ソスソスソスフ可能ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Future versions of this protocol may define new option types. Receivers MUST silently ignore any options they do not recognize and continue processing the message. ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフバソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソスvソスソスソス`ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス謔「ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスMソスメは認ソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソステゑソスソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.5. Redirect Message Format 4.5. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg Routers send Redirect packets to inform a host of a better first-hop node on the path to a destination. Hosts can be redirected to a better first-hop router but can also be informed by a redirect that the destination is in fact a neighbor. The latter is accomplished by setting the ICMP Target Address equal to the ICMP Destination Address. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソスソスレ的ソスnソスヨのパソスXソスノゑソスソスソスソスニ良ゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ知ソスソス ソスソスソス驍スソス゚にソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスヘゑソスソス謔「ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヨ転ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスノゑソスソスソスト茨ソスソス謔ェソスソスソスロは具ソス ソスラでゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスmソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスメゑソスICMPソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスICMPソスソス ソスWソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスン定すソス驍アソスニで達ソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Code | Checksum | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | + + | | + Target Address + | | + + | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | + + | | + Destination Address + | | + + | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Options ... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- IP Fields: ソスhソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Source Address MUST be the link-local address assigned to the interface from which this message is sent. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソス ソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスネアソスhソスソスソスXソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB Destination Address The Source Address of the packet that triggered the redirect. ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB Hop Limit 255 ソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスE 255 ICMP Fields: ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 137 ソス^ソスCソスv 137 Code 0 ソスRソス[ソスh 0 Checksum The ICMP checksum. See [ICMPv6]. ソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソス ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスB[ICMPv6]ソスQソスニ。 Reserved This field is unused. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソス ソスソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ使ソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスMソスメはゼ ソスソスソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスAソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソス ソスソス(MUST)ソスB Target Address An IP address that is a better first hop to use for the ICMP Destination Address. When the target is the actual endpoint of communication, i.e., the destination is a neighbor, the Target Address field MUST contain the same value as the ICMP Destination Address field. Otherwise, the target is a better first-hop router and the Target Address MUST be the router's link-local address so that hosts can uniquely identify routers. ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスX ICMPソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヨのゑソスソスソスソスニ良ゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスBソスレ標ソスソスソスハ信ソスフ趣ソスソスロの終ソスソスナゑソスソス骼橸ソスAソスツまり宛ソス謔ェ ソス゚隣の場合ソスAソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスICMPソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスニ難ソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス (MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ目標ソスフゑソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスヘソスソス[ ソス^ソス[ソスナ、ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスjソス[ソスNソスノソスソス[ソス^ソス[ ソスソスソスソスソスハでゑソスソスソス謔、ソスネ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスネアソスh ソスソスソスXソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB Destination Address The IP address of the destination that is redirected to the target. ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスレ標ソスノソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソス驤カソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB Possible options: ソスツ能ソスネオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスF Target link-layer address The link-layer address for the target. It SHOULD be included (if known). Note that on NBMA links, hosts may rely on the presence of the Target Link- Layer Address option in Redirect messages as the means for determining the link-layer addresses of neighbors. In such cases, the option MUST be included in Redirect messages. ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスレ標ソスフゑソスソス゚のソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスiソスmソスソスソストゑソスソストゑソスソスjソスソスソスソス ソスヘ含まゑソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBNBMAソスソスソスソスソスNソスナ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソス ソス゚隣のソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍アソスニに対ゑソスソストソスソス_ソスC ソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ目標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスヤ度ソスノ暦ソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモを払ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB ソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスW ソスノ含めゑソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB Redirected Header As much as possible of the IP packet that triggered the sending of the Redirect without making the redirect packet exceed the minimum MTU specified in [IPv6]. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ソスB ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスフ托ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスhソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスン抵ソスA [IPv6]ソスナ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスlソスsソスtソス超ゑソスソスネゑソスソスヘ囲で設定しソスワゑソスソスB 4.6. Option Formats 4.6. ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスg Neighbor Discovery messages include zero or more options, some of which may appear multiple times in the same message. Options should be padded when necessary to ensure that they end on their natural 64-bit boundaries. All options are of the form: ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソス[ソスソスソスツ以擾ソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワみ、ソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスヘ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスナ会ソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスRソスネ6ソスSソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスEソスソスノ終ソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスソス ソスフゑソスソスKソスvソスナゑソスソスソスニゑソスソスAソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソス゚ゑソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスラてのオソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ形ソスソスソスヘ以会ソスソスナゑソスソスFソスB 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ ~ ... ~ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Fields: ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 8-bit identifier of the type of option. The options defined in this document are: ソス^ソスCソスv ソスWソスrソスbソスgソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソスvソスソスソスハ子ソスBソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソス`ソスソスソス黷スソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ以会ソスソスナゑソスソスF Option Name Type ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソス^ソスCソスv Source Link-Layer Address 1 ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX 1 Target Link-Layer Address 2 ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX 2 Prefix Information 3 ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス 3 Redirected Header 4 ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソス黷スソスwソスbソス_ 4 MTU 5 ソスlソスsソスt 5 Length 8-bit unsigned integer. The length of the option (including the type and length fields) in units of 8 octets. The value 0 is invalid. Nodes MUST silently discard an ND packet that contains an option with length zero. ソスソスソスソス ソスWソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスiソス^ソスCソスvソスニ抵ソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソス ソスワむ)ソスWソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスPソスハのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスBソスlソスOソスヘ厄ソス ソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソステゑソスソスノ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソズNソスcソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスフてなゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.6.1. Source/Target Link-layer Address 4.6.1. ソス\ソス[ソスXソス^ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | Link-Layer Address ... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Fields: ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 1 for Source Link-layer Address 2 for Target Link-layer Address ソス^ソスCソスv 1 ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX 2 ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX Length The length of the option (including the type and length fields) in units of 8 octets. For example, the length for IEEE 802 addresses is 1 [IPv6-ETHER]. ソスソスソスソス ソスiソス^ソスCソスvソスニ抵ソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスソスワむ)ソスWソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスPソスハゑソス ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスhソスdソスdソスdソスWソスOソスQソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスヘ1ソスナゑソス[IPv6-ETHER]ソスB Link-Layer Address The variable length link-layer address. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスツ変抵ソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB The content and format of this field (including byte and bit ordering) is expected to be specified in specific documents that describe how IPv6 operates over different link layers. For instance, [IPv6-ETHER]. ソスソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスiソスoソスCソスgソスソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワめて)ソスフ難ソスソスe ソスニフソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスgソスヘ各ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスソスソスフIソスoソスソスソスUソスフ使ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスL ソスqソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソス痰ヲ ソスソス[IPv6-ETHER]ソスナゑソスソスB Description The Source Link-Layer Address option contains the link-layer address of the sender of the packet. It is used in the Neighbor Solicitation, Router Solicitation, and Router Advertisement packets. ソスLソスq ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘパソスPソスbソスgソスフ托ソスソスMソスソス ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ近隣要ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスvソスソスソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB The Target Link-Layer Address option contains the link-layer address of the target. It is used in Neighbor Advertisement and Redirect packets. ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ目標ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ近隣広ソスソスソスニソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスp ソスPソスbソスgソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB These options MUST be silently ignored for other Neighbor Discovery messages. ソスソスソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスフ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナは静ゑソス ソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.6.2. Prefix Information 4.6.2. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | Prefix Length |L|A| Reserved1 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Valid Lifetime | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Preferred Lifetime | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Reserved2 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | + + | | + Prefix + | | + + | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Fields: ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスh Type 3 ソス^ソスCソスv 3 Length 4 ソスソスソスソス 4 Prefix Length 8-bit unsigned integer. The number of leading bits in the Prefix that are valid. The value ranges from 0 to 128. The prefix length field provides necessary information for on-link determination (when combined with the L flag in the prefix information option). It also assists with address autoconfiguration as specified in [ADDRCONF], for which there may be more restrictions on the prefix length. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソス ソスWソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスBソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフビソスb ソスgソスソスソスBソスlソスヘ0ソスネ擾ソスPソスQソスWソスネ会ソスソスナゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソス ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスノ必ソスvソスネ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスiソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナLソスtソスソスソスOソスニ組ソスソスソスせ ソスソスニゑソスソスjソスBソスソスソスソスソス[ADDRCONF]ソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスナプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソス ソスノゑソス闡スソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB L 1-bit on-link flag. When set, indicates that this prefix can be used for on-link determination. When not set the advertisement makes no statement about on-link or off-link properties of the prefix. In other words, if the L flag is not set a host MUST NOT conclude that an address derived from the prefix is off-link. That is, it MUST NOT update a previous indication that the address is on-link. ソスk ソスPソスrソスbソスgソスフオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスtソスソスソスOソスBソスPソスフ場合ソスAソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスフ鯉ソスソスモに使ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスOソスフ場合ソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスノ使ソスソスソスワゑソス ソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスヨゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスkソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスz ソスXソスgソスヘプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス逑セソスソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスノゑソス ソスソスソスニと鯉ソスソス_ソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスBソスソスソスネわちソスAソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスネ前ソスフ表ソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソストはなゑソス ソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB A 1-bit autonomous address-configuration flag. When set indicates that this prefix can be used for stateless address configuration as specified in [ADDRCONF]. ソス` ソスPソスrソスbソスgソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスBソスPソスフ場合ソスAソスソスソスフプソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスA[ADDRCONF]ソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソスAソスソスヤなゑソスソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスソスソスナ使ソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Reserved1 6-bit unused field. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソスP ソスUソスrソスbソスgソスフ厄ソスソスgソスpソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスBソスソスソスMソスメは0ソスソスン定し(MUST)ソスA ソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB Valid Lifetime 32-bit unsigned integer. The length of time in seconds (relative to the time the packet is sent) that the prefix is valid for the purpose of on-link determination. A value of all one bits (0xffffffff) represents infinity. The Valid Lifetime is also used by [ADDRCONF]. ソスソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソス ソスRソスQソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスフ鯉ソスソスソス ソスノプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスbソスPソスハの趣ソスソスヤ(ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソス ソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスBソスソスソスラての1ソスフ値ソスi0xffffffffソスjソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソス\ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスヘ[ADDRCONFソスnソスナゑソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Preferred Lifetime 32-bit unsigned integer. The length of time in seconds (relative to the time the packet is sent) that addresses generated from the prefix via stateless address autoconfiguration remain preferred [ADDRCONF]. A value of all one bits (0xffffffff) represents infinity. See [ADDRCONF]. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスRソスQソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスBソスXソスeソス[ソスgソスソスソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスン抵ソスノゑソスソスソストプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス逅カソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスソスソスcソスソスbソスPソスハの(ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスフ)ソスソスソスヤ、 ソスmADDRCONFソスnソスQソスニ。ソスソスソスラて1ソスフ値ソスi0xffffffff ソスjソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソス\ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスmADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Note that the value of this field MUST NOT exceed the Valid Lifetime field to avoid preferring addresses that are no longer valid. ソスソスソスソスソスナなゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスDソス謔ウソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、 ソスソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ値ソスヘ撰ソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソス超ゑソスソストゑソス ソスヘなゑソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスA Reserved2 This field is unused. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソスQ ソスソスソスgソスpソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスBソスソスソスMソスメは0ソスソスン定し(MUST)ソスA ソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB Prefix An IP address or a prefix of an IP address. The Prefix Length field contains the number of valid leading bits in the prefix. The bits in the prefix after the prefix length are reserved and MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and ignored by the receiver. A router SHOULD NOT send a prefix option for the link-local prefix and a host SHOULD ignore such a prefix option. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX ソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス驍「ソスヘIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスB ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソス ソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX ソスソスソスフ鯉ソスフビソスbソスgソスヘ予ソスソスナ、ソスソスソスMソスメはゼソスソスソスソスン定し(MUST)ソスA ソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフゑソスソス゚にプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス送ゑソスラゑソスソスナはゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(SHOULD NOT)ソスAソスソス ソスソスソストホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフようソスネプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Description The Prefix Information option provide hosts with on-link prefixes and prefixes for Address Autoconfiguration. The Prefix Information option appears in Router Advertisement packets and MUST be silently ignored for other messages. ソスLソスq ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスフプソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスニアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスzソスX ソスgソスノ提供ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘソスソス[ ソス^ソスLソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナは静ゑソスソスノ厄ソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.6.3. Redirected Header 4.6.3. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | ~ IP header + data ~ | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Fields: ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 4 ソス^ソスCソスv 4 Length The length of the option in units of 8 octets. ソスソスソスソス ソスWソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスフ単ソスハのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Reserved These fields are unused. They MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソス ソスソスソスgソスpソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスBソスソスソスMソスメは0ソスソスン定し(MUST)ソスA ソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB IP header + data The original packet truncated to ensure that the size of the redirect message does not exceed the minimum MTU required to support IPv6 as specified in [IPv6]. ソスhソスoソスwソスbソス_ソス{ソスfソス[ソス^ ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ大きソスソスソスソスソスA[IPv6]ソスナ指ソス閧ウ ソスソスソスAソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ最擾ソスソスlソスsソスtソス超ゑソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスヘに切ゑソスlソス゚ゑソスソスソスソスノなゑソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスB Description The Redirected Header option is used in Redirect messages and contains all or part of the packet that is being redirected. ソスLソスq ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ソス[ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスナ使ソスソスソスAソスソスソスラてゑソスソス齦費ソスフソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスソスp ソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB This option MUST be silently ignored for other Neighbor Discovery messages. ソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスフ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナは静ゑソスソスノ厄ソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 4.6.4. MTU 4.6.4. ソスlソスsソスt 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | MTU | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Fields: ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスF Type 5 ソス^ソスCソスv 5 Length 1 ソスソスソスソス 1 Reserved This field is unused. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. ソス\ソスソス ソスソスソスgソスpソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスBソスソスソスMソスメは0ソスソスン定し(MUST)ソスA ソスソスMソスメは厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB MTU 32-bit unsigned integer. The recommended MTU for the link. ソスlソスsソスt ソスRソスQソスrソスbソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ撰ソスソスEソスソスソス黷スソスlソスs ソスtソスB Description The MTU option is used in Router Advertisement messages to ensure that all nodes on a link use the same MTU value in those cases where the link MTU is not well known. ソスLソスq ソスlソスsソスtソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスラてのソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスフノソス[ソスhソスノとゑソス ソストソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソスソスソスソスソスmソスナなゑソスソス鼾ソスノ難ソスソスソスソスlソスsソスtソスlソスソスソスgソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソス驍スソス゚にソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ使ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスB This option MUST be silently ignored for other Neighbor Discovery messages. ソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスフ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナは静ゑソスソスノ厄ソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB In configurations in which heterogeneous technologies are bridged together, the maximum supported MTU may differ from one segment to another. If the bridges do not generate ICMP Packet Too Big messages, communicating nodes will be unable to use Path MTU to dynamically determine the appropriate MTU on a per-neighbor basis. In such cases, routers can be configured to use the MTU option to specify the maximum MTU value that is supported by all segments. ソスルなゑソスZソスpソスヤゑソスソスツなゑソスソスン抵ソスナ、ソスホ会ソスソスナゑソスソスソスナ托ソスlソスsソスtソスソス ソスソスソス髟費ソスソスソスニ托ソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ異なるかソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスレ托ソス ソスモ擾ソスソスナIソスbソスlソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソス゚大メソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス生撰ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ隣人ソスソスソスノ難ソスソスIソスノ適ソスリなパソスXソスlソスsソスtソスソスソスソスソス閧キ ソスソスフゑソスソスsソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスlソスsソスtソスIソスvソスVソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスラての包ソスソスソスソスナ対会ソスソスナゑソスソスソスナ托ソスlソスs ソスtソスlソスソスソスwソス閧キソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 5. Conceptual Model of a Host 5. ソスzソスXソスgソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネソスソスfソスソス This section describes a conceptual model of one possible data structure organization that hosts (and, to some extent, routers) will maintain in interacting with neighboring nodes. The described organization is provided to facilitate the explanation of how the Neighbor Discovery protocol should behave. This document does not mandate that implementations adhere to this model as long as their external behavior is consistent with that described in this document. ソスソスソスフ章は1ソスツの可能ソスネデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネソスソスfソスソスソスソスソスLソスqソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスg ソスiソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスxソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスjソスソスソスラ接ノソス[ソスhソスニ托ソスソスン搾ソスpソスソスソスト保守すソスソスナゑソスソスうソスBソスL ソスqソスソスソス黷スソス\ソスソスソスヘ近隣探ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスUソス髟托ソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソス@ソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスeソスユにゑソスソスソス ソスソスソス゚に具ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスOソスソスソスフ行ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソストゑソスソス ソスフと茨ソスムゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスfソスソスソスノ固趣ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニを命令ゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB This model is only concerned with the aspects of host behavior directly related to Neighbor Discovery. In particular, it does not concern itself with such issues as source address selection or the selecting of an outgoing interface on a multihomed host. ソスソスソスフソスソスfソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスソスソスレ近隣探ソスソスソスニ関係ソスソスソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスsソスソスソスハに関係ソスソスソストるだソスソス ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスソスソスソスOソスソスソスCソスソス ソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスIソスソスソスフ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB 5.1. Conceptual Data Structures 5.1. ソスTソスOソスIソスネデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソス Hosts will need to maintain the following pieces of information for each interface: ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスeソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスノ以会ソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスロ守すソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスF Neighbor Cache - A set of entries about individual neighbors to which traffic has been sent recently. Entries are keyed on the neighbor's on-link unicast IP address and contain such information as its link-layer address, a flag indicating whether the neighbor is a router or a host (called IsRouter in this document), a pointer to any queued packets waiting for address resolution to complete, etc. A Neighbor Cache entry also contains information used by the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm, including the reachability state, the number of unanswered probes, and the time the next Neighbor Unreachability Detection event is scheduled to take place. ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソス - ソスナ近トソスソスソスqソスbソスNソス送ゑソスソスソスソスツ別の近隣に関ゑソスソス骰ソスレの集ソスソスB ソスeソスソスソスレは、ソス゚隣のオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスLソス[ソスソスソスニゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスAソス゚隣ゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソス ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスiソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナゑソスIsRouterソスニ呼ぶ)ソスソスAソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスソスソスフ奇ソスソスソスソスソスメつ待ゑソスソスsソスソスノ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスヨのポソスCソスソス ソス^ソスネどの擾ソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト使ソスソスソスソスソスソスA ソスツ難ソスソスBソスソスソスソスヤ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスAソスソスソスフ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソス ソスソスソスCソスxソスソスソスgソスソスソスNソスソスソスソス\ソス闔橸ソスソスソスネどゑソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Destination Cache - A set of entries about destinations to which traffic has been sent recently. The Destination Cache includes both on-link and off-link destinations and provides a level of indirection into the Neighbor Cache; the Destination Cache maps a destination IP address to the IP address of the next-hop neighbor. This cache is updated with information learned from Redirect messages. Implementations may find it convenient to store additional information not directly related to Neighbor Discovery in Destination Cache entries, such as the Path MTU (PMTU) and round-trip timers maintained by transport protocols. ソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス - ソスナ近托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ搾ソスソスレの集ソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスヘ、ソスIソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスニオソスtソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ茨ソスソスソスフ暦ソスソスソスソスソスソスワみ、ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソス ソスフ間接的ソスソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスGソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスヘ茨ソスソスソスh ソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスフ近隣転ソスソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ変奇ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスソスソスフキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスヘソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスwソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスナ更ソスVソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレに、 ソスpソスXソスlソスsソスt(PMTU)ソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスXソス|ソス[ソスgソスwソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスナ管暦ソス ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスヤなど、ソスソスソスレ近隣探ソスソスソスノ関係ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスoソス^ソスソスソスソスフゑソスソスsソスソスソスソスソス謔「ソスニ考ソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスソスB Prefix List - A list of the prefixes that define a set of addresses that are on-link. Prefix List entries are created from information received in Router Advertisements. Each entry has an associated invalidation timer value (extracted from the advertisement) used to expire prefixes when they become invalid. A special "infinity" timer value specifies that a prefix remains valid forever, unless a new (finite) value is received in a subsequent advertisement. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスg - ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ集ソスソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソスソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフソスソスXソスgソスBソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスフ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスLソスソスソスナ受け趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスかゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスeソスソスソスレゑソスソスAソスv ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソス無鯉ソスソスノゑソスソス驍スソス゚の、ソスiソスLソスソスソスソスソス迺 ソスoソスソスソスソスソスjソスソスソスmソスFソス^ソスCソス}ソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスハな「ソスソスソスソスソスv ソス^ソスCソス}ソス[ソスlソスヘ、ソスVソスソスソスソスソスiソスLソスソスソスフ)ソスlソスソスソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソスナ受け趣ソス ソスソスソスソスワで、ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスiソスvソスノ鯉ソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB The link-local prefix is considered to be on the prefix list with an infinite invalidation timer regardless of whether routers are advertising a prefix for it. Received Router Advertisements SHOULD NOT modify the invalidation timer for the link-local prefix. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスネプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスヘ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスv ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスLソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスノゑソスソスソスソスソス轤クソスAソスソスソスソスソスノプソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスフ擾ソスノゑソスソスソスニ考ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスけ趣ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフタソスCソス}ソス[ ソスソスソスCソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナはゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(SHOULD NOT)ソスB Default Router List - A list of routers to which packets may be sent. Router list entries point to entries in the Neighbor Cache; the algorithm for selecting a default router favors routers known to be reachable over those whose reachability is suspect. Each entry also has an associated invalidation timer value (extracted from Router Advertisements) used to delete entries that are no longer advertised. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスg - ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフソスソスXソスgソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスレゑソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスwソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスGソスfソスtソスH ソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスヤゑソスソス゚のアソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスヘゑソスソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソス ソス^ソスしソスソスソスフゑソス闢橸ソスBソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスmソスソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソス ソスDソス謔オソスワゑソスソスBソスeソスソスソスレはゑソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスレゑソスソス除ソスソスソス驍ス ソス゚に(ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソス迺奇ソスoソスソスソスソスソスjソス^ソスCソス}ソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスB Note that the above conceptual data structures can be implemented using a variety of techniques. One possible implementation is to use a single longest-match routing table for all of the above data structures. Regardless of the specific implementation, it is critical that the Neighbor Cache entry for a router is shared by all Destination Cache entries using that router in order to prevent redundant Neighbor Unreachability Detection probes. ソスソスソスいソスソスネテソスNソスjソスbソスNソスソスソスgソスソスソスト擾ソスLソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス驍アソスソス ソスノ抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスPソスツの可能ソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスヘ擾ソスLソスフデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスフゑソスソスラてのゑソスソスソス ソスノひとつの最托ソスソスvソスソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスeソス[ソスuソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソス ソスソス轤クソスAソスdソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスWソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ近隣キソスソスソスb ソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ使ソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレと具ソスソスLソスソスソスソス驍アソスニは重ソスvソスナゑソスソスB Note also that other protocols (e.g., Mobile IPv6) might add additional conceptual data structures. An implementation is at liberty to implement such data structures in any way it pleases. For example, an implementation could merge all conceptual data structures into a single routing table. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスoソスCソスソスソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスjソスソスソスヌ会ソスソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネデソス[ ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスヘどゑソスネ好ソスンゑソス ソスソスソス@ソスナゑソスソスフようソスネデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスラての概ソスOソスIソスネデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスミとつのソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスeソス[ソスuソスソスソスノ難ソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスソス ソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The Neighbor Cache contains information maintained by the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm. A key piece of information is a neighbor's reachability state, which is one of five possible values. The following definitions are informal; precise definitions can be found in Section 7.3.2. ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスヘ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト保守さソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスニなゑソスPソスツの擾ソスが近隣の難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤで、ソスソスソスソスヘ5ソスフ会ソス ソス\ソスネ値ソスフ1ソスツでゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ抵ソス`ソスヘ費ソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスGソスソスソスmソスネ抵ソス`ソスソスソスV.ソスR.ソスQソスヘにゑソスソスソス ソスワゑソスソスB INCOMPLETE Address resolution is in progress and the link-layer address of the neighbor has not yet been determined. ソスsソスソスソスS ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスiソスsソスソスソスナ、ソス゚隣のソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘまゑソス ソスソスソス閧ウソスソストまゑソスソスソスB REACHABLE Roughly speaking, the neighbor is known to have been reachable recently (within tens of seconds ago). ソスソスソスBソスツ能 ソスネ単ソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスニ、ソス゚隣は最近難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスmソスソスソス ソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスiソスソスソス\ソスbソスOソスノ)ソスB STALE The neighbor is no longer known to be reachable but until traffic is sent to the neighbor, no attempt should be made to verify its reachability. ソステゑソス ソスラ人ソスソスソスAソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスかソスソスワゑソスソスが、ソスラ人ソスノパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスワで、ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソス骼趣ソスンゑソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナはゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスB DELAY The neighbor is no longer known to be reachable, and traffic has recently been sent to the neighbor. Rather than probe the neighbor immediately, however, delay sending probes for a short while in order to give upper-layer protocols a chance to provide reachability confirmation. ソスxソスソス ソスラ人ソスソスソスAソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスかソスソスワゑソスソスが、ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスナ近隣人ソスノ托ソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスノ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスハ層ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソス ソスノ可難ソスソスBソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソスソスソスXソスソス^ソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスTソスソスソスp ソスPソスbソスgソス送るこソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB PROBE The neighbor is no longer known to be reachable, and unicast Neighbor Solicitation probes are being sent to verify reachability. ソスソスソスソス ソスラ人ソスヘゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスmソスソスソストまゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソストソスソスjソスLソスソス ソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソス驍スソス゚に托ソスソスソスソストゑソス ソスワゑソスソスB 5.2. Conceptual Sending Algorithm 5.2. ソスTソスOソスIソスソスソスMソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソス When sending a packet to a destination, a node uses a combination of the Destination Cache, the Prefix List, and the Default Router List to determine the IP address of the appropriate next hop, an operation known as "next-hop determination". Once the IP address of the next hop is known, the Neighbor Cache is consulted for link-layer information about that neighbor. ソスレ的ソスnソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送る時ソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスKソスリな趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソス ソス閧キソス驍スソス゚、ソスuソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスvソスニゑソスソスト知ソスソスソストゑソスソス髑ソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス ソスニプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスニデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスフ組ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスpソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスmソスソス黷スソスrソス[ソスノ、ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスヘゑソスソスフ近隣ゑソス ソスヨゑソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスwソスソスソス調べまゑソスソスB Next-hop determination for a given unicast destination operates as follows. The sender performs a longest prefix match against the Prefix List to determine whether the packet's destination is on- or off-link. If the destination is on-link, the next-hop address is the same as the packet's destination address. Otherwise, the sender selects a router from the Default Router List (following the rules described in Section 6.3.6). ソスソスソス驛ソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソス閧ェソスソスソスフようソスノ難ソスソスしソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス ソスヘパソスPソスbソスgソスフ茨ソスソス謔ェソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍スソス゚にプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX ソスソスソスXソスgソスノ対ゑソスソスト最抵ソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソス謔ェソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスネゑソスA ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘパソスPソスbソスgソスフ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、 ソスソスソスソスソスヘデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス辜具ソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスムまゑソスソスiソスKソスソスソスヘ会ソスソスL ソスU.ソスR.ソスUソスヘで記ソスqソスjソスB For efficiency reasons, next-hop determination is not performed on every packet that is sent. Instead, the results of next-hop determination computations are saved in the Destination Cache (which also contains updates learned from Redirect messages). When the sending node has a packet to send, it first examines the Destination Cache. If no entry exists for the destination, next-hop determination is invoked to create a Destination Cache entry. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚、ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソス閧ェソスソスソスラての托ソスソスMソスpソスPソスbソスgソスナ行ソスソスソスフではゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスフ托ソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスフ鯉ソスソスハは(ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスソスwソスだ更ソスVソスソスソスワむ)ソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスノ残ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスMソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスMソスp ソスPソスbソスgソス送信ソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスナ擾ソスソスノ茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソス調べまゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソス謔ェ ソスソスソスンゑソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソス閧ェソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソス驍スソス゚に行ソスソスソス ソスワゑソスソスB Once the IP address of the next-hop node is known, the sender examines the Neighbor Cache for link-layer information about that neighbor. If no entry exists, the sender creates one, sets its state to INCOMPLETE, initiates Address Resolution, and then queues the data packet pending completion of address resolution. For multicast- capable interfaces Address Resolution consists of sending a Neighbor Solicitation message and waiting for a Neighbor Advertisement. When a Neighbor Advertisement response is received, the link-layer addresses is entered in the Neighbor Cache entry and the queued packet is transmitted. The address resolution mechanism is described in detail in Section 7.2. ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスmソスソス黷スソスrソス[ソスノ、ソスソスソスMソスメはゑソスソスフ近隣のソス ソスソスソスNソスwソスソスソス得るたソス゚に近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソス調べまゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスネゑソス ソスネゑソスAソスソスソスMソスメは搾ソスソスレを生撰ソスソスソスソスソスヤゑソスsソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE)ソスノ設定しソスAソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスnソス゚て、ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスフ奇ソスソスソスソスソスメつデソス[ソス^ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ待ゑソス ソスsソスソスノ難ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスホ会ソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナはアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスAソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスメつゑソスソスニで撰ソスソス閧スソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣広ソスソス ソスフ回答ゑソスソスけ趣ソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレに難ソスソスヘゑソス ソスソスAソスメゑソスソスsソスソスノ難ソスソスソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスヘ転ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスJソスjソスY ソスソスソスヘ7.ソスQソスヘで詳細に記ソスqソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB For multicast packets, the next-hop is always the (multicast) destination address and is considered to be on-link. The procedure for determining the link-layer address corresponding to a given IP multicast address can be found in a separate document that covers operating IP over a particular link type (e.g., [IPv6-ETHER]). ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソスナ趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスヘ擾ソスノ(ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスjソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスナゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニ考ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスhソスoソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キソスソス闖ソスヘ難ソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソス^ソスCソスvソスナゑソス ソスhソスoソスフ運ソスpソスソスソスソスソスJソスoソス[ソスソスソスソスハの包ソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、[IPv6-ETHER]ソスjソスB Each time a Neighbor Cache entry is accessed while transmitting a unicast packet, the sender checks Neighbor Unreachability Detection related information according to the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm (Section 7.3). This unreachability check might result in the sender transmitting a unicast Neighbor Solicitation to verify that the neighbor is still reachable. ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスAソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソス送信ソスソスソスソスロにアソスNソスZソスXソスソスソスソス ソス驍スソスムに、ソスソスソスMソスメは近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスiソスV.ソスRソスヘ)ソスノ従ソスソスソスト近暦ソス ソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスノ関連ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ切断ソスmソスFソスヘ托ソスソスソス蛯ェソスラ人 ソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスmソスソスソス゚るたソス゚にソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソス`ソスBソスソス ソス骭具ソスハになるかソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Next-hop determination is done the first time traffic is sent to a destination. As long as subsequent communication to that destination proceeds successfully, the Destination Cache entry continues to be used. If at some point communication ceases to proceed, as determined by the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm, next- hop determination may need to be performed again. For example, traffic through a failed router should be switched to a working router. Likewise, it may be possible to reroute traffic destined for a mobile node to a "mobility agent". ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソス閧ェソスAソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスレ的ソスnソスノ托ソスソスソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスフ趣ソスソスノゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスヨの趣ソスソスフ通信ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレは使ソスソス齣アソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソス骼橸ソス_ソスナ通信ソスソスソスiソスワなゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスAソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソス ソスノゑソスソスソスト鯉ソスソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソス閧ェソストび行ソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソス ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソス~ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヨゑソスハゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスソスソスし ソストゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスノ替ゑソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスuソスレ難ソスソスGソス[ソスWソスFソスソスソスgソスvソスノ移難ソス ソスmソス[ソスhソスフトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスフ経ソスHソスマ更ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Note that when a node redoes next-hop determination there is no need to discard the complete Destination Cache entry. In fact, it is generally beneficial to retain such cached information as the PMTU and round-trip timer values that may also be kept in the Destination Cache entry. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスソスソスソス闥シソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスネ茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスフてゑソス ソスKソスvソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモを払ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスロ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスノ保管ゑソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスoソスlソスsソスtソス竕晢ソスソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスヤタソスCソス}ソス[ソスlソスフようソスネキソスソスソスb ソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニは茨ソスハに有ソスvソスナゑソスソスB Routers and multihomed hosts have multiple interfaces. The remainder of this document assumes that all sent and received Neighbor Discovery messages refer to the interface of appropriate context. For example, when responding to a Router Solicitation, the corresponding Router Advertisement is sent out the interface on which the solicitation was received. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニマソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフ残ソスソスナ托ソスソスソスMソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ関連 ソスソスソスソスニ想ソス閧オソスワゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスノ返難ソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスホ会ソスソスソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスLソスソス ソスヘゑソスソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスけとゑソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 5.3. Garbage Collection and Timeout Requirements 5.3. ソスKソスxソス[ソスWソスRソスソスソスNソスVソスソスソスソスソスニタソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスソスソスソス The conceptual data structures described above use different mechanisms for discarding potentially stale or unused information. ソスソスノ記ソスqソスソスソス黷スソスTソスOソスIソスネデソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスヘ撰ソスソスン的ソスノ古ゑソスソスソスソスニ使ソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスフてゑソスロに異なるメソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB From the perspective of correctness, there is no need to periodically purge Destination and Neighbor Cache entries. Although stale information can potentially remain in the cache indefinitely, the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm ensures that stale information is purged quickly if it is actually being used. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスnソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスノ茨ソスソスソスニ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスソスBソステゑソスソスソスがゑソスソスソスソスツまでゑソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスナ撰ソスソスン的ソスノ残ソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソス驍ェソスAソスソス ソスラ費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスヘ古ゑソスソスソスが、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスロに使ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB To limit the storage needed for the Destination and Neighbor Caches, a node may need to garbage-collect old entries. However, care must be taken to ensure that sufficient space is always present to hold the working set of active entries. A small cache may result in an excessive number of Neighbor Discovery messages if entries are discarded and rebuilt in quick succession. Any Least Recently Used (LRU)-based policy that only reclaims entries that have not been used in some time (e.g., ten minutes or more) should be adequate for garbage-collecting unused entries. ソスソスソスソスノ必ソスvソスネ記ソスソスソスソスソスuソスニ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソス制鯉ソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソステゑソスソスソス ソスレゑソスソスKソスxソス[ソスWソスRソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスAソスN ソスeソスBソスuソスネ搾ソスソスレの難ソスソスソスノ十ソスソスソスネスソスyソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスネゑソス ソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスフてゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスト撰ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスネゑソスAソスノ端ソスネ撰ソスソスフ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソス骼 ソスヤ(ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスPソスOソスソスソスネ擾ソスjソスナ使ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に最近使ソスソス ソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスiソスkソスqソスtソスjソスxソス[ソスXソスフポソスソスソスVソス[ソスナガソスxソス[ソスWソスRソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスホ十ソスソスソスナゑソスソスB A node should retain entries in the Default Router List and the Prefix List until their lifetimes expire. However, a node may garbage-collect entries prematurely if it is low on memory. If not all routers are kept on the Default Router list, a node should retain at least two entries in the Default Router List (and preferably more) in order to maintain robust connectivity for off-link destinations. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソスワで、ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスニプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスレゑソスロつべゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソス ソストゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスKソスxソス[ソスWソスRソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラてのソスソス[ソス^ソスソス ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスフ擾ソスノ保趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスフでなゑソスソスネゑソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスO ソスフ茨ソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚に具ソスソスナな接托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚デソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスナ擾ソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスQソスツ(ソスナゑソスソスソスホゑソスソスソスソスニ托ソスソスソスソスjソスフ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスツべゑソスソスナゑソスソスB When removing an entry from the Prefix List, there is no need to purge any entries from the Destination or Neighbor Caches. Neighbor Unreachability Detection will efficiently purge any entries in these caches that have become invalid. When removing an entry from the Default Router List, however, any entries in the Destination Cache that go through that router must perform next-hop determination again to select a new default router. ソスソスソスレゑソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス闖懶ソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスレゑソスレ的ソスnソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ近暦ソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスナ厄ソスソスソス ソスノなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスレゑソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスハり抜ソスソスソス驤カソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ搾ソスソスレは再び新ソスソスソスソスソスfソスtソスH ソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスヤゑソスソス゚趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスソスソスsソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスB 6. Router and Prefix Discovery 6. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスニプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスTソスソス This section describes router and host behavior related to the Router Discovery portion of Neighbor Discovery. Router Discovery is used to locate neighboring routers as well as learn prefixes and configuration parameters related to stateless address autoconfiguration. ソスソスソスフ章は近隣探ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスTソスソスソスソスソスニ関係ソスソスソスソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスニホソスXソスgソスsソスソスソスソスソスLソスqソスソス ソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスTソスソスソスヘ、ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスニ擾ソスヤなゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスニ関係ソスソス ソスソスン抵ソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスwソスだゑソスAソスラ接ゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソス[ソスフ場所ソスソスヒゑソスソス~ソス゚るたソス゚ゑソス ソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Prefix Discovery is the process through which hosts learn the ranges of IP addresses that reside on-link and can be reached directly without going through a router. Routers send Router Advertisements that indicate whether the sender is willing to be a default router. Router Advertisements also contain Prefix Information options that list the set of prefixes that identify on-link IP addresses. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスTソスソスソスヘホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスハらずソスノ抵ソスソスレ通信 ソスナゑソスソスソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ範囲ゑソスソスwソスヤ手順ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスノはソスソスソスソスNソスフ擾ソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ集ソスソスソスソスソスwソス閧キソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Stateless Address Autoconfiguration must also obtain subnet prefixes as part of configuring addresses. Although the prefixes used for address autoconfiguration are logically distinct from those used for on-link determination, autoconfiguration information is piggybacked on Router Discovery messages to reduce network traffic. Indeed, the same prefixes can be advertised for on-link determination and address autoconfiguration by specifying the appropriate flags in the Prefix Information options. See [ADDRCONF] for details on how autoconfiguration information is processed. ソスソスヤなゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスヘアソスhソスソスソスXソス生撰ソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚にサソスuソスlソスbソスgソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソス得なゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスノ使ソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス_ ソスソスソスIソスノはソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソス閧キソス驍スソス゚に使ソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスニ異なゑソス ソスワゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスソスがゑソスソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソス゚ソスソス[ソス^ソスT ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ擾ソス謔ケソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスロ、ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ適ソスリなフソスソスソスOソスソスソスwソス閧キソス驍アソスニで、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスソス ソスソスソスソスニアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスヌのようソスノ趣ソスソスソスソスン抵ソスソスが擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソス ソスフ詳細は[ADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB 6.1. Message Validation 6.1. ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスmソスF 6.1.1. Validation of Router Solicitation Messages 6.1.1. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ確ソスF Hosts MUST silently discard any received Router Solicitation Messages. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソステゑソスソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスフてまゑソス(MUST)ソスB A router MUST silently discard any received Router Solicitation messages that do not satisfy all of the following validity checks: ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスフ有ソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ゥソス満ゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスMソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスW ソスソステゑソスソスノ捨てまゑソス(MUST)ソスF - The IP Hop Limit field has a value of 255, i.e., the packet could not possibly have been forwarded by a router. - ソスhソスoソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ2ソスTソスTソスフ値ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスネわちソスA ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスナ転ソスソスソスソスソスソストなゑソスソスヘゑソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Checksum is valid. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスヘ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Code is 0. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスRソス[ソスhソスヘ0ソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP length (derived from the IP length) is 8 or more octets. - ソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソス逑セソスソスソスソスjソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスヘ8ソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB - All included options have a length that is greater than zero. - ソスソスソスラてのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘゼソスソスソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - If the IP source address is the unspecified address, there is no source link-layer address option in the message. - ソスソスソスソスソスhソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスノソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The contents of the Reserved field, and of any unrecognized options, MUST be ignored. Future, backward-compatible changes to the protocol may specify the contents of the Reserved field or add new options; backward-incompatible changes may use different Code values. ソス\ソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ難ソスソスeソスソスAソスFソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソスAソス\ソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ抵ソスソスgソスソスソスwソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更 ソスソスソスルなゑソスソスソスソスRソス[ソスhソスlソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The contents of any defined options that are not specified to be used with Router Solicitation messages MUST be ignored and the packet processed as normal. The only defined option that may appear is the Source Link-Layer Address option. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ使ソスソスネゑソスソスニ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスA ソスハ擾ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスンゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスBソスソスフ抵ソス`ソスソスソス黷スソスIソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB A solicitation that passes the validity checks is called a "valid solicitation". ソスLソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスハ過ゑソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスuソスLソスソスソスネ要ソスソスソスvソスニ呼ばゑソスワゑソスソスB 6.1.2. Validation of Router Advertisement Messages 6.1.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ確ソスF A node MUST silently discard any received Router Advertisement messages that do not satisfy all of the following validity checks: ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフ有ソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ゥソス満ゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスMソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソステゑソスソスノ捨てまゑソス(MUST)ソスF - IP Source Address is a link-local address. Routers must use their link-local address as the source for Router Advertisement and Redirect messages so that hosts can uniquely identify routers. - ソスhソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスjソス[ソスN ソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスハでゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスニソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスフソソス[ソスXソスノソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスB - The IP Hop Limit field has a value of 255, i.e., the packet could not possibly have been forwarded by a router. - ソスhソスoソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ2ソスTソスTソスフ値ソスナゑソスソスAソスソスソスネわちソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナ転ソスソスソスソスソスソストなゑソスソスヘゑソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Checksum is valid. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスヘ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Code is 0. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスRソス[ソスhソスヘ0ソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP length (derived from the IP length) is 16 or more octets. - ソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソス逑セソスソスソスソスjソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスヘ8ソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB - All included options have a length that is greater than zero. - ソスソスソスラてのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘゼソスソスソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB The contents of the Reserved field, and of any unrecognized options, MUST be ignored. Future, backward-compatible changes to the protocol may specify the contents of the Reserved field or add new options; backward-incompatible changes may use different Code values. ソス\ソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ難ソスソスeソスソスAソスFソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソスAソス\ソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ抵ソスソスgソスソスソスwソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更 ソスソスソスルなゑソスソスソスソスRソス[ソスhソスlソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The contents of any defined options that are not specified to be used with Router Advertisement messages MUST be ignored and the packet processed as normal. The only defined options that may appear are the Source Link-Layer Address, Prefix Information and MTU options. ソスソスソス[ソス^kソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ使ソスソスネゑソスソスニ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスA ソスハ擾ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスンゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソス ソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスニプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスニMソスsソスtソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソス ソスナゑソスソスB An advertisement that passes the validity checks is called a "valid advertisement". ソスLソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスハ過ゑソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスuソスLソスソスソスネ広ソスソスソスvソスニ呼ばゑソスワゑソスソスB 6.2. Router Specification 6.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスdソスl 6.2.1. Router Configuration Variables 6.2.1. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスン抵ソスマ撰ソス A router MUST allow for the following conceptual variables to be configured by system management. The specific variable names are used for demonstration purposes only, and an implementation is not required to have them, so long as its external behavior is consistent with that described in this document. Default values are specified to simplify configuration in common cases. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメの設定すソス骼滂ソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネ変撰ソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスソス ソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスフ変撰ソスソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ目的ソスナ使ソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフ外ソスソスソスフ行ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフと茨ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフ変撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスツ必ソスvソスヘゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスBソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスソスソスン抵ソスソスPソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に指ソス閧ウソスソスワゑソスソスB The default values for some of the variables listed below may be overridden by specific documents that describe how IPv6 operates over different link layers. This rule simplifies the configuration of Neighbor Discovery over link types with widely differing performance characteristics. ソスソスソスLソスフ変撰ソスソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスソスソスAソスツ別のソスソスソスソスNソスwソスソスナどのようソスノIソスoソスソスソスUソスソス ソスソスソスすソス驍ゥソスLソスqソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ値ソスソスソスDソス謔ウソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ規ソスソスソスヘ広ソスソスソスルなゑソス ソスソズの能ソスヘのソスソスソスソスNソスナの近隣探ソスソスソスフ設抵ソスソスPソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB For each interface: ソスeソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナ: IsRouter A flag indicating whether routing is enabled on this interface. Enabling routing on the interface would imply that a router can forward packets to or from the interface. IsRouter ソスoソスHソスwソス閧ェソスソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナ使ソスpソスツ能ソスソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスB ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナ経ソスHソスwソスソスソスソスソス ソス\ソスノゑソスソス驍アソスニはソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ暦ソスソスソスAソスソスソス驍「 ソスヘ出ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス]ソスソスソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB Default: FALSE ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスソスソスネゑソス AdvSendAdvertisements A flag indicating whether or not the router sends periodic Router Advertisements and responds to Router Solicitations. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送ゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスノ返難ソス ソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスB Default: FALSE ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスソスソスネゑソス Note that AdvSendAdvertisements MUST be FALSE by default so that a node will not accidentally start acting as a router unless it is explicitly configured by system management to send Router Advertisements. ソスソスソスRソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスフ厄ソスソス務め始ソス゚なゑソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ厄ソスソスソス ソスIソスノシソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメにゑソスソスソストソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送ゑソス謔、ソスノ撰ソス ソス閧ウソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスAAdvSendAdvertisementsソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスg ソスソスソスネゑソス(FALSE)ソスノゑソスソス驍アソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB MaxRtrAdvInterval The maximum time allowed between sending unsolicited multicast Router Advertisements from the interface, in seconds. MUST be no less than 4 seconds and no greater than 1800 seconds. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスソスヤ隔ソスフ最托ソスbソスソスソスBソスSソスbソスネ擾ソスPソスWソスOソスOソスb ソスネ会ソスソスナゑソス(MUST)ソスB Default: 600 seconds ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスUソスOソスOソスb MinRtrAdvInterval The minimum time allowed between sending unsolicited multicast Router Advertisements from the interface, in seconds. MUST be no less than 3 seconds and no greater than .75 * MaxRtrAdvInterval. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスソスヤ隔ソスフ最擾ソスソスbソスソスソスBソスRソスbソスネ擾ソスOソスDソスVソスTソス~ MaxRtrAdvIntervalソスbソスネ会ソスソスナゑソス(MUST)ソスB Default: 0.33 * MaxRtrAdvInterval If MaxRtrAdvInterval >= 9 seconds; otherwise, the Default is MaxRtrAdvInterval. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスソスソスソスMaxRtrAdvIntervalソスソスソスXソスbソスネゑソス ソスOソスDソスRソスRソス~MaxRtrAdvIntervalソスGソスナなゑソスソスソスホデソスtソスHソスソスソスg ソスソス MaxRtrAdvIntervalソスナゑソスソスB AdvManagedFlag The TRUE/FALSE value to be placed in the "Managed address configuration" flag field in the Router Advertisement. See [ADDRCONF]. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスナ「ソスヌ暦ソスソスソスソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスvソスtソスソスソスO ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスノ設定さソスソスソス^ソスUソスlソスBソスmADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスソスソストゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Default: FALSE ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスU AdvOtherConfigFlag The TRUE/FALSE value to be placed in the "Other configuration" flag field in the Router Advertisement. See [ADDRCONF]. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソスナ「ソスソスソスフ設抵ソスvソスtソスソスソスOソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスナ設抵ソス ソスソスソスソスソス^ソスUソスlソスBソスmADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Default: FALSE ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスU AdvLinkMTU The value to be placed in MTU options sent by the router. A value of zero indicates that no MTU options are sent. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ設定すソスソスlソスsソスtソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスlソスBソス[ソスソスソスソスソスlソスsソスt ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Default: 0 ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスO AdvReachableTime The value to be placed in the Reachable Time field in the Router Advertisement messages sent by the router. The value zero means unspecified (by this router). MUST be no greater than 3,600,000 milliseconds (1 hour). ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスネ趣ソスソスソス ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスノ設定さソスソスソスlソスBソスOソスフ値ソスヘ(ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスj ソスwソス閧オソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスRソスUソスOソスOソスOソスOソスOソス~ソスソス ソスb ソスiソスPソスソスソスヤ)ソスネ会ソスソスナゑソス(MUST)ソスB Default: 0 ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスO AdvRetransTimer The value to be placed in the Retrans Timer field in the Router Advertisement messages sent by the router. The value zero means unspecified (by this router). ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ再托ソスソス^ソスCソス} ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスノ置ソスソスソスソスソスlソスBソスOソスフ値ソスヘ(ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスj ソスwソス閧オソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Default: 0 ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスO AdvCurHopLimit The default value to be placed in the Cur Hop Limit field in the Router Advertisement messages sent by the router. The value should be set to the current diameter of the Internet. The value zero means unspecified (by this router). ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ鯉ソスソスンのホソスbソスvソスソス ソスEソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスノ設定さソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスBソスlソスヘゑソスソスフイソスソス ソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスフ鯉ソスソスンの抵ソスソスaソスソスソスン定さソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスOソスフ値 ソスヘ(ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスjソスwソス閧オソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Default: The value specified in the "Assigned Numbers" [ASSIGNED] that was in effect at the time of implementation. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスlソスヘ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスフ有ソスソスソスネ「ソスヤ搾ソスソスソスソスソスソスト」 [ASSIGNED]ソスナ指ソス閧オソスワゑソスソスB AdvDefaultLifetime The value to be placed in the Router Lifetime field of Router Advertisements sent from the interface, in seconds. MUST be either zero or between MaxRtrAdvInterval and 9000 seconds. A value of zero indicates that the router is not to be used as a default router. These limits may be overridden by specific documents that describe how IPv6 operates over different link layers. For instance, in a point-to-point link the peers may have enough information about the number and status of devices at the other end so that advertisements are needed less frequently. ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスMソスソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソス ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスノ置ソスソスソスソスソスbソスPソスハの値ソスBソス[ソスソスソスソスソスA MaxRtrAdvIntervalソスニ9ソスOソスOソスOソスbソスフ間でゑソス(MUST)ソスBソス[ソスソス ソスフ値ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニゑソスソスト用ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソス黷シソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスソスソス ソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスヌのようソスノ難ソスソスすソス驍ゥソスLソスqソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソス|ソスCソスソスソスgソスホポソスC ソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスNソスナ、ソスソスソスソスフ番搾ソスソスニ托ソスソスuソス況に対ゑソスソスソス\ソスソスソスネ擾ソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソス゚、ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスxソスノ必ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Default: 3 * MaxRtrAdvInterval ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスF 3 * MaxRtrAdvInterval AdvPrefixList A list of prefixes to be placed in Prefix Information options in Router Advertisement messages sent from the interface. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノ設定さソスソス ソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフソスソスXソスgソスB Default: all prefixes that the router advertises via routing protocols as being on-link for the interface from which the advertisement is sent. The link-local prefix SHOULD NOT be included in the list of advertised prefixes. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス`ソスソスソスOソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスナ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスSソストのプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスB ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスネプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスヘ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスフソスソスXソスgソスノ含めゑソスソスネゑソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD NOT)ソスB Each prefix has an associated: ソスeソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスヘ趣ソスソスフ変撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF AdvValidLifetime The value to be placed in the Valid Lifetime in the Prefix Information option, in seconds. The designated value of all 1's (0xffffffff) represents infinity. Implementations MAY allow AdvValidLifetime to be specified in two ways: ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスソス ソスlソスAソスbソスPソスハ。ソスソスソスラて1ソスフ値ソスi0xffffffffソスjソスヘ厄ソス ソスソスソスソス\ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスAdvValidLifetimeソスソスソスQソスソス ソスフ包ソスソス@ソスナ指ソスソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスF - a time that decrements in real time, that is, one that will result in a Lifetime of zero at the specified time in the future, or - ソスソスソスソスソスAソスwソス閧ウソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスノゼソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスノなゑソス ソス謔、ソスAソスソスソスAソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスノ1ソスbソスソスソスツ鯉ソスソスZソスソスソス驍ゥソスA - a fixed time that stays the same in consecutive advertisements. - ソスナ定しソスソスソスlソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスlソス毎会ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスB Default: 2592000 seconds (30 days), fixed (i.e., stays the same in consecutive advertisements). ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスQソスTソスXソスQソスOソスOソスOソスbソスiソスRソスOソスソスソスjソスナ鯉ソス ソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスB AdvOnLinkFlag The value to be placed in the on-link flag ("L-bit") field in the Prefix Information option. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスt ソスソスソスOソスiソスuソスkソスrソスbソスgソスvソスjソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ値ソスB Default: TRUE ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソス^ Stateless address configuration [ADDRCONF] defines additional information associated with each of the prefixes: ソスソスヤなゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスmADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスニ奇ソス ソスAソスソスソスソスヌ会ソスソスソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソスワゑソスソスF AdvPreferredLifetime The value to be placed in the Preferred Lifetime in the Prefix Information option, in seconds. The designated value of all 1's (0xffffffff) represents infinity. See [ADDRCONF] for details on how this value is used. Implementations MAY allow AdvPreferredLifetime to be specified in two ways: ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ値ソスA ソスbソスPソスハ。ソスソスソスラての1ソスフ値ソスi0xffffffffソスjソスヘ厄ソスソスソス ソスソス\ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスヌのようソスノゑソスソスフ値ソスソスソスgソスソスソス驍ゥソスソス ソスレ細は[ADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスQ ソスツの包ソスソス@ソスソスAdvPreferredLifetimeソスソスソスwソスソスナゑソスソスソス ソス謔、ソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスF - a time that decrements in real time, that is, one that will result in a Lifetime of zero at a specified time in the future, or - ソスソスソスソスソスAソスwソス閧ウソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスノゼソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスノなゑソス ソス謔、ソスAソスソスソスAソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスノ1ソスbソスソスソスツ鯉ソスソスZソスソスソス驍ゥソスA - a fixed time that stays the same in consecutive advertisements. - ソスナ定しソスソスソスlソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスlソス毎会ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスB Default: 604800 seconds (7 days), fixed (i.e., stays the same in consecutive advertisements). This value MUST NOT be larger than AdvValidLifetime. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスUソスOソスSソスWソスOソスOソスbソスiソスVソスソスソスjソスナ固抵ソス ソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスBソスソスソスソス ソスlソスソス AdvValidLifetimeソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソストはなゑソス ソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB AdvAutonomousFlag The value to be placed in the Autonomous Flag field in the Prefix Information option. See [ADDRCONF]. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスtソスソスソスO ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ値ソスBソスmADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Default: TRUE ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソス^ The above variables contain information that is placed in outgoing Router Advertisement messages. Hosts use the received information to initialize a set of analogous variables that control their external behavior (see Section 6.3.2). Some of these host variables (e.g., CurHopLimit, RetransTimer, and ReachableTime) apply to all nodes including routers. In practice, these variables may not actually be present on routers, since their contents can be derived from the variables described above. However, external router behavior MUST be the same as host behavior with respect to these variables. In particular, this includes the occasional randomization of the ReachableTime value as described in Section 6.3.2. ソスソスLソスフ変撰ソスソスヘ外ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ設定すソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ外ソスソスソスソスソスソス制御すソスソズ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスマ撰ソスソスQソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に趣ソスMソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスiソスU.ソスR.ソスQソスヘゑソスソスQソスニ)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスフホソスXソスgソスマ撰ソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、 CurHopLimitソスソスRetransTimerソスソスReachableTimeソスjソスフゑソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスヘ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソス ソズゑソスソスラてのノソス[ソスhソスノ難ソスソストはまゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスロは、ソスソスソスソスソスフ変撰ソスソスヘゑソスソスフ難ソスソスeソスソスソスソス ソスLソスマ撰ソスソスソスソス逑セソスソスソスソスフで、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスノ趣ソスソスロには托ソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスOソスソスソスソスソス迪ゥソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスフ変撰ソスソスノ関ゑソスソストホソスXソスg ソスソスソスソスニ難ソスソスソスソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスソスヘ6.ソスR.ソスQソスヘで記ソスqソスソスソスソスソス ソス謔、ソスノ、ReachableTimeソスlソスフ難ソスソスハな暦ソスソスソスソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスB Protocol constants are defined in Section 10. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス關費ソスソスソスPソスOソスヘで抵ソス`ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 6.2.2. Becoming an Advertising Interface 6.2.2. ソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノなるこソスソス The term "advertising interface" refers to any functioning and enabled interface that has at least one unicast IP address assigned to it and whose corresponding AdvSendAdvertisements flag is TRUE. A router MUST NOT send Router Advertisements out any interface that is not an advertising interface. ソスpソスソスuソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスvソスヘ擾ソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスソスPソスツのソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスホ会ソスソスソスソスソスAdvSendAdvertisementsソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソス^ソスナ難ソスソスしソスト使ソスpソスツ能ソスソス ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナなゑソスソスCソスソス ソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB An interface may become an advertising interface at times other than system startup. For example: ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスフ起ソスソスソスソスソスネ外ソスノ広ソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノなるかソスソスソスソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ: - changing the AdvSendAdvertisements flag on an enabled interface from FALSE to TRUE, or - ソスgソスpソスツ能ソスネイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフ擾ソスソスAdvSendAdvertisementsソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスUソスソス ソスソス^ソスノ変更ソスノなるかソスA - administratively enabling the interface, if it had been administratively disabled, and its AdvSendAdvertisements flag is TRUE, or - AdvSendAdvertisementsソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソス^ソスソスソスソスソスAソスヌ暦ソスソスIソスノ使ソスpソスsソス\ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスCソスソス ソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソス利用ソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスソスソスソスソスA - enabling IP forwarding capability (i.e., changing the system from being a host to being a router), when the interface's AdvSendAdvertisements flag is TRUE. - AdvSendAdvertisementsソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソス^ソスフ場合ソスノ、ソスhソスoソス]ソスソスソス\ソスヘゑソスソスgソスpソスツ能 ソスノゑソスソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソス辜具ソス[ソス^ソスノ変ゑソスソスソスソスソスjソス鼾ソスB A router MUST join the all-routers multicast address on an advertising interface. Routers respond to Router Solicitations sent to the all-routers address and verify the consistency of Router Advertisements sent by neighboring routers. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナ全ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ会ソスソスソスソスソス ソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスSソスソスソス[ソス^ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソス[ソス^ソスv ソスソスソスノ費ソスソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスラ接ソスソス[ソス^ソスノゑソスソスソスト托ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ茨ソスム撰ソスソスソスソスmソスソスソス゚ゑソス ソスソスソスB 6.2.3. Router Advertisement Message Content 6.2.3. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスe A router sends periodic as well as solicited Router Advertisements out its advertising interfaces. Outgoing Router Advertisements are filled with the following values consistent with the message format given in Section 4.2: ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソス鼾ソスニ難ソスソスlソスノ、ソスソスソスソスソスIソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスソスワゑソスソスBソスOソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ4.ソスQソスヘで与ソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスgソスノ従ソスソスソスト以会ソスソスフ値ソスソスソスン定さソスソスワゑソスソスF - In the Router Lifetime field: the interface's configured AdvDefaultLifetime. - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスFソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスAdvDefaultLifetimeソスン抵ソスB - In the M and O flags: the interface's configured AdvManagedFlag and AdvOtherConfigFlag, respectively. - ソスlソスニOソスtソスソスソスOソスFソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフゑソスソス黷シソスソスソスAdvManagedFlagソスソス AdvOtherConfigFlagソスソスン抵ソスBソスmADDRCONFソスnソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB - In the Cur Hop Limit field: the interface's configured CurHopLimit. - ソスソスソスンのホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスFソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスCurHopLimitソスソスン抵ソスB - In the Reachable Time field: the interface's configured AdvReachableTime. - ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスヤフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスFソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスAdvReachableTimeソスソス ソスン抵ソスB - In the Retrans Timer field: the interface's configured AdvRetransTimer. - ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヤフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスFソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスAdvRetransTimerソスソスン抵ソスB - In the options: - ソスCソスモ設抵ソス o Source Link-Layer Address option: link-layer address of the sending interface. This option MAY be omitted to facilitate in-bound load balancing over replicated interfaces. o ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスFソスソスソスMソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフソスソスソス ソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ重ソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナの趣ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスラ包ソスソスUソスソスeソスユにゑソスソス驍スソス゚削除ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスB o MTU option: the interface's configured AdvLinkMTU value if the value is non-zero. If AdvLinkMTU is zero, the MTU option is not sent. o ソスlソスsソスtソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスFソスlソスソスソス[ソスソスソスナなゑソスソスソスホ、ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソス AdvLinkMTUソスlソスソスン抵ソスBソスソスソスソスAdvLinkMTUソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネゑソスAソスlソスsソスtソスIソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB o Prefix Information options: one Prefix Information option for each prefix listed in AdvPrefixList with the option fields set from the information in the AdvPrefixList entry as follows: o ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスFソスeAdvPrefixListソスフ各ソスソスソスレ厄ソスソスソス ソスPソスツのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスン定さソスソスAソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ以会ソスソスフ値 ソスソスン定しソスワゑソスソスF - In the "on-link" flag: the entry's AdvOnLinkFlag. - ソスuソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスtソスソスソスOソスFソスソスソスレゑソスAdvOnLinkFlagソスB - In the Valid Lifetime field: the entry's AdvValidLifetime. - ソスソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスFソスソスソスレゑソスAdvValidLifetimeソスB - In the "Autonomous address configuration" flag: the entry's AdvAutonomousFlag. - ソスuソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスvソスtソスソスソスOソスFソスソスソスレゑソスAdvAutonomousFlagソスB - In the Preferred Lifetime field: the entry's AdvPreferredLifetime. - ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスFソスソスソスレゑソスAdvPreferredLifetimeソスB A router might want to send Router Advertisements without advertising itself as a default router. For instance, a router might advertise prefixes for stateless address autoconfiguration while not wishing to forward packets. Such a router sets the Router Lifetime field in outgoing advertisements to zero. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナゑソスソスソスニ広ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスナソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソス ソス驍アソスニゑソス]ソズゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソス]ソスソスソスソス]ソスワなゑソス ソスソスソスAソスソスヤなゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソスソスソスフようソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ外ソスソスソスLソスソスソスナのソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスソス[ソスソスソスノ設定しソスワゑソスソスB A router MAY choose not to include some or all options when sending unsolicited Router Advertisements. For example, if prefix lifetimes are much longer than AdvDefaultLifetime, including them every few advertisements may be sufficient. However, when responding to a Router Solicitation or while sending the first few initial unsolicited advertisements, a router SHOULD include all options so that all information (e.g., prefixes) is propagated quickly during system initialization. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送る時ソスAソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスソスソス驍「ソスヘゑソスソスラゑソス ソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワまなゑソスソスニ鯉ソスソス゚るかソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスAdvDefaultLifetimeソスソス閧クソスソスソスニ抵ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワめゑソスホ十ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスノ返難ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスAソスナ擾ソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソス送る時ソスヘ、ソスソスソスラての擾ソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、 ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスjソスソスソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスホやくソスヘゑソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソスラてのオソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワむべゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB If including all options causes the size of an advertisement to exceed the link MTU, multiple advertisements can be sent, each containing a subset of the options. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラてのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワむと広ソスソスソスフ大きソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソス超ゑソスソスソスネゑソスA ソスソスソス黷シソス黷ェソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス齦費ソスソスソスワむ托ソスソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソス送るこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 6.2.4. Sending Unsolicited Router Advertisements 6.2.4. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM A host MUST NOT send Router Advertisement messages at any time. ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ擾ソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB Unsolicited Router Advertisements are not strictly periodic: the interval between subsequent transmissions is randomized to reduce the probability of synchronization with the advertisements from other routers on the same link [SYNC]. Each advertising interface has its own timer. Whenever a multicast advertisement is sent from an interface, the timer is reset to a uniformly distributed random value between the interface's configured MinRtrAdvInterval and MaxRtrAdvInterval; expiration of the timer causes the next advertisement to be sent and a new random value to be chosen. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスヘ鯉ソスソスソスソスノ趣ソスソスソスソスIソスナはゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスFソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスワゑソス ソスフ間隔ソスヘ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフ托ソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソスニ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ可能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤キ ソスソスソス゚ソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスナゑソス[SYNC]ソスBソスeソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソス黷シソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスLソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスソスソス骼橸ソスヘゑソスソスツゑソスソスA ソス^ソスCソス}ソスヘイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ設定さソス黷スMinRtrAdvIntervalソスソス MaxRtrAdvIntervalソスフ間の茨ソスlソスソスソスzソスフ暦ソスソスソスソスlソスノソスソスZソスbソスgソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスGソス^ソスCソス}ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ趣ソスソスフ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB For the first few advertisements (up to MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTS) sent from an interface when it becomes an advertising interface, if the randomly chosen interval is greater than MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERT_INTERVAL, the timer SHOULD be set to MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERT_INTERVAL instead. Using a smaller interval for the initial advertisements increases the likelihood of a router being discovered quickly when it first becomes available, in the presence of possible packet loss. ソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスノ最擾ソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ広ソスソス ソスiMAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTSソスソスソスソスjソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスノ選ソスだ間隔ソスソス MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERT_INTERVALソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソス MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERT_INTERVALソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスノ設定すソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスナ擾ソス ソスフ広ソスソスソスナゑソス闖ャソスソスソスソスソスヤ隔ソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニは、ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスフ可能ソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスノ暦ソスソスpソスツ能ソスノなる時ソスノ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソス増ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The information contained in Router Advertisements may change through actions of system management. For instance, the lifetime of advertised prefixes may change, new prefixes could be added, a router could cease to be a router (i.e., switch from being a router to being a host), etc. In such cases, the router MAY transmit up to MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTS unsolicited advertisements, using the same rules as when an interface becomes an advertising interface. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスノ含む擾ソスソスヘシソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメにゑソスソスマ更ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスVソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソス~ソス゚ゑソスソスニゑソスソスiソスソスソスネゑソス ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ変ゑソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスjソスノ、ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ趣ソスソスソス ソスヘ変会ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスヘ、ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスX ソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノなる時ソスニ難ソスソスソスソスKソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスト、 MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTSソスフ間隔ソスナ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスMソスソスソス送るかソスソス ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスB 6.2.5. Ceasing To Be an Advertising Interface 6.2.5. ソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス~ソス゚ゑソス An interface may cease to be an advertising interface, through actions of system management such as: ソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスAソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメにゑソスソスAソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス~ソス゚ゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスF - changing the AdvSendAdvertisements flag of an enabled interface from TRUE to FALSE, or - ソスuソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスuソスUソスvソスノ使ソスpソスツ能ソスネイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスAdvSendAdvertisements ソスtソスソスソスOソスソスマゑソスソス驍ゥソスA - administratively disabling the interface, or - ソスヌ暦ソスソスIソスノイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスニめるかソスA - shutting down the system. - ソス| ソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスbソスgソス_ソスEソスソスソスソスソスソスB In such cases, the router SHOULD transmit one or more (but not more than MAX_FINAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTS) final multicast Router Advertisements on the interface with a Router Lifetime field of zero. In the case of a router becoming a host, the system SHOULD also depart from the all-routers IP multicast group on all interfaces on which the router supports IP multicast (whether or not they had been advertising interfaces). In addition, the host MUST ensure that subsequent Neighbor Advertisement messages sent from the interface have the Router flag set to zero. ソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスソスフ最終ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ ソスLソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナ、ソスiMAX_FINAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTSソス超ゑソスソスネゑソス ソスヘ囲で)ソスソスソス送ゑソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノなゑソス鼾ソスAソスVソスXソスeソスソス ソスヘIソスoソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスTソス|ソス[ソスgソスソスソスソスSソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナ、ソスiソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスノ関係ソスネゑソスソスjソスSソスソスソス[ソス^ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスX ソスgソスOソスソスソス[ソスvソスソスソスソスEソズゑソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスノ、ソスzソスXソスgソスヘイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスX ソスソスソス迹暦ソス骼滂ソスフ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソス[ソスソスソスノ設定さソスソス驍アソスニゑソス ソスロ証ゑソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB Note that system management may disable a router's IP forwarding capability (i.e., changing the system from being a router to being a host), a step that does not necessarily imply that the router's interfaces stop being advertising interfaces. In such cases, subsequent Router Advertisements MUST set the Router Lifetime field to zero. ソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフIソスoソス]ソスソスソス\ソスヘゑソスソス~ソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスが(ソスソスソスソス ソスちソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノシソスXソスeソスソスソスソスマゑソスソスソスjソスAソスソスソスソスヘ必ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフイ ソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソス゚るこソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソス驍オソスネゑソスソスソスソスノ抵ソス ソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソスナソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ ソスソスソスhソスソスソス[ソスソスソスノ設定しソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 6.2.6. Processing Router Solicitations 6.2.6. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソス A host MUST silently discard any received Router Solicitation messages. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソステゑソスソスノ捨てなゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス (MUST)ソスB In addition to sending periodic, unsolicited advertisements, a router sends advertisements in response to valid solicitations received on an advertising interface. A router MAY choose to unicast the response directly to the soliciting host's address (if the solicitation's source address is not the unspecified address), but the usual case is to multicast the response to the all-nodes group. In the latter case, the interface's interval timer is reset to a new random value, as if an unsolicited advertisement had just been sent (see Section 6.2.4). ソスソスソスソスソスIソスノ托ソスソスMソスソスソストゑソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスフほゑソスソスノ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスフ有ソスソスソスネ要ソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソストの広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスiソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスフソソス[ソスXソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナはなゑソスソスソスホ)ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソス ソスソスソスレ要ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスノ回答ゑソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスAソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスハ擾ソスフ場合ソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスSソスmソス[ソスhソスナ回答ゑソスソスワゑソス(MAY)ソスBソスソスメの場合ソスA ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフ間隔ソス^ソスCソス}ソス[ソスヘ、ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソス蛯、ソスヌ托ソスソスソスソスソス ソス謔、ソスノ、ソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスlソスソスン定しソスワゑソスソスiソスU.ソスQ.ソスSソスヘ参ソスニ)ソスB In all cases, Router Advertisements sent in response to a Router Solicitation MUST be delayed by a random time between 0 and MAX_RA_DELAY_TIME seconds. (If a single advertisement is sent in response to multiple solicitations, the delay is relative to the first solicitation.) In addition, consecutive Router Advertisements sent to the all-nodes multicast address MUST be rate limited to no more than one advertisement every MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS seconds. ソスソスOソスネゑソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソスト托ソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスOソスbソスソスソスソス MAX_RA_DELAY_TIMEソスbソスフ間のソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスソスソスヤ遅ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB ソスiソスソスソスソスソスミとつの広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスト托ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスxソスソスヘ最擾ソスソスフ要ソスソス ソスノ対ゑソスソストでゑソスソスjソスBソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスSソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソスソスソス黷スソスAソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスMIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RASソスbソスノ1ソスソスネ会ソスソスノ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス (MUST)ソスB A router might process Router Solicitations as follows: ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスフようソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスF - Upon receipt of a Router Solicitation, compute a random delay within the range 0 through MAX_RA_DELAY_TIME. If the computed value corresponds to a time later than the time the next multicast Router Advertisement is scheduled to be sent, ignore the random delay and send the advertisement at the already-scheduled time. - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスフ際に、ソスOソスソスソスソスMAX_RA_DELAY_TIMEソスフ間のソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスxソスソス ソスソスソスvソスZソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスvソスZソスソスソス黷スソスlソスソスソスソスソスフマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送ゑソス ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスxソスソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソスト、ソスLソスソスソスヘゑソスソスナに予ソス閧ウソス黷スソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB - If the router sent a multicast Router Advertisement (solicited or unsolicited) within the last MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS seconds, schedule the advertisement to be sent at a time corresponding to MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS plus the random value after the previous advertisement was sent. This ensures that the multicast Router Advertisements are rate limited. - ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスナ鯉ソスフ(ソスソスソス閧ウソス黷スソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスjソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスg ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスMIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RASソスbソスネ難ソスソスノ托ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスOソスフ広 ソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスソスMIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RASソス{ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスbソスソスノ托ソスソスソス謔、ソスノ予ソス閧オソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスノなるこ ソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB - Otherwise, schedule the sending of a Router Advertisement at the time given by the random value. - ソスソスソスソスソスナなゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスlソスナ与ソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送信ソスソスソス驍ア ソスニゑソス\ソス閧オソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Note that a router is permitted to send multicast Router Advertisements more frequently than indicated by the MinRtrAdvInterval configuration variable so long as the more frequent advertisements are responses to Router Solicitations. In all cases, however, unsolicited multicast advertisements MUST NOT be sent more frequently than indicated by MinRtrAdvInterval. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスソス答でゑソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスpソスノな広ソスソスソスソスソスA MinRtrAdvIntervalソスン抵ソスマ撰ソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスフゑソス闡スソスソスソスフマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソス ソス送ゑソスフゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスOソスネゑソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスLソスソスソスソスMinRtrAdvIntervalソスネ上送ソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB Router Solicitations in which the Source Address is the unspecified address MUST NOT update the router's Neighbor Cache; solicitations with a proper source address update the Neighbor Cache as follows. If the router already has a Neighbor Cache entry for the solicitation's sender, the solicitation contains a Source Link-Layer Address option, and the received link-layer address differs from that already in the cache, then the link-layer address SHOULD be updated in the appropriate Neighbor Cache entry, and its reachability state MUST also be set to STALE. If there is no existing Neighbor Cache entry for the solicitation's sender, the router creates one, installs the link- layer address and sets its reachability state to STALE as specified in Section 7.3.3. If there is no existing Neighbor Cache entry and no Source Link-Layer Address option was present in the solicitation, the router may respond with either a multicast or a unicast router advertisement. Whether or not a Source Link-Layer Address option is provided, if a Neighbor Cache entry for the solicitation's sender exists (or is created) the entry's IsRouter flag MUST be set to FALSE. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスフ具ソス ソスラキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスGソスKソスリなソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスツ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフようソスノ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスナに要 ソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメの近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスヘソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスI ソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワみ、ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスニ違うソスネゑソスAソス゚暦ソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレのソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ更ソスVソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスソス(SHOULD)ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソス ソスソスヤは古ゑソス(STALE)ソスノ設定さソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメの奇ソスソスソスソスフ近暦ソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスン抵ソス ソスソスソスAソスV.ソスR.ソスRソスヘで指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤに古ゑソス(STALE)ソスソスン定し ソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソストソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソス ソス驍「ソスヘソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスナ返難ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスw ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスンゑソスソス驍ゥソスロゑソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスソス轤クソスAソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメの具ソス ソスラキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスソスiソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ搾ソスソスソスソスjソスネゑソスAソスソスソスレゑソスIsRouterソスt ソスソスソスOソスヘ偽ソスソスン定しソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB 6.2.7. Router Advertisement Consistency 6.2.7. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス Routers SHOULD inspect valid Router Advertisements sent by other routers and verify that the routers are advertising consistent information on a link. Detected inconsistencies indicate that one or more routers might be misconfigured and SHOULD be logged to system or network management. The minimum set of information to check includes: ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスフ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソス ソスソスムゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスmソスソスソス゚ゑソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスo ソスソスソス黷スソスネゑソスAソスPソスツ以擾ソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスン定さソスソストるかソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスト、ソスVソスXソスeソスソス ソスソスソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスヌ暦ソスソスノソスソスOソスソスソスoソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスmソスFソスソスソスラゑソス ソスナ擾ソスソスフ擾ソスソスヘ以会ソスソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスF - Cur Hop Limit values (except for the unspecified value of zero other inconsistencies SHOULD be logged to system network management). - ソスソスソスンのホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスlソスiソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスフ場合ソスAソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスヌ暦ソスソスノ記ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスjソスB - Values of the M or O flags. - ソスlソスソスnソスtソスソスソスOソスフ値ソスB - Reachable Time values (except for the unspecified value of zero). - ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスヤ値ソスiソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスフ値ソスフ場合ソスjソスB - Retrans Timer values (except for the unspecified value of zero). - ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスlソスiソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスフ値ソスフ場合ソスjソスB - Values in the MTU options. - ソスlソスsソスtソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスlソスB - Preferred and Valid Lifetimes for the same prefix. If AdvPreferredLifetime and/or AdvValidLifetime decrement in real time as specified in Section 6.2.1 then the comparison of the lifetimes cannot compare the content of the fields in the Router Advertisement, but must instead compare the time at which the prefix will become deprecated and invalidated, respectively. Due to link propagation delays and potentially poorly synchronized clocks between the routers such comparison SHOULD allow some time skew. - ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソス AdvPreferredLifetimeソスソスAdvValidLifetimeソスソスソスU.ソスQ.ソスPソスヘで指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、 ソスノソスソスAソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスネゑソスAソスvソスZソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ難ソスソスeソスヘ費ソスrソスナゑソスソスネゑソス ソスフで、ソスソスソス黷シソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス}ソスソスソスニ厄ソスソスソスソスノなる時ソスソスソスソスソスrソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスNソス]ソスソスソスソスソスフ遅ソスソスソスニ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヤの撰ソスソスン的ソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ不ソスソスソスSソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚、 ソスソスソスフようソスネ費ソスrソスヘ誤差ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Note that it is not an error for different routers to advertise different sets of prefixes. Also, some routers might leave some fields as unspecified, i.e., with the value zero, while other routers specify values. The logging of errors SHOULD be restricted to conflicting information that causes hosts to switch from one value to another with each received advertisement. ソスルなるルソス[ソス^ソスソスソスルなゑソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスフはエソスソスソス[ソスナはなゑソスソスソスソスニゑソス ソスソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ値ソスソスソス[ソスソスソスAソスソスソスソス ソスちソスwソス閧ケソスソスソスAソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスlソスソスソスwソス閧キソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスOソスヘ、 ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスMソスLソスソスソス得る毎ソスノ値ソスソスリゑソスヨゑソスソス驍アソスニになる矛ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノ撰ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Any other action on reception of Router Advertisement messages by a router is beyond the scope of this document. ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスロの托ソスソスフ難ソスソスソスヘゑソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ範囲外ソスナゑソスソスB 6.2.8. Link-local Address Change 6.2.8. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスマ更 The link-local address on a router should rarely change, if ever. Nodes receiving Neighbor Discovery messages use the source address to identify the sender. If multiple packets from the same router contain different source addresses, nodes will assume they come from different routers, leading to undesirable behavior. For example, a node will ignore Redirect messages that are believed to have been sent by a router other than the current first-hop router. Thus, the source address used in Router Advertisements sent by a particular router must be identical to the target address in a Redirect message when redirecting to that router. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ変更ソスヘ可能ソスネ鯉ソスソス閧キソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスハゑソスソス驍スソス゚にソソス[ソスXソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスフ托ソスソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスルゑソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスワむなゑソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスルなるルソス[ソス^ソスニ考ソスソスソスAソス]ソスワゑソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスsソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスンの最擾ソスソスフホソスbソスvソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスナなゑソスソスニ思ソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスフソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス無趣ソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚難ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ、ソス]ソスソスソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソス驛奇ソス_ソスCソスソスソスN ソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Using the link-local address to uniquely identify routers on the link has the benefit that the address a router is known by should not change when a site renumbers. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスナソスソスjソス[ソスNソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソス驍スソス゚にソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスg ソスソスソスソスソスニは、ソスTソスCソスgソスソスソスiソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスOソスフ際にソスソス[ソス^ソスフ知ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスマゑソス ソスネゑソスソスフでソスソスソスソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB If a router changes the link-local address for one of its interfaces, it SHOULD inform hosts of this change. The router SHOULD multicast a few Router Advertisements from the old link-local address with the Router Lifetime field set to zero and also multicast a few Router Advertisements from the new link-local address. The overall effect should be the same as if one interface ceases being an advertising interface, and a different one starts being an advertising interface. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスA ソスソスソスフ変更ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ知ソス轤ケソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ古ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスナソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス数会ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソス(SHOULD)ソスAソスVソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ撰ソスソスルーソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスB ソスSソスフ的ソスネ鯉ソスソスハはイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソス~ソス゚て、ソスソスソスフイ ソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノなゑソスフと難ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスB 6.3. Host Specification 6.3. ソスzソスXソスgソスdソスl 6.3.1. Host Configuration Variables 6.3.1. ソスzソスXソスgソスン抵ソスマ撰ソス None. ソスネゑソスソスB 6.3.2. Host Variables 6.3.2. ソスzソスXソスgソスマ撰ソス A host maintains certain Neighbor-Discovery-related variables in addition to the data structures defined in Section 5.1. The specific variable names are used for demonstration purposes only, and an implementation is not required to have them, so long as its external behavior is consistent with that described in this document. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスT.ソスPソスヘで抵ソス`ソスソスソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソス\ソスソスソスフほゑソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスソスソスフ近隣探ソスソスソスノ関連ソスソス ソスソスソスマ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスナの難ソスソスソスフ変撰ソスソスフ厄ソスソスOソスヘ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ目的ソスナ使ソスソスソスA ソスソスソスソスソスヘ外ソスハ的ソスネ難ソスソスがソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフと茨ソスvソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソス ソスロに変撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスツようソスヘ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB These variables have default values that are overridden by information received in Router Advertisement messages. The default values are used when there is no router on the link or when all received Router Advertisements have left a particular value unspecified. ソスソスソスソスソスフ変撰ソスソスヘデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスノゑソスソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスAソスSソスソス ソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ値ソスソスソスwソス閧ウソスソスネゑソスソス鼾ソスノ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB The default values in this specification may be overridden by specific documents that describe how IP operates over different link layers. This rule allows Neighbor Discovery to operate over links with widely varying performance characteristics. ソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスソスソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスヘ各ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスソスナどのようソスノIソスoソスソスソスソスソスすソス驍ゥソスL ソスqソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト優ソス謔ウソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフ規ソスソスソスヘ近隣探ソスソス ソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスワな撰ソスソス\ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスナ難ソスソスすソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB For each interface: ソスeソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスノ: LinkMTU The MTU of the link. LinkMTU ソスソスソスソスソスNソスフMソスsソスtソスB Default: The valued defined in the specific document that describes how IPv6 operates over the particular link layer (e.g., [IPv6-ETHER]). ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスナ難ソスソスさソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス@ソスソスソスLソスqソスソスソス髟カソスソス(ソス痰ヲソスソス[IPv6-ETHER])ソスナ指ソス閧キ ソスソスlソスB CurHopLimit The default hop limit to be used when sending IP packets. CurHopLimit ソスhソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソス送る時ソスノ使ソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスフホソスbソスvソスソス ソスEソスB Default: The value specified in the "Assigned Numbers" [ASSIGNED] that was in effect at the time of implementation. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ最新ソスフ「ソスヤ搾ソスソスソスソス闢厄ソスト」 [ASSIGNED]ソスナ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスlソスB BaseReachableTime A base value used for computing the random ReachableTime value. ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスReachableTimeソスソスソスvソスZソスソスソス驍スソス゚の奇ソスbソスlソスB Default: REACHABLE_TIME milliseconds. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFREACHABLE_TIMEソス~ソスソスソスb ReachableTime The time a neighbor is considered reachable after receiving a reachability confirmation. ReachableTime ソスラ人ソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスナ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスノゑソス ソスソスワでの趣ソスソスヤ。 This value should be a uniformly distributed random value between MIN_RANDOM_FACTOR and MAX_RANDOM_FACTOR times BaseReachableTime milliseconds. A new random value should be calculated when BaseReachableTime changes (due to Router Advertisements) or at least every few hours even if no Router Advertisements are received. ソスソスソスフ値ソスソスMIN_RANDOM_FACTORソス~BaseReachableTimeソス~ソスソス ソスbソスソスMAX_RANDOM_FACTORソス~BaseReachableTimeソス~ソスソスソスbソスソス ソスヤの茨ソスlソスソスソスzソスフの値ソスナゑソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソス ソスlソスソスソスAソスiソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスナ)BaseReachableTimeソスソスソスマ更ソスソス ソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスヤ厄ソスソスノ、 ソスvソスZソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスB RetransTimer The time between retransmissions of Neighbor Solicitation messages to a neighbor when resolving the address or when probing the reachability of a neighbor. RetransTimer ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣の難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスTソス骼橸ソスノ近隣ゑソス ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスト托ソスソスソスソスソスヤ隔ソスB Default: RETRANS_TIMER milliseconds ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスFRETRANS_TIMERソス~ソスソスソスb 6.3.3. Interface Initialization 6.3.3. ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス The host joins the all-nodes multicast address on all multicast- capable interfaces. ソスzソスXソスgソスヘゑソスソスラてのマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスホ会ソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナ全ソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス` ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 6.3.4. Processing Received Router Advertisements 6.3.4. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスソスソスソス When multiple routers are present, the information advertised collectively by all routers may be a superset of the information contained in a single Router Advertisement. Moreover, information may also be obtained through other dynamic means like DHCPv6. Hosts accept the union of all received information; the receipt of a Router Advertisement MUST NOT invalidate all information received in a previous advertisement or from another source. However, when received information for a specific parameter (e.g., Link MTU) or option (e.g., Lifetime on a specific Prefix) differs from information received earlier, and the parameter/option can only have one value, the most recently received information is considered authoritative. ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスラてのソスソス[ソス^ソスフ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ集ソスソスソスヘゑソス ソスニつのソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスノ含まゑソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスハ集ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスノ、ソスcソスg ソスbソスoソスソスソスUソスフ様ソスネ托ソスソスフ難ソスソスIソスネ趣ソスiソスソスハゑソスソスト擾ソスが難ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスz ソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスラて趣ソスMソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスト受け難ソスソスソスワゑソスソスGソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスソス ソスソスソスOソスフ広ソスソスソス竭シソスフソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス無鯉ソスソスノゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスフパソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソスjソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソス ソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスjソスフ趣ソスMソスlソスソスソスOソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスlソスニ異ゑソス ソスソスAソスpソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスPソスツゑソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスソスソストなゑソスソス鼾ソスAソスナ鯉ソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソス ソスソスが撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスニ考ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB A Router Advertisement field (e.g., Cur Hop Limit, Reachable Time, and Retrans Timer) may contain a value denoting that it is unspecified. In such cases, the parameter should be ignored and the host should continue using whatever value it is already using. In particular, a host MUST NOT interpret the unspecified value as meaning change back to the default value that was in use before the first Router Advertisement was received. This rule prevents hosts from continually changing an internal variable when one router advertises a specific value, but other routers advertise the unspecified value. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスンのホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスAソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスヤ、ソスト托ソスソス^ ソスCソス}ソスjソスソスソスwソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスワむゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスp ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナ、ソスzソスXソスgソスヘゑソスソスナに使ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスlソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスノ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスwソスソスネゑソスソスフ値ソスソスソスAソスナ擾ソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスOソスソス ソスgソスpソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスlソスヨの変更ソスフ意厄ソスソスニ会ソスソス゚ゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスBソスソスソスフ規ソスソスソスヘ1ソスツのソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスフ値ソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスwソスソスネゑソス ソスフ値ソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソス竄ヲソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ変撰ソスソスソスマゑソスソスソスフゑソスjソス~ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB On receipt of a valid Router Advertisement, a host extracts the source address of the packet and does the following: ソスソスソスソスソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスソスソスノ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスフゑソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF - If the address is not already present in the host's Default Router List, and the advertisement's Router Lifetime is non- zero, create a new entry in the list, and initialize its invalidation timer value from the advertisement's Router Lifetime field. - ソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソスソスソスAソスLソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスソスナなゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスXソスgソスノ新ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスAソスLソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスノで厄ソスソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - If the address is already present in the host's Default Router List as a result of a previously received advertisement, reset its invalidation timer to the Router Lifetime value in the newly received advertisement. - ソスソスソスソスソスOソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスハとゑソスソストホソスXソスgソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソス ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスVソスソスソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスlソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスノ設定しソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB - If the address is already present in the host's Default Router List and the received Router Lifetime value is zero, immediately time-out the entry as specified in Section 6.3.5. - ソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソスAソスソスMソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスノ6.ソスR.ソスTソスヘで指ソス閧オソスソスソスlソスノ搾ソスソスレゑソスソス^ ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB To limit the storage needed for the Default Router List, a host MAY choose not to store all of the router addresses discovered via advertisements. However, a host MUST retain at least two router addresses and SHOULD retain more. Default router selections are made whenever communication to a destination appears to be failing. Thus, the more routers on the list, the more likely an alternative working router can be found quickly (e.g., without having to wait for the next advertisement to arrive). ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスノ必ソスvソスネ記ソスソスソスソスソスuソス制鯉ソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスLソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ一部ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストゑソスソス謔「ソスナゑソス(MAY)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスA ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスソスQソスツのソスソス[ソス^ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホならず(MUST)ソスA ソスソス闡スソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスIソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスヨの抵ソス ソスMソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソストゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ思ソスソスソス骼橸ソスヘゑソスソスツでゑソスソスsソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスXソスgソスソスフソスソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスソス闡スソスソスソスニ、ソスソスソスソスソスソス閧サソス黷セソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスフ難ソスソス中ソスフソスソス[ソス^ソス速ゑソスソスソスソスツゑソス ソス骼厄ソスソスソスナゑソスソストまゑソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスネゑソスソスト済むので)ソスB If the received Cur Hop Limit value is non-zero, the host SHOULD set its CurHopLimit variable to the received value. ソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスンのホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスlソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスCurHopLimitソスマ撰ソス ソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスン定すソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB If the received Reachable Time value is non-zero, the host SHOULD set its BaseReachableTime variable to the received value. If the new value differs from the previous value, the host SHOULD re-compute a new random ReachableTime value. ReachableTime is computed as a uniformly distributed random value between MIN_RANDOM_FACTOR and MAX_RANDOM_FACTOR times the BaseReachableTime. Using a random component eliminates the possibility that Neighbor Unreachability Detection messages will synchronize with each other. ソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスヤ値ソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスBaseReachableTimeソスマ撰ソス ソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスン定すソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスOソスフ値ソスニは違う ソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスヘ新ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスReachableTimeソスlソスソスソスト計ソスZソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB ReachableTimeソスソスMIN_RANDOM_FACTORソスソスMAX_RANDOM_FACTORソスフ間の茨ソスlソスソスソスzソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスBaseReachableTimeソス{ソスフ趣ソスソスヤでゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスネ要ソスfソスソスソスgソスソスソスニ近隣費ソス ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスノ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスソスrソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB In most cases, the advertised Reachable Time value will be the same in consecutive Router Advertisements, and a host's BaseReachableTime rarely changes. In such cases, an implementation SHOULD ensure that a new random value gets re-computed at least once every few hours. ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスフ場合ソスAソスLソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスヤ値ソスヘ連ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスナ難ソスソスソスソスナ、 ソスzソスXソスgソスソスBaseReachableTimeソスヘめゑソスソスソスソスノ変会ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスAソスソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスヤ厄ソスソスノ再計ソスZソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスソス ソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB The RetransTimer variable SHOULD be copied from the Retrans Timer field, if the received value is non-zero. RetransTimerソスマ撰ソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスlソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスネゑソスAソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソス ソスソスRソスsソス[ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB After extracting information from the fixed part of the Router Advertisement message, the advertisement is scanned for valid options. If the advertisement contains a Source Link-Layer Address option, the link-layer address SHOULD be recorded in the Neighbor Cache entry for the router (creating an entry if necessary) and the IsRouter flag in the Neighbor Cache entry MUST be set to TRUE. If no Source Link-Layer Address is included, but a corresponding Neighbor Cache entry exists, its IsRouter flag MUST be set to TRUE. The IsRouter flag is used by Neighbor Unreachability Detection to determine when a router changes to being a host (i.e., no longer capable of forwarding packets). If a Neighbor Cache entry is created for the router, its reachability state MUST be set to STALE as specified in Section 7.3.3. If a cache entry already exists and is updated with a different link-layer address, the reachability state MUST also be set to STALE. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ固定しソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス抽出ソスソスソスソスソスソスナ、ソスLソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス調べまゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスワむなゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレに記ソス^ソスソスソスソス ソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスiソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスナゑソスソスソスネら項ソスレゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスj(SHOULD)ソスAソスソスソスソスソスト近暦ソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスノは真ソスソスン定しソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MSUT)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワまなゑソスソスソスソスAソスホ会ソスソスソスソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソス ソスソスソスンゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソス^ソスノ設定しソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MSUT)ソスB IsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ変ゑソスソスソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス] ソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスjソスソスソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍スソス゚に近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス゚暦ソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフゑソスソス゚に搾ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤゑソス ソスV.ソスR.ソスRソスヘで指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ古ゑソス(STALE)ソスノゑソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス ソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスナに托ソスソスンゑソスソスAソスXソスVソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスルなるリソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソス ソスソスヤゑソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスノゑソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB If the MTU option is present, hosts SHOULD copy the option's value into LinkMTU so long as the value is greater than or equal to the minimum link MTU [IPv6] and does not exceed the maximum LinkMTU value specified in the link-type-specific document (e.g., [IPv6-ETHER]). ソスソスソスソスソスlソスsソスtソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスlソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスt[IPv6]ソスネ擾ソスナ、 ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスLソスフ包ソスソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスソス[IPv6-ETHER]ソスjソスナ指ソス閧キソスソスナ托ソスLinkMTUソスlソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスヘオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスLinkMTUソスノ設定すソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Prefix Information options that have the "on-link" (L) flag set indicate a prefix identifying a range of addresses that should be considered on-link. Note, however, that a Prefix Information option with the on-link flag set to zero conveys no information concerning on-link determination and MUST NOT be interpreted to mean that addresses covered by the prefix are off-link. The only way to cancel a previous on-link indication is to advertise that prefix with the L-bit set and the Lifetime set to zero. The default behavior (see Section 5.2) when sending a packet to an address for which no information is known about the on-link status of the address is to forward the packet to a default router; the reception of a Prefix Information option with the "on-link" (L) flag set to zero does not change this behavior. The reasons for an address being treated as on-link is specified in the definition of "on-link" in Section 2.1. Prefixes with the on-link flag set to zero would normally have the autonomous flag set and be used by [ADDRCONF]. ソスuソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスiソスkソスjソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソストゑソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソス ソスソスソスヘ、ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスwソス閧キソスソスヘ囲のアソスhソスソスソスXソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニ考ソスソスソスソス ソスラゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソス[ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニの鯉ソスソスソスノ関ゑソスソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスN ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ囲のアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニ会ソスソス゚ゑソスソストはなゑソスネゑソス(MUST NOT)ソスA ソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスOソスフオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソス中止ソスソスソスソスBソスソスフ包ソスソス@ソスヘ、ソスkソスrソスb ソスgソスソスン定しソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスOソスノゑソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソス骼厄ソスナゑソスソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスヤに関ゑソスソスト会ソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヨパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソス鼾ソスフデ ソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスフ振ソス髟托ソスソスソスiソスT.ソスQソスヘ参ソスニ)ソスヘデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヨパソスPソスbソスgソスソス]ソスソスソスソス ソス驍アソスニでゑソスソスGソスuソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスiソスkソスjソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソス[ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスヘゑソスソスフ行ソスソスソスソスマゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスニ茨ソスソスソスソス髣 ソスRソスヘ、ソスQ.ソスPソスヘの「ソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスフ抵ソス`ソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソスハゑソスナゑソスソスBソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスt ソスソスソスOソスソスソス[ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスノは通常自ソスソスソスン抵ソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソスA[ADDRCONF] ソスナ使ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB For each Prefix Information option with the on-link flag set, a host does the following: ソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスtソスソスソスOソスフ設定さソス黷スソスソスソス黷シソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノゑソス ソスソスソスト、ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ趣ソスソスフゑソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF - If the prefix is the link-local prefix, silently ignore the Prefix Information option. - ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスネゑソスAソステゑソスソスノプソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - If the prefix is not already present in the Prefix List, and the Prefix Information option's Valid Lifetime field is non-zero, create a new entry for the prefix and initialize its invalidation timer to the Valid Lifetime value in the Prefix Information option. - ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスネゑソスA ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ新ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスLソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスlソスナ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB - If the prefix is already present in the host's Prefix List as the result of a previously received advertisement, reset its invalidation timer to the Valid Lifetime value in the Prefix Information option. If the new Lifetime value is zero, time-out the prefix immediately (see Section 6.3.5). - ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスOソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスハとゑソスソストホソスXソスgソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ有ソスソス ソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスlソスナ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスソスソスソスソスZソスbソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスUソスlソスソスソス[ソスソスソスソス ソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスノプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスiソスU.ソスR.ソスTソスヘ参ソスニ)ソスB - If the Prefix Information option's Valid Lifetime field is zero, and the prefix is not present in the host's Prefix List, silently ignore the option. - ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスソス[ソスソスソスナ、 ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスA ソステゑソスソスノオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Stateless address autoconfiguration [ADDRCONF] may in some circumstances use a larger Valid Lifetime of a prefix or ignore it completely in order to prevent a particular denial-of-service attack. However, since the effect of the same denial of service targeted at the on-link prefix list is not catastrophic (hosts would send packets to a default router and receive a redirect rather than sending packets directly to a neighbor), the Neighbor Discovery protocol does not impose such a check on the prefix lifetime values. Similarly, [ADDRCONF] may impose certain restrictions on the prefix length for address configuration purposes. Therefore, the prefix might be rejected by [ADDRCONF] implementation in the host. However, the prefix length is still valid for on-link determination when combined with other flags in the prefix option. ソスソスヤなゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソス[ADDRCONF]ソスソスソスソスソスソス況でゑソスソス蛯ォソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスN ソスXソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ難ソスソスソスフサソス[ソスrソスXソスロ認ソスUソスソスソスソスWソスソスソス驍スソス゚ゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスX ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスホ象とゑソスソスソスソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスロ認ソスヘ托ソスSソスソスソスナはなゑソスソスiソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスソスソスト抵ソスソスレ隣人ソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソス謔、ソスノソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスN ソスgソスソスソスけゑソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスjソス゚隣探ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスlソスノゑソスソスフゑソス ソスソスソスネチソスFソスbソスNソスソスソスロゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスlソスノ、[ADDRCONF]ソスヘアソスhソスソスソスXソスン抵ソスレ的ソスナのプ ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスロゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚に、ソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスヘホソスXソスgソスソス[ADDRCONF]ソスソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト具ソスソス竄ウソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ托ソスソスフフソスソスソスOソスニ組ソスソスソスさソスソスソス鼾ソスA ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスヘオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスノはまゑソスソスLソスソスソスナゑソスソスB Note: Implementations can choose to process the on-link aspects of the prefixes separately from the stateless address autoconfiguration aspects of the prefixes by, e.g., passing a copy of each valid Router Advertisement message to both an "on-link" and an "addrconf" function. Each function can then operate independently on the prefixes that have the appropriate flag set. ソスmソス[ソスgソスFソスソスソスソスソスヘプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソス@ソス\ソスニアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソス@ソス\ ソスソスソスソスソスノ搾ソス驍アソスニゑソスソスoソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスツまゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフコ ソスsソス[ソスソスソスuソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソス@ソス\ソスニ「ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソスvソス@ソス\ソスフゑソスソス黷シソスソスノ托ソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスoソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス黷シソスソスフ機ソス\ソスソスソスニ暦ソスソスノ、ソスKソスリなフソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスツプソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスノ搾ソスpソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 6.3.5. Timing out Prefixes and Default Routers 6.3.5. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスニデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ Whenever the invalidation timer expires for a Prefix List entry, that entry is discarded. No existing Destination Cache entries need be updated, however. Should a reachability problem arise with an existing Neighbor Cache entry, Neighbor Unreachability Detection will perform any needed recovery. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスレの厄ソスソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスフ搾ソスソスレゑソス ソスフてゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソス ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソス閧ェソスソスソスソスソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレで起ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスA ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスネ回復ゑソスソスsソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB Whenever the Lifetime of an entry in the Default Router List expires, that entry is discarded. When removing a router from the Default Router list, the node MUST update the Destination Cache in such a way that all entries using the router perform next-hop determination again rather than continue sending traffic to the (deleted) router. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスレの趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソスニ、ソスソスソスフ搾ソスソスレは捨てゑソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス闖懶ソスソスソスソスソスAソスiソス除ソスソスソス黷スソスjソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソス ソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソス送り続ソスソスソスソスフではなゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスソスソスsソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスmソス[ ソスhソスヘゑソスソスラての茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 6.3.6. Default Router Selection 6.3.6. ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスIソスソス The algorithm for selecting a router depends in part on whether or not a router is known to be reachable. The exact details of how a node keeps track of a neighbor's reachability state are covered in Section 7.3. The algorithm for selecting a default router is invoked during next-hop determination when no Destination Cache entry exists for an off-link destination or when communication through an existing router appears to be failing. Under normal conditions, a router would be selected the first time traffic is sent to a destination, with subsequent traffic for that destination using the same router as indicated in the Destination Cache modulo any changes to the Destination Cache caused by Redirect messages. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスヤアソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスソスニ知ソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスヌゑソス ソスソスソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソス゚隣の難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤゑソスソスLソス^ソスEソスヌ跡ゑソスソスソスソスソス@ソスフ撰ソスソスm ソスネ細包ソスソスヘ7.ソスRソスヘにゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスヤアソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスヘ、ソスソス ソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスIソスtソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚に托ソスソスンゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソス ソスフ通信ソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソストゑソスソスソスニ思ソスソスソス骼橸ソスフ、ソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスナ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスWソスソス ソスIソスネ擾ソスソスソスソスフ会ソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスヨの最擾ソスソスフトソスソスソスqソスbソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスIソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスAソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ変更ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフゑソス ソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスフ托ソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスヘ難ソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスgソスpソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB The policy for selecting routers from the Default Router List is as follows: ソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス辜具ソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスヘ趣ソスソスフ通ゑソスナゑソスソスF 1) Routers that are reachable or probably reachable (i.e., in any state other than INCOMPLETE) SHOULD be preferred over routers whose reachability is unknown or suspect (i.e., in the INCOMPLETE state, or for which no Neighbor Cache entry exists). Further implementation hints on default router selection when multiple equivalent routers are available are discussed in [LD-SHRE]. 1) ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤ュソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外ソスフ擾ソスヤの)ソスソスソス[ソス^ ソスソスソスAソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスmソスソスソスAソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ疑ソスしソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスsソスソスソスSソスソスヤゑソスソスA ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスンなゑソスソスjソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスDソス謔ウソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ難ソスソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスpソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスソスニゑソスソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスIソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスソス[LD-SHRE]ソスナ論ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 2) When no routers on the list are known to be reachable or probably reachable, routers SHOULD be selected in a round-robin fashion, so that subsequent requests for a default router do not return the same router until all other routers have been selected. 2) ソスソスソスXソスgソスフ擾ソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスナ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソス轤ュソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスA ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスEソスソスソスhソスソスソスrソスソスソスナ選ソスホゑソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスAソスソスソスソスナ趣ソスソスフデ ソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ要ソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスラての托ソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスIソスホゑソスソスワで、ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスヤゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Cycling through the router list in this case ensures that all available routers are actively probed by the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm. A request for a default router is made in conjunction with the sending of a packet to a router, and the selected router will be probed for reachability as a side effect. ソスソスソスフ場合ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスするこソスニはゑソスソスラての暦ソスソスpソスツ能ソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソス\ ソスソスソスIソスノ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト抵ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送るこソスニと関連ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス{ソスソスソスソスAソスIソスホれたソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ包ソスソスソスpソスニゑソスソスト可難ソスソスBソスソスソス調搾ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス蛯、ソスB 6.3.7. Sending Router Solicitations 6.3.7. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM When an interface becomes enabled, a host may be unwilling to wait for the next unsolicited Router Advertisement to locate default routers or learn prefixes. To obtain Router Advertisements quickly, a host SHOULD transmit up to MAX_RTR_SOLICITATIONS Router Solicitation messages, each separated by at least RTR_SOLICITATION_INTERVAL seconds. Router Solicitations may be sent after any of the following events: ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスgソスpソスツ能ソスノなる時ソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスAソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ場所ソスソス ソスヒゑソスソス~ソス゚るかソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスwソスヤゑソスソス゚に、ソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ ソスLソスソスソスソスメつゑソスソスニゑソスソスDソスワなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスホやくソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソス得るた ソス゚に、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスRTR_SOLICITATION_INTERVALソスbソスネ擾ソスフ間隔ソスナ、ソスナ托ソス MAX_RTR_SOLICITATIONSソスツのソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスMソスソスソス送ゑソスラゑソスソスナゑソス (SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ゥソスフイソスxソスソスソスgソスフ鯉ソスノ托ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスF - The interface is initialized at system startup time. - ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスヘシソスXソスeソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスノ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - The interface is reinitialized after a temporary interface failure or after being temporarily disabled by system management. - ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスヘ一時ソスIソスネイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフ擾ソスフ鯉ソスソスAソスVソスXソスeソスソス ソスヌ暦ソスソスメに一時ソスIソスノ抵ソス~ソスソスソス黷スソスソスナ最擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - The system changes from being a router to being a host, by having its IP forwarding capability turned off by system management. - ソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフIソスoソス]ソスソスソス\ソスヘゑソスソス~ソス゚るこソスニで、ソスVソスXソスeソスソス ソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ変会ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - The host attaches to a link for the first time. - ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス゚てソスソスソスソスNソスノつなゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - The host re-attaches to a link after being detached for some time. - ソスzソスXソスgソスヘゑソスソスホらくソスリれたソスソスナソスソスソスソスNソスノ再度ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB A host sends Router Solicitations to the all-routers multicast address. The IP source address is set to either one of the interface's unicast addresses or the unspecified address. The Source Link-Layer Address option SHOULD be set to the host's link-layer address, if the IP source address is not the unspecified address. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスSソスソスソス[ソス^ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスBソスhソスoソス\ソス[ ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ1ソスツゑソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソス ソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスン定しソスワゑソスソスBソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスソス ソスhソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネ外ソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスフソスソスソスソスN ソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスン定すソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB Before a host sends an initial solicitation, it SHOULD delay the transmission for a random amount of time between 0 and MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY. This serves to alleviate congestion when many hosts start up on a link at the same time, such as might happen after recovery from a power failure. If a host has already performed a random delay since the interface became (re)enabled (e.g., as part of Duplicate Address Detection [ADDRCONF]), there is no need to delay again before sending the first Router Solicitation message. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスフ要ソスソスソス送ゑソスOソスノ、ソスOソスソスソスソスMAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAYソスヤのソス ソスソスソス_ソスソスソスソスソスヤの間、ソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスdソスソスソスソスフ会ソス ソスソスソスソスソスフ様ソスネ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノ起ソスソスソスソスソスソスロの衝突の会ソスソスソスノ役立ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスz ソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスナに、ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスNソスソスソスソスノソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスネ遅ソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソストゑソスソスソスネゑソス ソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスdソスソスソスソスソスoソスフ一部ソスソス[ADDRCONF]ソスjソスソスソスソスノ遅ソスソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソスB In some cases, the random delay MAY be omitted if necessary. For instance, a mobile node, using [MIPv6], moving to a new link would need to discover such movement as soon as possible to minimize the amount of packet losses resulting from the change in its topological movement. Router Solicitations provide a useful tool for movement detection in Mobile IPv6 as they allow mobile nodes to determine movement to new links. Hence, if a mobile node received link-layer information indicating that movement might have taken place, it MAY send a Router Solicitation immediately, without random delays. The strength of such indications should be assessed by the mobile node's implementation depending on the level of certainty of the link-layer hints, and it is outside the scope of this specification. Note that using this mechanism inappropriately (e.g., based on weak or transient indications) may result in Router Solicitation storms. Furthermore, simultaneous mobility of a large number of mobile nodes that use this mechanism can result in a large number of solicitations sent simultaneously. ソスソスソスソス鼾ソスノ、ソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスxソスソスソスヘ擾ソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスB ソス痰ヲソスホ、[MIPv6]ソスソスソスgソスソスソスレ難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスノ移難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフ地ソスソスソスI ソスネ移難ソスソスノ起ソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスナ擾ソスソスノゑソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスナゑソスソス驍セソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソス謔、ソスネ難ソスソスソスソス発鯉ソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスレ難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスノ茨ソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ鯉ソスソス閧キソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスネので、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスヘソスソスoソスCソスソスソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスフ移難ソス ソスソスソスoソスノ有ソスvソスネ趣ソスiソスソス供ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスフ、ソスソスソスソスソスレ難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスレ難ソスソスソスソスsソスネゑソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソス\ソスソスソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスwソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスxソスソス ソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソス送るかソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ表ソスソスソスフ具ソス ソスソスソスヘ移難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ確ソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスノ依托ソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスソス ソスZソス閧ウソスソスソスラゑソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスフ仕ソスlソスフ範囲外ソスナゑソスソスBソスsソスKソスソスソスノ(ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソス繧「 ソス\ソスソスソスソスAソス齊橸ソスIソスネ抵ソスソスソスノ奇ソステゑソスソスト)ソスソスソスフ機ソス\ソスソスソスgソスソスソスニ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスフ暦ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス轤キソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスフ機ソス\ソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスフ移難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフ難ソスソスソスソスフ移難ソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスノ托ソスソスソスソス髑スソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソスニゑソス ソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Once the host sends a Router Solicitation, and receives a valid Router Advertisement with a non-zero Router Lifetime, the host MUST desist from sending additional solicitations on that interface, until the next time one of the above events occurs. Moreover, a host SHOULD send at least one solicitation in the case where an advertisement is received prior to having sent a solicitation. Responses to solicited advertisements may contain more information than unsolicited advertisements. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソス送ゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスソスネ外ソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスネソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソスソス ソスけ趣ソスソスニ、ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ趣ソスソスノ擾ソスLソスフイソスxソスソスソスgソスフ1ソスツゑソスソスNソスソスソスソスワで、ソスヌ会ソスソスフ要ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナ托ソスソスソスフゑソスソスソス゚なゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスノ、 ソスvソスソスソス送ゑソスOソスノ広ソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスノ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスソスPソスツの要ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスLソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスソス答は、ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソス ソスソス闡スソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB If a host sends MAX_RTR_SOLICITATIONS solicitations, and receives no Router Advertisements after having waited MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY seconds after sending the last solicitation, the host concludes that there are no routers on the link for the purpose of [ADDRCONF]. However, the host continues to receive and process Router Advertisements messages in the event that routers appear on the link. ソスソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスMAX_RTR_SOLICITATIONSソスツの要ソスソスソス送ゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスト最鯉ソスフ要ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAYソスbソスメゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソスソス ソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソス[ADDRCONF]ソスフ目的ソスナソスソスソスソスNソスノソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソスソスネゑソスソスニ鯉ソスソス_ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスヘ趣ソスMソスソスソスpソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスノ鯉ソスソスソス黷スソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 7. Address Resolution and Neighbor Unreachability Detection 7. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスニ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソス This section describes the functions related to Neighbor Solicitation and Neighbor Advertisement messages and includes descriptions of address resolution and the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm. ソスソスソスフ章は近隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスニ関係ソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソス\ソスソスソスLソスq ソスソスソスAソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスニ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスフ記ソスqソスソスソスワみまゑソスソスB Neighbor Solicitation and Advertisement messages are also used for Duplicate Address Detection as specified by [ADDRCONF]. In particular, Duplicate Address Detection sends Neighbor Solicitation messages with an unspecified source address targeting its own "tentative" address. Such messages trigger nodes already using the address to respond with a multicast Neighbor Advertisement indicating that the address is in use. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスニ広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス[ADDRCONF]ソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスdソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスノ、ソスdソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスナは、ソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス\ソス[ ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ、ソスソスソスMソスメの「ソスソスソスvソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスレ標ソスノ抵ソス゚て、ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ ソスWソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスpソスソスソストゑソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスpソスソスソスニ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニなゑソスワゑソスソスB 7.1. Message Validation 7.1. ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスmソスF 7.1.1. Validation of Neighbor Solicitations 7.1.1. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスフ確ソスF A node MUST silently discard any received Neighbor Solicitation messages that do not satisfy all of the following validity checks: ソスソスソスフ有ソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ゥソス満ゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスMソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソス ソステゑソスソスノ捨てまゑソス(MUST)ソスF - The IP Hop Limit field has a value of 255, i.e., the packet could not possibly have been forwarded by a router. - ソスhソスoソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ値ソスヘ2ソスTソスTソスナゑソスソスAソスソスソスネわちソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスナ転ソスソスソスソスソスソストなゑソスソスヘゑソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Checksum is valid. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスヘ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Code is 0. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスRソス[ソスhソスヘ0ソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP length (derived from the IP length) is 24 or more octets. - ソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソス逑セソスソスソスソスjソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスヘ2ソスSソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB - Target Address is not a multicast address. - ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナはゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB - All included options have a length that is greater than zero. - ソスソスソスラてのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスヘ1ソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB - If the IP source address is the unspecified address, the IP destination address is a solicited-node multicast address. - ソスソスソスソスソスhソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスAソスhソスoソスソスソスソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ要ソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスB - If the IP source address is the unspecified address, there is no source link-layer address option in the message. - ソスソスソスソスソスhソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスAソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスW ソスノソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The contents of the Reserved field, and of any unrecognized options, MUST be ignored. Future, backward-compatible changes to the protocol may specify the contents of the Reserved field or add new options; backward-incompatible changes may use different Code values. ソス\ソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ難ソスソスeソスソスAソスFソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソスAソス\ソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ抵ソスソスgソスソスソスwソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更 ソスソスソスルなゑソスソスソスソスRソス[ソスhソスlソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The contents of any defined options that are not specified to be used with Neighbor Solicitation messages MUST be ignored and the packet processed as normal. The only defined option that may appear is the Source Link-Layer Address option. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ使ソスソスネゑソスソスニ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスA ソスハ擾ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスンゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスBソスソスフ抵ソス`ソスソスソス黷スソスIソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB A Neighbor Solicitation that passes the validity checks is called a "valid solicitation". ソスLソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスpソスXソスソスソスソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスuソスLソスソスソスネ要ソスソスソスvソスニ呼ばゑソスワゑソスソスB 7.1.2. Validation of Neighbor Advertisements 7.1.2. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ確ソスF A node MUST silently discard any received Neighbor Advertisement messages that do not satisfy all of the following validity checks: ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフ有ソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ゥソス満ゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスMソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソステゑソスソスノ捨てまゑソス(MUST)ソスF - The IP Hop Limit field has a value of 255, i.e., the packet could not possibly have been forwarded by a router. - ソスhソスoソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ値ソスヘ2ソスTソスTソスナゑソスソスAソスソスソスネわちソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナ転ソスソスソスソスソスソストなゑソスソスヘゑソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Checksum is valid. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスヘ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Code is 0. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスRソス[ソスhソスヘ0ソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP length (derived from the IP length) is 24 or more octets. - ソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソス逑セソスソスソスソスjソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスヘ2ソスSソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB - Target Address is not a multicast address. - ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナはゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB - If the IP Destination Address is a multicast address the Solicited flag is zero. - ソスソスソスソスソスhソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスAソスvソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソス ソス[ソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - All included options have a length that is greater than zero. - ソスソスソスラてのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスヘ1ソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB The contents of the Reserved field, and of any unrecognized options, MUST be ignored. Future, backward-compatible changes to the protocol may specify the contents of the Reserved field or add new options; backward-incompatible changes may use different Code values. ソス\ソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ難ソスソスeソスソスAソスFソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソスAソス\ソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ抵ソスソスgソスソスソスwソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更 ソスソスソスルなゑソスソスソスソスRソス[ソスhソスlソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The contents of any defined options that are not specified to be used with Neighbor Advertisement messages MUST be ignored and the packet processed as normal. The only defined option that may appear is the Target Link-Layer Address option. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ使ソスソスネゑソスソスニ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスA ソスハ擾ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスンゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスBソスソスフ抵ソス`ソスソスソス黷スソスIソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ目標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB A Neighbor Advertisements that passes the validity checks is called a "valid advertisement". ソスLソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスpソスXソスソスソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスuソスLソスソスソスネ広ソスソスソスvソスニ呼ばゑソスワゑソスソスB 7.2. Address Resolution 7.2. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソス Address resolution is the process through which a node determines the link-layer address of a neighbor given only its IP address. Address resolution is performed only on addresses that are determined to be on-link and for which the sender does not know the corresponding link-layer address (see Section 5.2). Address resolution is never performed on multicast addresses. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスヘノソス[ソスhソスソスソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスmソスソスネゑソスソス鼾ソスノ近隣のソスソスソスソスN ソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キソスソス闖ソスナゑソスソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソス骭茨ソス閧ウソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスホ会ソスソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスmソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対ゑソスソスト行ソスソス ソスソスワゑソスソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対ゑソスソストは行ソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB It is possible that a host may receive a solicitation, a router advertisement, or a Redirect message without a link-layer address option included. These messages MUST NOT create or update neighbor cache entries, except with respect to the IsRouter flag as specified in Sections 6.3.4 and 7.2.5. If a Neighbor Cache entry does not exist for the source of such a message, Address Resolution will be required before unicast communications with that address can begin. This is particularly relevant for unicast responses to solicitations where an additional packet exchange is required for advertisement delivery. ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワまなゑソスソスAソスvソスソスソス窿具ソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス窿 ソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスけるかソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ、 ソスU.ソスR.ソスSソスヘと7.ソスQ.ソスTソスヘで指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、IsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスノ関ゑソスソス骼厄ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスト、ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソス成ソスソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフようソスネソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフソソス[ソスXソスノ対ゑソスソスト近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスニのソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスフ通信ソスソスソスnソスワゑソスOソスノ、ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスヘ広ソスソスソスzソスBソスノ追会ソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスニゑソス ソスソスソスvソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソス驛ソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスノ難ソスソスノ適ソスリでゑソスソスB 7.2.1. Interface Initialization 7.2.1. ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス When a multicast-capable interface becomes enabled, the node MUST join the all-nodes multicast address on that interface, as well as the solicited-node multicast address corresponding to each of the IP addresses assigned to the interface. ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスホ会ソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスgソスpソスツ能ソスノなる時ソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ、ソスCソスソス ソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソス黷スソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフゑソスソス黷シソスソスノ対会ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスvソスソスソスmソス[ ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ、ソスソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスフ全ソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソス ソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB The set of addresses assigned to an interface may change over time. New addresses might be added and old addresses might be removed [ADDRCONF]. In such cases the node MUST join and leave the solicited-node multicast address corresponding to the new and old addresses, respectively. Joining the solicited-node multicast address is done using a Multicast Listener Discovery such as [MLD] or [MLDv2] protocols. Note that multiple unicast addresses may map into the same solicited-node multicast address; a node MUST NOT leave the solicited-node multicast group until all assigned addresses corresponding to that multicast address have been removed. ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ抵ソスソスソスソスソスソスヤの間に変会ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスVソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスAソステゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス除ソスソス ソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス[ADDRCONF]ソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ新ソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスホ会ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスノ参ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソステゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソスソス ソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス逞」ソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスBソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスg ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ会ソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソス[MLD]ソスソス[MLDv2]ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフようソスネマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスX ソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスTソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスト行ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスv ソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスGソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ、ソスソスソスフマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驫ソス闢厄ソストゑソス ソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスSソスト削除ソスソスソスソスソスワで、ソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスOソスソスソス[ソスvソスソス ソス逞」ソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB 7.2.2. Sending Neighbor Solicitations 7.2.2. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM When a node has a unicast packet to send to a neighbor, but does not know the neighbor's link-layer address, it performs address resolution. For multicast-capable interfaces, this entails creating a Neighbor Cache entry in the INCOMPLETE state and transmitting a Neighbor Solicitation message targeted at the neighbor. The solicitation is sent to the solicited-node multicast address corresponding to the target address. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスラ人ソスノ托ソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ェソスAソス゚隣のソスソスソス ソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスmソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスAソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスホ会ソス ソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナゑソスソスソスヘ不ソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE)ソスソスヤの近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソス ソスソスソスAソスラ人ソスソスホ象にゑソスソスソスソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送信ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスvソスソスソスヘ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB If the source address of the packet prompting the solicitation is the same as one of the addresses assigned to the outgoing interface, that address SHOULD be placed in the IP Source Address of the outgoing solicitation. Otherwise, any one of the addresses assigned to the interface should be used. Using the prompting packet's source address when possible ensures that the recipient of the Neighbor Solicitation installs in its Neighbor Cache the IP address that is highly likely to be used in subsequent return traffic belonging to the prompting packet's "connection". ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ ソスXソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスフ1ソスツと難ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ外ソスソスソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスフIソスoソス\ソス[ソスX ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ設定さソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスX ソスノ奇ソスソスソスソストゑソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ1ソスツゑソスソスgソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスp ソスPソスbソスgソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスネ場合ソスAソスソスソスソスヘ近隣要ソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスソス ソスソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスノIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソス骼厄ソスソスロ障しソスAソスソスソスソスソスヨ係ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスg ソスソスソスqソスbソスNソスナ使ソスソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB If the solicitation is being sent to a solicited-node multicast address, the sender MUST include its link-layer address (if it has one) as a Source Link-Layer Address option. Otherwise, the sender SHOULD include its link-layer address (if it has one) as a Source Link-Layer Address option. Including the source link-layer address in a multicast solicitation is required to give the target an address to which it can send the Neighbor Advertisement. On unicast solicitations, an implementation MAY omit the Source Link-Layer Address option. The assumption here is that if the sender has a peer's link-layer address in its cache, there is a high probability that the peer will also have an entry in its cache for the sender. Consequently, it need not be sent. ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスiソスソスソスソスソスソスソス黷ェソスPソスツなゑソスjソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスv ソスVソスソスソスソスソスノ含めまゑソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスiソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス黷ェソスPソスツなゑソスjソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノ含めゑソスラゑソスソスナゑソス (SHOULD)ソスBソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスノソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワめるこソスニで厄ソス ソスWソスノ近隣広ソスソスソス送ゑソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス^ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスoソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスvソスソス ソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソスフ会ソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス蛯ェソスソスソスフキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスノ托ソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソス ソスツなゑソスAソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメのキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスノ托ソスソスソスフ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスツ確ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスナゑソスソスBソス]ソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスソス送ゑソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB While waiting for address resolution to complete, the sender MUST, for each neighbor, retain a small queue of packets waiting for address resolution to complete. The queue MUST hold at least one packet, and MAY contain more. However, the number of queued packets per neighbor SHOULD be limited to some small value. When a queue overflows, the new arrival SHOULD replace the oldest entry. Once address resolution completes, the node transmits any queued packets. ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスフ奇ソスソスソスソスソスメつ間に、ソスソスソスMソスメは近隣厄ソスソスノ、ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスメつパ ソスPソスbソスgソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスsソスソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスヘ擾ソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスPソスツのパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスAソスソスソスソスノ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスワむゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスBソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソス゚隣厄ソスソスフ待ゑソスソスsソスソスノ難ソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ撰ソスソスヘゑソスソス髀ャソスソスソスネ値ソスノ撰ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスがオソス[ソスoソス[ソスtソスソスソス[ソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ最ゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスuソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ、 ソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ待ゑソスソスsソスソスノ難ソスソスソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス`ソスBソスソスソスワゑソスソスB While awaiting a response, the sender SHOULD retransmit Neighbor Solicitation messages approximately every RetransTimer milliseconds, even in the absence of additional traffic to the neighbor. Retransmissions MUST be rate-limited to at most one solicitation per neighbor every RetransTimer milliseconds. ソス答ゑソスメつ間、ソス゚隣への追会ソスソスgソスソスソスqソスbソスNソスソスソスネゑソスソストゑソスソスAソスソスソスMソスメは近隣要ソスソスソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソス謔サRetransTimerソス~ソスソスソスbソスヤ隔ソスナ托ソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスト托ソスソスヘ、 ソス゚隣厄ソスソスノ、RetransTimerソス~ソスソスソスbソスソスソスノ1ソスツ以会ソスソスフ要ソスソスソスノ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスソス ソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB If no Neighbor Advertisement is received after MAX_MULTICAST_SOLICIT solicitations, address resolution has failed. The sender MUST return ICMP destination unreachable indications with code 3 (Address Unreachable) for each packet queued awaiting address resolution. ソスソスソスソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスMAX_MULTICAST_SOLICITソスツの要ソスソスソス送ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスA ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスsソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスMソスメはアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスsソス中の各ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスRソス[ソスhソスRソスiソスソスソスBソスsソスツ能ソスネアソスhソスソスソスXソスjソスフIソスbソスlソスoソスソスヤゑソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB 7.2.3. Receipt of Neighbor Solicitations 7.2.3. ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスフ趣ソスM A valid Neighbor Solicitation that does not meet any of the following requirements MUST be silently discarded: ソスソスソスフどれかソスフ擾ソスソスソスソス満ゑソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスネ近隣要ソスソスソスヘ静ゑソスソスノ捨てなゑソスソスソスホなゑソスソス ソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスF - The Target Address is a "valid" unicast or anycast address assigned to the receiving interface [ADDRCONF], - ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ趣ソスMソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソス黷スソスAソスuソスソスソスソスソスvソスネソスソスj ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソス[ADDRCONF]ソスB - The Target Address is a unicast or anycast address for which the node is offering proxy service, or - ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘノソス[ソスhソスソスソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソス供ゑソスソストゑソスソス驛ソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスg ソスソスソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスB - The Target Address is a "tentative" address on which Duplicate Address Detection is being performed [ADDRCONF]. - ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ重ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソストゑソスソスソスuソスソスソスvソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソス [ADDRCONF]ソスB If the Target Address is tentative, the Neighbor Solicitation should be processed as described in [ADDRCONF]. Otherwise, the following description applies. If the Source Address is not the unspecified address and, on link layers that have addresses, the solicitation includes a Source Link-Layer Address option, then the recipient SHOULD create or update the Neighbor Cache entry for the IP Source Address of the solicitation. If an entry does not already exist, the node SHOULD create a new one and set its reachability state to STALE as specified in Section 7.3.3. If an entry already exists, and the cached link-layer address differs from the one in the received Source Link-Layer option, the cached address should be replaced by the received address, and the entry's reachability state MUST be set to STALE. ソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソス[ADDRCONF]ソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ擾ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスソスフ記ソスqソスソスKソスpソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ ソスXソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワむなゑソスAソスソスMソスメは要ソスソスソスフIソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソス驍ゥソスXソスVソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスンゑソス ソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスV.ソスR.ソスRソスヘで指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノノソス[ソスhソスヘ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソス闢橸ソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソス ソスヤに古ゑソス(STALE)ソスソスン定すソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスナに托ソスソスンゑソスソスA ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスニ違うソスネゑソスAソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ置ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスナ、ソスソスソスレの難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤは古ゑソス(STALE)ソスノゑソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB If a Neighbor Cache entry is created, the IsRouter flag SHOULD be set to FALSE. This will be the case even if the Neighbor Solicitation is sent by a router since the Neighbor Solicitation messages do not contain an indication of whether or not the sender is a router. In the event that the sender is a router, subsequent Neighbor Advertisement or Router Advertisement messages will set the correct IsRouter value. If a Neighbor Cache entry already exists, its IsRouter flag MUST NOT be modified. ソスソスソスソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスノ偽ソスソスン定すソスソスソス ソスソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスニゑソスソス゚隣要ソスソスソス送ゑソスソスソスソスフゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナゑソスソスソスソストゑソスソスAソス゚隣要ソスソス ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ托ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスヌゑソスソスソスソスフ表ソスソスソスソスソスワまなゑソスソスフで、ソスUソスソスソス ソス閧オソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナゑソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスフ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIsRouterソスlソスソスソスツゑソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスCソスソスソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB If the Source Address is the unspecified address, the node MUST NOT create or update the Neighbor Cache entry. ソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ近隣キソスソスソスb ソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB After any updates to the Neighbor Cache, the node sends a Neighbor Advertisement response as described in the next section. ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフ更ソスVソスフ鯉ソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ、ソスソスソスヘで記ソスqソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソス゚隣広ソスソス ソス答を送ゑソスワゑソスソスB 7.2.4. Sending Solicited Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.4. ソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ托ソスソスM A node sends a Neighbor Advertisement in response to a valid Neighbor Solicitation targeting one of the node's assigned addresses. The Target Address of the advertisement is copied from the Target Address of the solicitation. If the solicitation's IP Destination Address is not a multicast address, the Target Link-Layer Address option MAY be omitted; the neighboring node's cached value must already be current in order for the solicitation to have been received. If the solicitation's IP Destination Address is a multicast address, the Target Link-Layer option MUST be included in the advertisement. Furthermore, if the node is a router, it MUST set the Router flag to one; otherwise, it MUST set the flag to zero. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネ近隣要ソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソストの近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスフ1ソスツに托ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスLソスソスソスフ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ要ソスソスソスフ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスRソスsソス[ソスソス ソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスフIソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナなゑソスソスネゑソスA ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ省暦ソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスGソスラ撰ソス ソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスlソスヘ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスナゑソスソスソスソスフで最新ソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスフIソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスAソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスw ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスノ含めなゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスtソスソスソスOソスノ1ソスソスン定しソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスGソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホフ ソスソスソスOソスノゼソスソスソスソスン定しソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB If the Target Address is either an anycast address or a unicast address for which the node is providing proxy service, or the Target Link-Layer Address option is not included, the Override flag SHOULD be set to zero. Otherwise, the Override flag SHOULD be set to one. Proper setting of the Override flag ensures that nodes give preference to non-proxy advertisements, even when received after proxy advertisements, and also ensures that the first advertisement for an anycast address "wins". ソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驛ソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスAソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスI ソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワまゑソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスヘゼソスソスソスソスン定すソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソスナなゑソスソスソスホ、ソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスン定すソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスO ソスソスKソスリに設定すソス驍アソスニはノソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスノ受け趣ソスソスソスソスソスロに、ソスソス ソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスフ広ソスソスソスソスDソス謔キソス骼厄ソスソスロ証ゑソスソスAソスナ擾ソスソスフエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスLソスソスソスソス ソスuソスソスソスツ」ソスソスソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB If the source of the solicitation is the unspecified address, the node MUST set the Solicited flag to zero and multicast the advertisement to the all-nodes address. Otherwise, the node MUST set the Solicited flag to one and unicast the advertisement to the Source Address of the solicitation. ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスフソソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ要ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソス ソス[ソスソスソスソスン定しソスAソスSソスmソス[ソスhソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヨマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス (MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスナなゑソスソスソスホ、ソスvソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスノ1ソスソスン定しソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ要ソスソスソスフソソス[ソスX ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB If the Target Address is an anycast address, the sender SHOULD delay sending a response for a random time between 0 and MAX_ANYCAST_DELAY_TIME seconds. ソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソスAソスソスソスMソスメは0ソスbソスソスソスソス MAX_ANYCAST_DELAY_TIMEソスbソスフ間のソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスヤ回答の托ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスソス ソスソス(SHOULD)ソスB Because unicast Neighbor Solicitations are not required to include a Source Link-Layer Address, it is possible that a node sending a solicited Neighbor Advertisement does not have a corresponding link- layer address for its neighbor in its Neighbor Cache. In such situations, a node will first have to use Neighbor Discovery to determine the link-layer address of its neighbor (i.e., send out a multicast Neighbor Solicitation). ソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワむようソスノ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソス ソスフで、ソスソスソス閧ウソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソス送ゑソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスノ近隣に対会ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニはゑソスソス閧ヲソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスmソス[ ソスhソスソスソス゚隣のソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍スソス゚に最擾ソスソスノ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソス ソスソスホなゑソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソス゚隣要ソスソスソス送ゑソスソストゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスjソスB 7.2.5. Receipt of Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.5. ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ趣ソスM When a valid Neighbor Advertisement is received (either solicited or unsolicited), the Neighbor Cache is searched for the target's entry. If no entry exists, the advertisement SHOULD be silently discarded. There is no need to create an entry if none exists, since the recipient has apparently not initiated any communication with the target. ソスiソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスjソスソスソスソスソスネ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソス゚暦ソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスフ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスLソスソス ソスヘ静ゑソスソスノ捨てゑソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスレゑソスソスネゑソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスMソスメは目標ソスニ抵ソス ソスMソスソスソスnソス゚てゑソスソスネゑソスソスフで、ソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Once the appropriate Neighbor Cache entry has been located, the specific actions taken depend on the state of the Neighbor Cache entry, the flags in the advertisement, and the actual link-layer address supplied. ソスKソスリな近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソス{ソスソスソス體ョソスソスヘ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソス ソスレの擾ソスヤゑソスAソスLソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスAソスソスソスロのソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ依托ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB If the target's Neighbor Cache entry is in the INCOMPLETE state when the advertisement is received, one of two things happens. If the link layer has addresses and no Target Link-Layer Address option is included, the receiving node SHOULD silently discard the received advertisement. Otherwise, the receiving node performs the following steps: ソスLソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスフ目標ソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスsソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE)ソスネゑソスAソスQソスツゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスPソスツゑソスソスNソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワまゑソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスMソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ静ゑソスソスノ受け趣ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスフゑソス ソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスナなゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスMソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ趣ソスソスフ手順ソスソスソスsソスソスソスワゑソスソスF - It records the link-layer address in the Neighbor Cache entry. - ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレのソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスLソス^ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - If the advertisement's Solicited flag is set, the state of the entry is set to REACHABLE; otherwise, it is set to STALE. - ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソストゑソスネゑソスAソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤは難ソスソスBソスツ能 (REACHABLE)ソスノ設定さソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ古ゑソス(STALE)ソスソスン定しソスワゑソスソスB - It sets the IsRouter flag in the cache entry based on the Router flag in the received advertisement. - ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスMソスLソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスtソスソスソスOソスノ奇ソステゑソスソスソス ソスン定しソスワゑソスソスB - It sends any packets queued for the neighbor awaiting address resolution. - ソス゚隣アソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスLソスソスソス[ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソス送信ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Note that the Override flag is ignored if the entry is in the INCOMPLETE state. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスsソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE)ソスソスヤなゑソスAソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソス ソスソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB If the target's Neighbor Cache entry is in any state other than INCOMPLETE when the advertisement is received, the following actions take place: ソスソスソスソスソスAソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスレ標ソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスsソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE) ソスナなゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフ行ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスワゑソスソスF I. If the Override flag is clear and the supplied link-layer address differs from that in the cache, then one of two actions takes place: I. ソスソスソスソスソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソス黷クソスAソスソスソスソスソスト具ソスソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフと違うソスネゑソスAソスQソスツの行ソスソスソスフゑソスソスソスソスPソスツゑソスソスNソスソスソスワゑソスソスF a. If the state of the entry is REACHABLE, set it to STALE, but do not update the entry in any other way. a. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤゑソスソスソスソスBソスツ能(REACHABLE)ソスナゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスソステゑソス(STALE) ソスノ設定しソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネ外ソスヘ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスXソスVソスソスソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB b. Otherwise, the received advertisement should be ignored and MUST NOT update the cache. b. ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソストキソスソスソスbソスVソスソス ソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB II. If the Override flag is set, or the supplied link-layer address is the same as that in the cache, or no Target Link-Layer Address option was supplied, the received advertisement MUST update the Neighbor Cache entry as follows: II. ソスソスソスソスソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソス驍ゥソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスニ難ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスAソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスフようソスノ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソス ソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスF - The link-layer address in the Target Link-Layer Address option MUST be inserted in the cache (if one is supplied and differs from the already recorded address). - ソスレ標ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス ソスノ挿ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスiソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス^ソスソス ソスソスソスト、ソス痰、ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスノ記ソス^ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスホ)ソスB - If the Solicited flag is set, the state of the entry MUST be set to REACHABLE. If the Solicited flag is zero and the link- layer address was updated with a different address, the state MUST be set to STALE. Otherwise, the entry's state remains unchanged. - ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤを到達ソスツ能(REACHABLE) ソスノ設定しソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソス[ソスソスソスナソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスルゑソス ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ更ソスVソスソスソス黷スソスネゑソスAソスソスヤは古ゑソス(STALE)ソスノ設定さソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、ソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤは変会ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスワまでゑソスソスB An advertisement's Solicited flag should only be set if the advertisement is a response to a Neighbor Solicitation. Because Neighbor Unreachability Detection Solicitations are sent to the cached link-layer address, receipt of a solicited advertisement indicates that the forward path is working. Receipt of an unsolicited advertisement, however, may indicate that a neighbor has urgent information to announce (e.g., a changed link-layer address). If the urgent information indicates a change from what a node is currently using, the node should verify the reachability of the (new) path when it sends the next packet. There is no need to update the state for unsolicited advertisements that do not change the contents of the cache. ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソス゚隣要ソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスソス答でゑソスソス骼橸ソスソスソスソスソスAソスLソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソス ソスン定さソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスN ソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスLソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスヘ托ソスソスMソスpソスXソスソスソス動ソスソス ソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスヘ、ソス゚隣ゑソス ソスソスソス\ソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスル急ソスフ擾ソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ変更ソスjソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスル急ソスフ擾ソスがノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスン使ソスソスソストゑソス ソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ変更ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスニゑソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソス ソスiソスVソスソスソスソスソスjソスpソスXソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスg ソスソスマゑソスソスネゑソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスナは擾ソスヤゑソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB - The IsRouter flag in the cache entry MUST be set based on the Router flag in the received advertisement. In those cases where the IsRouter flag changes from TRUE to FALSE as a result of this update, the node MUST remove that router from the Default Router List and update the Destination Cache entries for all destinations using that neighbor as a router as specified in Section 7.3.3. This is needed to detect when a node that is used as a router stops forwarding packets due to being configured as a host. - ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスヘ趣ソスMソスLソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスtソスソスソスOソスノ奇ソスソス ソスソスソスト設定さソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスフ更 ソスVソスフ鯉ソスソスハ、ソス^ソスソスソスソスUソスノ変会ソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ7.ソスR.ソスRソスヘで指ソス閧ウ ソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソス謠懶ソスソス(MUST)ソスA ソスソスソスソスソスト近隣ゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニゑソスソス驍キソスラての茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスXソスVソスソスソスネゑソス ソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニゑソスソスト使ソスpソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスA ソスzソスXソスgソスニ設定さソスソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソス]ソスソスソスソスソスソス゚ゑソスソスフゑソスソスソスソスoソスソスソス驍スソス゚に必ソスv ソスナゑソスソスB The above rules ensure that the cache is updated either when the Neighbor Advertisement takes precedence (i.e., the Override flag is set) or when the Neighbor Advertisement refers to the same link-layer address that is currently recorded in the cache. If none of the above apply, the advertisement prompts future Neighbor Unreachability Detection (if it is not already in progress) by changing the state in the cache entry. ソスソスLソスフ規ソスソスソスヘ、ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスDソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスン定さソスソストゑソスソスソスj ソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスAソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスンキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスノ記ソス^ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフと難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスQソスニゑソスソス骼橸ソスAソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスフゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスKソスpソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスLソスソスソスヘキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤゑソスマゑソスソス驍アソスニで厄ソスソスソスソスフ具ソス ソスラ費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスiソスソスソスソスソスソスソス黷ェソスソスソスナに進ソスsソスソスソスナはなゑソスソスネゑソスjソス促ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 7.2.6. Sending Unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.6. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソス送るこソスソス In some cases, a node may be able to determine that its link-layer address has changed (e.g., hot-swap of an interface card) and may wish to inform its neighbors of the new link-layer address quickly. In such cases, a node MAY send up to MAX_NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT unsolicited Neighbor Advertisement messages to the all-nodes multicast address. These advertisements MUST be separated by at least RetransTimer seconds. ソスソスソスソス鼾ソスノはノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスマ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスニ鯉ソスソス閧キソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソス ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスト(ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスJソス[ソスhソスソスソスzソスbソスgソスXソスソスソスbソスvソスソスソスソスソスjソスA ソスfソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスラ人ソスノ知ソス轤ケソス驍アソスニゑソス]ソズゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスSソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ最托ソス MAX_NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENTソスソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスフ広ソスソスソスヘ擾ソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスRetransTimerソスbソスネ擾ソスフ奇ソス ソスuソスナなゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB The Target Address field in the unsolicited advertisement is set to an IP address of the interface, and the Target Link-Layer Address option is filled with the new link-layer address. The Solicited flag MUST be set to zero, in order to avoid confusing the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm. If the node is a router, it MUST set the Router flag to one; otherwise, it MUST set it to zero. The Override flag MAY be set to either zero or one. In either case, neighboring nodes will immediately change the state of their Neighbor Cache entries for the Target Address to STALE, prompting them to verify the path for reachability. If the Override flag is set to one, neighboring nodes will install the new link-layer address in their caches. Otherwise, they will ignore the new link-layer address, choosing instead to probe the cached address. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソスフ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフIソスoソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスン定さソスソスAソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノは新ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスン定さソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスヘ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスフゑソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソス[ソスソスソスソスン定しソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ ソスhソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスtソスソスソスOソスノ1ソスソスン定しソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスGソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスホ0ソスソスン定しソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスBソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスヘ0ソスソスソスPソスソスソスン定さソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスソス(MAY)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスフ場合ソスナゑソスソスAソス゚隣ノソス[ソスhソスヘ、ソスpソスXソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤゑソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスノ変ゑソスソスソス ソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスPソスノ設定さソスソスソスネゑソスAソスラ接ゑソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスLソスソスソスb ソスVソスソスソスノ新ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス}ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホ、ソスVソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソス無趣ソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスソスノキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスTソスソスソス ソスソスソス蛯、ソスB A node that has multiple IP addresses assigned to an interface MAY multicast a separate Neighbor Advertisement for each address. In such a case, the node SHOULD introduce a small delay between the sending of each advertisement to reduce the probability of the advertisements being lost due to congestion. ソスPソスツのイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ包ソスソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスツノソス[ソスhソスソスソスeソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスノ個別の近隣広ソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ擾ソス ソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ搾ソスソスGソスフゑソスソス゚に趣ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスフ可能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソス゚に各ソスLソスソスソス送信 ソスソスソスソスヤに擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB A proxy MAY multicast Neighbor Advertisements when its link-layer address changes or when it is configured (by system management or other mechanisms) to proxy for an address. If there are multiple nodes that are providing proxy services for the same set of addresses, the proxies should provide a mechanism that prevents multiple proxies from multicasting advertisements for any one address, in order to reduce the risk of excessive multicast traffic. This is a requirement on other protocols that need to use proxies for Neighbor Advertisements. An example of a node that performs proxy advertisements is the Home Agent specified in [MIPv6]. ソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスマ会ソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスソスAソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフプソスソスソスNソスVソスソス ソスン定さソスソスソスニゑソスソスiソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメや他ソスフ機ソス\ソスノゑソスソスソスト)ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソス ソスXソスgソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノプソスソスソスNソスVソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソス供ゑソスソスソス ソスソスソス髑スソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスノ端ソスネマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスNソスソスソスソス ソス険ソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソス゚に、ソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスNソスVソスソスソスPソスツのアソスhソスソスソスXソスフ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフゑソスj ソス~ソスソスソス驛ソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ近隣広ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスLソスVソスソスソスgソスソスソスK ソスvソスソスソスソスソス髑シソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ必ソスvソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスLソスVソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソス ソスソスソス[MIPv6]ソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソスzソス[ソスソスソスGソス[ソスWソスFソスソスソスgソスナゑソスソスB Also, a node belonging to an anycast address MAY multicast unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements for the anycast address when the node's link-layer address changes. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヨ帰ソスソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスマゑソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスノ、ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフゑソスソス゚の要ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣広 ソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスB Note that because unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements do not reliably update caches in all nodes (the advertisements might not be received by all nodes), they should only be viewed as a performance optimization to quickly update the caches in most neighbors. The Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm ensures that all nodes obtain a reachable link-layer address, though the delay may be slightly longer. ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラてのノソス[ソスhソスフキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスmソスソスソスノ更ソスVソスソスソスソス ソスフではなゑソスソスソスソスiソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラてのノソス[ソスhソスナ受け趣ソスソスソスソスニは鯉ソスソスソスネゑソスソスjソスAソスソスソスソス ソストゑソスソスフ近隣のキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスfソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソス驍スソス゚、ソスソスソス黷ェソスソスソス\ソスフ最適ソスソスソスニ鯉ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスヘゑソスソスラゑソス ソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスソスソスxソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスヌゑソスソスAソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスネソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソス得るこソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 7.2.7. Anycast Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.7. ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣広ソスソス From the perspective of Neighbor Discovery, anycast addresses are treated just like unicast addresses in most cases. Because an anycast address is syntactically the same as a unicast address, nodes performing address resolution or Neighbor Unreachability Detection on an anycast address treat it as if it were a unicast address. No special processing takes place. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスフ観点ソスナ、ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスフ場合ソスノソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスg ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニまゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ茨ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス@ソスI ソスノソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスソスネので、ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ、ソスソスソス黷ェソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソス驍ゥソスフようソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスハな擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Nodes that have an anycast address assigned to an interface treat them exactly the same as if they were unicast addresses with two exceptions. First, Neighbor Advertisements sent in response to a Neighbor Solicitation SHOULD be delayed by a random time between 0 and MAX_ANYCAST_DELAY_TIME to reduce the probability of network congestion. Second, the Override flag in Neighbor Advertisements SHOULD be set to 0, so that when multiple advertisements are received, the first received advertisement is used rather than the most recently received advertisement. ソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス黷スソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスQソスツの暦ソスOソスソスソスソスソスソスソストソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスニ難ソスソスlソスノ茨ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスナ擾ソスソスノ、ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスト托ソスソスソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソスヘネソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスソスソスGソスフ可能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤キソスソスソス゚に0ソスソスソスソス MAX_ANYCAST_DELAY_TIMEソスフ間のソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスソスソスヤ遅ソス轤ケソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソス ソスソスノ、ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ上書ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスヘ0ソスソスン定すソスラゑソスソスソス(SHOULD)ソスAソスソスソスソスナ托ソスソスソスソスソス ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスナ擾ソスソスノ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソス繧ゥソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスDソスソスIソスソス ソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB As with unicast addresses, Neighbor Unreachability Detection ensures that a node quickly detects when the current binding for an anycast address becomes invalid. ソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスGソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスフ奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノなゑソスフゑソスfソスソスソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 7.2.8. Proxy Neighbor Advertisements 7.2.8. ソスvソスソスソスNソスVソス゚隣広ソスソス Under limited circumstances, a router MAY proxy for one or more other nodes, that is, through Neighbor Advertisements indicate that it is willing to accept packets not explicitly addressed to itself. For example, a router might accept packets on behalf of a mobile node that has moved off-link. The mechanisms used by proxy are essentially the same as the mechanisms used with anycast addresses. ソスソスソス閧ウソス黷スソス況会ソスソスナ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスフプソスソスソスNソスVソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス(MAY)ソスAソスソスソスソスソス ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソストでなゑソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスけ難ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス[ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスレ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスレ難ソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスけ難ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスナ使ソスソス黷スソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスヘ本ソスソスソスIソスノエソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスナ使ソスソス黷スソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスニ難ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB A proxy MUST join the solicited-node multicast address(es) that correspond to the IP address(es) assigned to the node for which it is proxying. This SHOULD be done using a multicast listener discovery protocol such as [MLD] or [MLDv2]. ソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスヘ、ソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスソスソストゑソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスmソス[ソスh ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソス[MLD]ソスソス [MLDv2]ソスフようソスネマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスTソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスラゑソス ソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB All solicited proxy Neighbor Advertisement messages MUST have the Override flag set to zero. This ensures that if the node itself is present on the link, its Neighbor Advertisement (with the Override flag set to one) will take precedence of any advertisement received from a proxy. A proxy MAY send unsolicited advertisements with the Override flag set to one as specified in Section 7.2.6, but doing so may cause the proxy advertisement to override a valid entry created by the node itself. ソスソスソスラての要ソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスvソスソスソスNソスVソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ上書ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスOソスナなゑソス ソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノ托ソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスAソスソスソスフ近隣広ソスソスソスiソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスPソスjソスソスソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスソスソスソスけ趣ソスソス黷スソスLソスソスソスソス ソスソスDソス謔キソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスNソスVソスソスソスAソスV.ソスQ.ソスUソスヘで指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、 ソス繽托ソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスPソスノ設定しソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスLソスソスソス送ゑソスソストゑソスソス謔「ソスナゑソス(MAY)ソスA ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘプソスソスソスNソスVソスLソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスgソスフ搾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスDソス謔ウソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Finally, when sending a proxy advertisement in response to a Neighbor Solicitation, the sender should delay its response by a random time between 0 and MAX_ANYCAST_DELAY_TIME seconds to avoid collisions due to multiple responses sent by several proxies. However, in some cases (e.g., Mobile IPv6) where only one proxy is present, such delay is not necessary. ソスナ終ソスIソスノ、ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソストプソスソスソスNソスVソスLソスソスソス送る時ソスAソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスLソスVソスフ托ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフ会ソスソスソスソスフ衝突ゑソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスソスMソスメは0ソスbソスソスMAX_ANYCAST_DELAY_TIME ソスbソスフ間のソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスネ趣ソスソスヤ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスBソスソスソス ソスvソスソスソスLソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスンゑソスソストゑソスソスソス鼾ソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスoソスCソスソスソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスjソスAソスソスソスフよう ソスネ遅ソスソスソスヘ必ソスvソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB 7.3. Neighbor Unreachability Detection 7.3. ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソス Communication to or through a neighbor may fail for numerous reasons at any time, including hardware failure, hot-swap of an interface card, etc. If the destination has failed, no recovery is possible and communication fails. On the other hand, if it is the path that has failed, recovery may be possible. Thus, a node actively tracks the reachability "state" for the neighbors to which it is sending packets. ソス゚隣との通信ソスソスソスAソスnソス[ソスhソスEソスFソスAソスフ擾ソスソスAソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスJソス[ソスhソスフ予ソスソスソスnソスリ托ソス ソスネどの暦ソスソスRソスナ趣ソスソスsソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソス謔ェソスフ障しソスソスソスネゑソスAソス復ゑソスソスs ソスツ能ソスナ、ソスハ信ソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスQソスソスソスoソスHソスナ起ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソス復は会ソス ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスナ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソス゚隣の難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソス ソスuソスソスヤ」ソスソス\ソスソスソスIソスノ追跡ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Neighbor Unreachability Detection is used for all paths between hosts and neighboring nodes, including host-to-host, host-to-router, and router-to-host communication. Neighbor Unreachability Detection may also be used between routers, but is not required if an equivalent mechanism is available, for example, as part of the routing protocols. ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘホソスXソスgソスニ隣接ゑソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスフ間で、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスニ、ソスz ソスXソスgソスソスソス辜具ソス[ソス^ソスニ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスヨの通信ソスソスソスワめ、ソスソスソスラての経ソスHソスナ使ソスソス ソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスヤでゑソスソスgソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスが、ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスフソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスAソス痰ヲソスホソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ一部ソスニゑソスソスト暦ソスソスpソスツ能ソスソス ソスソスKソスvソスナゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB When a path to a neighbor appears to be failing, the specific recovery procedure depends on how the neighbor is being used. If the neighbor is the ultimate destination, for example, address resolution should be performed again. If the neighbor is a router, however, attempting to switch to another router would be appropriate. The specific recovery that takes place is covered under next-hop determination; Neighbor Unreachability Detection signals the need for next-hop determination by deleting a Neighbor Cache entry. ソス゚隣への経ソスHソスノ擾ソスQソスソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ思ソスソスソス骼橸ソスフ回復手順ソスヘどのようソスノ近隣ゑソス ソスgソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス゚隣ゑソスソスナ鯉ソスフ目的ソスnソスネゑソスAソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソストび行ソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス゚隣ゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスノ切ゑソス ソスヨゑソスソス謔、ソスニ趣ソスソスンるこソスニゑソスソスKソスリでゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソス復は趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスノゑソスソスsソスソスソス ソスワゑソスソスGソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソス除ソスソスソス驍アソスニで趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖 ソスソスフ必ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Neighbor Unreachability Detection is performed only for neighbors to which unicast packets are sent; it is not used when sending to multicast addresses. ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣ゑソスソスソスソスナ行ソスソスソスワゑソスソスG ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソスソスソスニゑソスソスヘ使ソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB 7.3.1. Reachability Confirmation 7.3.1. ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスF A neighbor is considered reachable if the node has recently received a confirmation that packets sent recently to the neighbor were received by its IP layer. Positive confirmation can be gathered in two ways: hints from upper-layer protocols that indicate a connection is making "forward progress", or receipt of a Neighbor Advertisement message that is a response to a Neighbor Solicitation message. ソスソスソスソスソスAソスナ近隣人ソスノ托ソスソスソス黷スソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスhソスoソスwソスノ受け趣ソスソス黷スソスニゑソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスmソス[ ソスhソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ近隣ゑソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスソスニ思ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスマ極的ソスソス ソスmソスFソスヘ2ソスツの包ソスソス@ソスナ集ソス゚るこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスFソスレ托ソスソスソスソスuソス]ソスソスソスiソスsソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスwソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ近隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ対ゑソスソスソス答でゑソスソスソス ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスB A connection makes "forward progress" if the packets received from a remote peer can only be arriving if recent packets sent to that peer are actually reaching it. In TCP, for example, receipt of a (new) acknowledgment indicates that previously sent data reached the peer. Likewise, the arrival of new (non-duplicate) data indicates that earlier acknowledgments are being delivered to the remote peer. If packets are reaching the peer, they must also be reaching the sender's next-hop neighbor; thus, "forward progress" is a confirmation that the next-hop neighbor is reachable. For off-link destinations, forward progress implies that the first-hop router is reachable. When available, this upper-layer information SHOULD be used. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスuソスハ信ソスソスソス閧ゥソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスAソスナ近托ソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスハ信ソスソス ソス閧ェソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスレ托ソスソスヘ「ソス]ソスソスソスiソスsソスvソスナゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、 ソスsソスbソスoソスナは、ソスiソスVソスソスソスソスソスjソスmソスFソスフ趣ソスMソスヘ前ソスノ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソスソスソスハ信ソスソスソスソスノ達ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスiソスソスdソスソスソスjソスfソス[ソス^ソスフ難ソスソスソスソスヘ以前ソスフ趣ソスMソスハ知 ソスソスソスソスソスuソスハ信ソスソスソスソスノ配ソスBソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスハ信ソスソスソスソス ソスノ届ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスメの趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフ近隣に届ゑソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスGソスソスソスソス ソスナ「ソス]ソスソスソスiソスsソスvソスヘ趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスラ人ソスソスソスAソスソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスmソスFソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスN ソスOソスフ茨ソスソスソスナは、ソス]ソスソスソスiソスsソスソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソス諠具ソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソス ソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスpソスツ能ソスネ場合ソスAソスソスハ層ソスソスが使ソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB In some cases (e.g., UDP-based protocols and routers forwarding packets to hosts), such reachability information may not be readily available from upper-layer protocols. When no hints are available and a node is sending packets to a neighbor, the node actively probes the neighbor using unicast Neighbor Solicitation messages to verify that the forward path is still working. ソスソスソスソス鼾ソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスtソスcソスoソスxソス[ソスXソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ転ソスソスソスソス ソストゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスjソスヘゑソスソスフようソスネ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスハ層ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスソスeソスユゑソス ソスソスソスpソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスツ能ソスナはなゑソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスラ人ソスノパ ソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスソストゑソスソス骼橸ソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ能ソスソスソスIソスノ前ソスソスソスpソスXソスソスソス動ソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスmソスソス ソス゚るユソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスgソスソスソスト隣人ソス調搾ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB The receipt of a solicited Neighbor Advertisement serves as reachability confirmation, since advertisements with the Solicited flag set to one are sent only in response to a Neighbor Solicitation. ソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスヘ、ソスPソスノ設定さソス黷スソスvソスソスソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスツ広ソスソスソスソスソス゚暦ソス ソスvソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフで、ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスフ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Receipt of other Neighbor Discovery messages, such as Router Advertisements and Neighbor Advertisement with the Solicited flag set to zero, MUST NOT be treated as a reachability confirmation. Receipt of unsolicited messages only confirms the one-way path from the sender to the recipient node. In contrast, Neighbor Unreachability Detection requires that a node keep track of the reachability of the forward path to a neighbor from its perspective, not the neighbor's perspective. Note that receipt of a solicited advertisement indicates that a path is working in both directions. The solicitation must have reached the neighbor, prompting it to generate an advertisement. Likewise, receipt of an advertisement indicates that the path from the sender to the recipient is working. However, the latter fact is known only to the recipient; the advertisement's sender has no direct way of knowing that the advertisement it sent actually reached a neighbor. From the perspective of Neighbor Unreachability Detection, only the reachability of the forward path is of interest. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフようソスネ托ソスソスフ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスニ、ソスOソスソスソスン定さソス黷スソスvソスソス ソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスツ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスニゑソスソスト茨ソスソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスBソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスソスlソスmソス[ソスhソスワでの茨ソスソス ソスIソスネパソスXソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソス驍セソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスニ対照的ソスノ、ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソス ソス゚隣への転ソスソスソスpソスXソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスAソス゚隣の鯉ソスソスnソスナはなゑソスソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスフ鯉ソスソスnソスナ記 ソス^ソスEソスヌ跡ゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスvソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスLソスソスソスフ趣ソスMソスヘ経ソスHソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナ難ソス ソスしソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスvソスソスソスヘ広ソスソスソス生撰ソスソスソスソス驍スソスソス ソスノゑソスソスソスソスソストび起ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソス゚隣に達ソスソスソスソスソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスLソスソスソスソス ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスMソスメへのパソスXソスソスソスソスソスしソストゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスAソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスヘ趣ソスMソスメにゑソスソスソスソスmソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスGソスLソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメはゑソスソス黷ェソスソスソスソス ソスノ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソス゚隣に届ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスmソス髓シソスレの包ソスソス@ソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス゚暦ソス ソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスnソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスdソスvソスナゑソスソスB 7.3.2. Neighbor Cache Entry States 7.3.2. ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレの擾ソスソス A Neighbor Cache entry can be in one of five states: ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスTソスツの擾ソスヤの1ソスツでゑソスソスF INCOMPLETE Address resolution is being performed on the entry. Specifically, a Neighbor Solicitation has been sent to the solicited-node multicast address of the target, but the corresponding Neighbor Advertisement has not yet been received. ソスsソスソスソスS ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス閧ェソスソスソスレに対ゑソスソスト行ソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスノ、ソス゚隣要 ソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスフ要ソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ托ソスソスソスソスワゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスAソスホ会ソスソスソスソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスヘまゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB REACHABLE Positive confirmation was received within the last ReachableTime milliseconds that the forward path to the neighbor was functioning properly. While REACHABLE, no special action takes place as packets are sent. ソスソスソスBソスツ能 ソス゚隣への前ソスソスソスソスソスpソスXソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ難ソスソスしソストゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスマ極的ソスネ確 ソスFソスソスソスナ鯉ソスソスReachableTimeソス~ソスソスソスbソスネ難ソスソスノ受け趣ソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスB ソスソスソスBソスツ能(REACHABLE)ソスフ間に、ソスpソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスロに難ソスソスハな行ソスソス ソスソスソスNソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB STALE More than ReachableTime milliseconds have elapsed since the last positive confirmation was received that the forward path was functioning properly. While stale, no action takes place until a packet is sent. ソステゑソス ソスOソスソスソスpソスXソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ難ソスソスしソストゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスナ鯉ソスフ積極的ソスネ確ソスFソスソス ソスけ趣ソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスソスReachableTimeソス~ソスソスソスbソスoソス゚ゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスB ソステゑソス(STALE)ソスフ間はパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスワで、ソスsソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The STALE state is entered upon receiving an unsolicited Neighbor Discovery message that updates the cached link-layer address. Receipt of such a message does not confirm reachability, and entering the STALE state ensures reachability is verified quickly if the entry is actually being used. However, reachability is not actually verified until the entry is actually used. ソステゑソス(STALE)ソスソスヤは要ソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソスソスロにゑソスソスネゑソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフようソスネソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスヘ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスmソスリゑソスソスソスソスAソステゑソス (STALE)ソスソスヤに難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスロに使ソスソスソストゑソスソスソス ソスネゑソスAソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスロに使ソスソスソスソスワで、ソスソスソスソス ソスノ確ソスFソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB DELAY More than ReachableTime milliseconds have elapsed since the last positive confirmation was received that the forward path was functioning properly, and a packet was sent within the last DELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIME seconds. If no reachability confirmation is received within DELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIME seconds of entering the DELAY state, send a Neighbor Solicitation and change the state to PROBE. ソスxソスソス ソスOソスソスソスソスソスpソスXソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ難ソスソスしソストゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスナ鯉ソスフ積極的ソスネ確ソスF ソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスReachableTimeソス~ソスソスソスbソスoソス゚ゑソスソスワゑソスソスAソスpソスPソスb ソスgソスソスソスナ鯉ソスソスDELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIMEソスbソスフ以難ソスソスノ托ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスDELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIMEソスbソスネ難ソスソスノ暦ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスホ遅ソスソス(DELAY)ソスソスヤに遷ソスレゑソスソスAソス゚隣要ソスソスソス送ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスソス (PROBE)ソスソスヤに遷ソスレゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The DELAY state is an optimization that gives upper- layer protocols additional time to provide reachability confirmation in those cases where ReachableTime milliseconds have passed since the last confirmation due to lack of recent traffic. Without this optimization, the opening of a TCP connection after a traffic lull would initiate probes even though the subsequent three-way handshake would provide a reachability confirmation almost immediately. ソスxソスソス(DELAY)ソスソスヤは、ソスナ鯉ソスフトソスソスソスqソスbソスNソスフ確ソスFソスソスソスソス ReachableTimeソス~ソスソスソスbソスoソス゚ゑソスソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスハプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスナの難ソスソスB ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚の最適ソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ最適ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスニ、ソスgソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスソスソスホらくソスネゑソスソスソスフTソスbソスoソスレ托ソスソスフ開ソスnソスヘ、ソスソスソスフ3ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス閧ェソスソスソスソスソスノ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフに、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスnソスソス ソス骼厄ソスノなゑソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB PROBE A reachability confirmation is actively sought by retransmitting Neighbor Solicitations every RetransTimer milliseconds until a reachability confirmation is received. ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスフ確ソスFソスフゑソスソス゚、ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソス ソスナ、ソスマ極的ソスソスRetransTimerソス~ソスソスソスbソスヤ隔ソスナ近隣要ソスソスソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスB 7.3.3. Node Behavior 7.3.3. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソス Neighbor Unreachability Detection operates in parallel with the sending of packets to a neighbor. While reasserting a neighbor's reachability, a node continues sending packets to that neighbor using the cached link-layer address. If no traffic is sent to a neighbor, no probes are sent. ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ近隣にパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスフと包ソスソスsソスソスソスト行ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣の難ソスソスB ソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスト確ソスFソスソスソスソスヤに、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスソス ソストゑソスソスソスラ人ソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送り続ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスラ人ソスノ托ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスAソスTソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB When a node needs to perform address resolution on a neighboring address, it creates an entry in the INCOMPLETE state and initiates address resolution as specified in Section 7.2. If address resolution fails, the entry SHOULD be deleted, so that subsequent traffic to that neighbor invokes the next-hop determination procedure again. Invoking next-hop determination at this point ensures that alternate default routers are tried. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソス゚隣アソスhソスソスソスXソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスV.ソスQソスヘで指ソス閧ウ ソスソスソス謔、ソスノ不ソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE)ソスソスヤで搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスnソス゚まゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスレは削除ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスソス(SHOULD)ソスAソスソスソスソス ソス゚隣への趣ソスソスフトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソストび趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソス闖ソスソスソストび出ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス_ソスナ趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス謖茨ソスソスソスソスソスソス{ソスソスソス驍アソスニは托ソスソスソスフデソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB When a reachability confirmation is received (either through upper- layer advice or a solicited Neighbor Advertisement), an entry's state changes to REACHABLE. The one exception is that upper-layer advice has no effect on entries in the INCOMPLETE state (e.g., for which no link-layer address is cached). ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスけ趣ソス骼橸ソスiソスソスハ層ソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス閧ウソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソスフゑソスソスソス ソス黷ゥソスナ)ソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤは難ソスソスBソスツ能(REACHABLE)ソスノ変ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスPソスツの暦ソスOソスヘ擾ソスソス ソスwソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE)ソスソスヤの搾ソスソスレに対ゑソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスニでゑソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスjソスB When ReachableTime milliseconds have passed since receipt of the last reachability confirmation for a neighbor, the Neighbor Cache entry's state changes from REACHABLE to STALE. ソス゚隣の最鯉ソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスフ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスReachableTimeソス~ソスソスソスbソス゚ゑソスソスソスソスソスナ、ソスソス ソスラキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤは難ソスソスBソスツ能(REACHABLE)ソスソスソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスノ変会ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Note: An implementation may actually defer changing the state from REACHABLE to STALE until a packet is sent to the neighbor, i.e., there need not be an explicit timeout event associated with the expiration of ReachableTime. ソスソスソスソスソスFソスソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソストはパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスラ人ソスノ托ソスソスソスソスソスワで難ソスソスBソスツ能(REACHABLE) ソスソスソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスノ擾ソスヤゑソスマゑソスソスソスフゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスネわち ReachableTimeソスフタソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスニ関連ソスソスソス髢セソスソスソスネイソスxソスソスソスgソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The first time a node sends a packet to a neighbor whose entry is STALE, the sender changes the state to DELAY and sets a timer to expire in DELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIME seconds. If the entry is still in the DELAY state when the timer expires, the entry's state changes to PROBE. If reachability confirmation is received, the entry's state changes to REACHABLE. ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスソスソスレの隣人ソスノパソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスナ擾ソスソスフ趣ソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスヘ擾ソスソス ソスソスxソスソス(DELAY)ソスノ変ゑソスソスADELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIMEソスbソスフタソスCソス}ソスソスン定しソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスAソス^ソスCソス}ソスフ奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソスワで遅ソスソス(DELAY)ソスソスヤにゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソス ソスフ擾ソスヤは抵ソスソスソス(PROBE)ソスノ変ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスけ趣ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスAソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤは難ソスソスBソスツ能(REACHABLE)ソスノ変ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Upon entering the PROBE state, a node sends a unicast Neighbor Solicitation message to the neighbor using the cached link-layer address. While in the PROBE state, a node retransmits Neighbor Solicitation messages every RetransTimer milliseconds until reachability confirmation is obtained. Probes are retransmitted even if no additional packets are sent to the neighbor. If no response is received after waiting RetransTimer milliseconds after sending the MAX_UNICAST_SOLICIT solicitations, retransmissions cease and the entry SHOULD be deleted. Subsequent traffic to that neighbor will recreate the entry and perform address resolution again. ソスソスソスソス(PROBE)ソスソスヤに難ソスソスソスニ、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスgソスソスソスト隣人ソスノソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソス(PROBE)ソスソス ソスヤで、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスRetransTimerソス~ソスソスソスbソスソスソスノ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソス ソスmソスFソスワで托ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスニゑソスソスヌ会ソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスラ人ソスノ托ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソス ソストゑソスソスAソストび托ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス答ゑソスMAX_UNICAST_SOLICITソスvソスソスソス送ゑソスソスソスソスソスソス RetransTimerソス~ソスソスソスbソスメゑソスソストゑソスソスソスMソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスト托ソスソスソスソスIソスソスソスAソスソスソスレは削除ソスソス ソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスフ近隣への趣ソスソスフトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスト撰ソスソスソスソスAソスソス ソスムアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Note that all Neighbor Solicitations are rate-limited on a per- neighbor basis. A node MUST NOT send Neighbor Solicitations to the same neighbor more frequently than once every RetransTimer milliseconds. ソスソスソスラての近隣要ソスソスソスソスソスラ人ソスソスソスノソスソス[ソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニに抵ソスソスモを払ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスRetransTimerソス~ソスソスソスbソスノ1ソスソスネ上同ソスソスソス゚隣に托ソスソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB A Neighbor Cache entry enters the STALE state when created as a result of receiving packets other than solicited Neighbor Advertisements (i.e., Router Solicitations, Router Advertisements, Redirects, and Neighbor Solicitations). These packets contain the link-layer address of either the sender or, in the case of Redirect, the redirection target. However, receipt of these link-layer addresses does not confirm reachability of the forward-direction path to that node. Placing a newly created Neighbor Cache entry for which the link-layer address is known in the STALE state provides assurance that path failures are detected quickly. In addition, should a cached link-layer address be modified due to receiving one of the above messages, the state SHOULD also be set to STALE to provide prompt verification that the path to the new link-layer address is working. ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスAソスソスソス閧ウソス黷スソス゚隣広ソスソスソスネ外ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスvソスソスソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスニソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスニ近隣要ソスソスソスjソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスハ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスソスヤに難ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスヘ托ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスAソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg ソスフ場合ソスヘソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスレ標ソスフ、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスヨの前ソスソスソスpソスXソスフ難ソスソスBソスソス ソス\ソスソスソスソスソスmソスリゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスmソスソスソストゑソスソスソスVソスソスソスノ搾ソスソス黷スソス゚暦ソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスソスヤに置ソスソスソスソスソスニはパソスXソスソスQソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスロ証ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスLソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ1ソスツゑソスソスソスMソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスヨのパソスXソスソスソス動ソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスmソスFソスソスソス驍スソス゚、ソスソスヤゑソスソステゑソス(STALE)ソスノ設定さソスソス ソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB To properly detect the case where a router switches from being a router to being a host (e.g., if its IP forwarding capability is turned off by system management), a node MUST compare the Router flag field in all received Neighbor Advertisement messages with the IsRouter flag recorded in the Neighbor Cache entry. When a node detects that a neighbor has changed from being a router to being a host, the node MUST remove that router from the Default Router List and update the Destination Cache as described in Section 6.3.5. Note that a router may not be listed in the Default Router List, even though a Destination Cache entry is using it (e.g., a host was redirected to it). In such cases, all Destination Cache entries that reference the (former) router must perform next-hop determination again before using the entry. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ変ゑソスソスソスソスソスフを正確ソスノ鯉ソスソスoソスソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスhソスoソス] ソスソスソス\ソスヘゑソスソスVソスXソスeソスソスソスヌ暦ソスソスメゑソスソス~ソス゚ゑソスネゑソスjソスソスソス゚に、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソス゚隣広ソスソス ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスtソスソスソスOソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスニ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレに記ソス^ソスソスソスソス IsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスrソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソス゚隣ゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスzソスX ソスgソスノ変会ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ6.ソスR.ソスTソスヘで記ソスqソスソスソスソスソス ソス謔、ソスノゑソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス闖懶ソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス ソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレにゑソスソスソスソストゑソスソスfソスtソスH ソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスXソスgソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスレゑソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソスト会ソスソスソス ソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソス黷スソスjソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスiソスソスソスjソスソスソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスQソスニゑソスソス驍キソスラての茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレは搾ソスソスレゑソスソスgソスソスソスOソスノ再び趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスB In some cases, link-specific information may indicate that a path to a neighbor has failed (e.g., the resetting of a virtual circuit). In such cases, link-specific information may be used to purge Neighbor Cache entries before the Neighbor Unreachability Detection would do so. However, link-specific information MUST NOT be used to confirm the reachability of a neighbor; such information does not provide end-to-end confirmation between neighboring IP layers. ソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスが近隣へのパソスXソスフ擾ソスQソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス ソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスoソス[ソス`ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフソスソスZソスbソスgソスjソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ場合ソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスが、ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスOソスノ、ソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレの削除ソスノ使ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスが近隣の難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスm ソスFソスソスソス驍スソス゚に使ソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスフようソスネ擾ソスソスヘIソスoソスwソスナ隣接ゑソスソスソスG ソスソスソスhソスGソスソスソスhソスヤの接托ソスソスmソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB 8. Redirect Function 8. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソス@ソス\ This section describes the functions related to the sending and processing of Redirect messages. ソスソスソスフ章はソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニに関係ソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソス\ ソスソスソスLソスqソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Redirect messages are sent by routers to redirect a host to a better first-hop router for a specific destination or to inform hosts that a destination is in fact a neighbor (i.e., on-link). The latter is accomplished by having the ICMP Target Address be equal to the ICMP Destination Address. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚にゑソスソスソスソスニ良ゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスフソスソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスmソス轤ケソス驍ゥソスAソスzソスXソスgソスノ茨ソスソス謔ェソスソスソスロは近隣でゑソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソスソス ソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスjソスソスソスニゑソスmソス轤ケソス驍スソス゚にソスソス[ソス^ソスノゑソスソスソスト托ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスメはIソスb ソスlソスoソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニで達ソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス ソスワゑソスソスB A router MUST be able to determine the link-local address for each of its neighboring routers in order to ensure that the target address in a Redirect message identifies the neighbor router by its link-local address. For static routing, this requirement implies that the next- hop router's address should be specified using the link-local address of the router. For dynamic routing, this requirement implies that all IPv6 routing protocols must somehow exchange the link-local addresses of neighboring routers. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ近隣ソスソス[ ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ隣接ゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスフゑソスソス黷シソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス閧キソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB ソステ的ソスソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスナ、ソスソスソスフ必ソスvソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスgソスソスソスト趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス諠具ソス[ソス^ソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスwソス閧ウソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソス ソスIソスソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスナ、ソスソスソスフ必ソスvソスソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスラてのIソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスvソスソスソスgソスR ソスソスソスソスソスヌゑソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスト隣接ゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスヘなゑソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 8.1. Validation of Redirect Messages 8.1. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ確ソスF A host MUST silently discard any received Redirect message that does not satisfy all of the following validity checks: ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフ有ソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ゥソス満ゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスMソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスW ソスソステゑソスソスノ捨てまゑソス(MUST)ソスF - IP Source Address is a link-local address. Routers must use their link-local address as the source for Router Advertisement and Redirect messages so that hosts can uniquely identify routers. - ソスhソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ、ソスzソスXソスg ソスソスソスソスモにソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスハでゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスニソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ ソスWソスフソソス[ソスXソスノソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスgソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスB - The IP Hop Limit field has a value of 255, i.e., the packet could not possibly have been forwarded by a router. - ソスhソスoソスzソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ値ソスヘ2ソスTソスTソスナゑソスソスAソスソスソスネわちソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナ転ソスソスソスソスソスソストなゑソスソスヘゑソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Checksum is valid. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソス`ソスFソスbソスNソスTソスソスソスヘ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP Code is 0. - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスRソス[ソスhソスヘ0ソスナゑソスソスB - ICMP length (derived from the IP length) is 40 or more octets. - ソスiソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソス逑セソスソスソスソスjソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスヘ4ソスOソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB - The IP source address of the Redirect is the same as the current first-hop router for the specified ICMP Destination Address. - ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスフIソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスフ鯉ソスソスンの趣ソスソスフ転ソスソスソス諠具ソス[ソス^ソスニ難ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - The ICMP Destination Address field in the redirect message does not contain a multicast address. - ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフIソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘマソスソスソス` ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB - The ICMP Target Address is either a link-local address (when redirected to a router) or the same as the ICMP Destination Address (when redirected to the on-link destination). - ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスiソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスN ソスgソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスjソスソスソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスソスiソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスノソスソス_ソスC ソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスjソスナゑソスソスB - All included options have a length that is greater than zero. - ソスソスソスラてのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスヘ1ソスネ擾ソスナゑソスソスB The contents of the Reserved field, and of any unrecognized options, MUST be ignored. Future, backward-compatible changes to the protocol may specify the contents of the Reserved field or add new options; backward-incompatible changes may use different Code values. ソス\ソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ難ソスソスeソスソスAソスFソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスB ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソスAソス\ソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ抵ソスソスgソスソスソスwソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスン奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスマ更 ソスソスソスルなゑソスソスソスソスRソス[ソスhソスlソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The contents of any defined options that are not specified to be used with Redirect messages MUST be ignored and the packet processed as normal. The only defined options that may appear are the Target Link-Layer Address option and the Redirected Header option. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスナ使ソスソスネゑソスソスニ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス(MUST)ソスA ソスハ擾ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスンゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ目標ソスソスソスソスソスN ソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスニソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB A host MUST NOT consider a redirect invalid just because the Target Address of the redirect is not covered under one of the link's prefixes. Part of the semantics of the Redirect message is that the Target Address is on-link. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスフ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ1ソスツに含まゑソスネゑソス ソストゑソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスヘソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスニ思ソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ意厄ソスソスフ一部ソスヘ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスニでゑソスソスB A redirect that passes the validity checks is called a "valid redirect". ソスLソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスハ過ゑソスソス驛奇ソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスuソスLソスソスソスvソスニ呼ばゑソスワゑソスソスB 8.2. Router Specification 8.2. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスdソスl A router SHOULD send a redirect message, subject to rate limiting, whenever it forwards a packet that is not explicitly addressed to itself (i.e., a packet that is not source routed through the router) in which: ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスフようソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスIソスノ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスiソスソスソスネわちソスソスソス[ソス^ ソスソスソスoソスRソスソスソスト托ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナなゑソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスjソスソス]ソスソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスヘゑソスソスツでゑソスソスAソスソスソス[ソスg ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスけて、ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスF - the Source Address field of the packet identifies a neighbor, and - ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ近隣ゑソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソス - the router determines (by means outside the scope of this specification) that a better first-hop node resides on the same link as the sending node for the Destination Address of the packet being forwarded, and - ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘゑソスソスソスソスニ良ゑソスソスソスソスフ転ソスソスソスソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスMソスmソス[ソスhソスニ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノ位置ソスソスソスソスニ(ソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスフ範囲ゑソス ソスOソスフ趣ソスiソスノゑソスソスソスト)ソスソスソス閧オソスAソスソスソスソスソスソス - the Destination Address of the packet is not a multicast address. - ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナはゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB The transmitted redirect packet contains, consistent with the message format given in Section 4.5: ソス]ソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフフソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスgソスソスソスS.ソスTソスヘで与ソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスb ソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスgソスソスvソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスF - In the Target Address field: the address to which subsequent packets for the destination should be sent. If the target is a router, that router's link-local address MUST be used. If the target is a host, the target address field MUST be set to the same value as the Destination Address field. - ソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスFソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスヨの趣ソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスBソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスネゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス[ソスJソスソスソスAソスhソスソス ソスXソスソスソスgソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスネゑソスAソスレ標ソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスニ難ソスソスソスソスlソスノ設定さソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスヘなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB - In the Destination Address field: the destination address of the invoking IP packet. - ソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスFソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスhソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスB - In the options: - ソスCソスモ設抵ソスF o Target Link-Layer Address option: link-layer address of the target, if known. o ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスFソスレ標ソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスAソスソスソスソス ソスmソスソスソストゑソスネゑソスB o Redirected Header: as much of the forwarded packet as can fit without the redirect packet exceeding the minimum MTU required to support IPv6 as specified in [IPv6]. o ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ソスFソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス[IPv6]ソスナ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスフ最擾ソスソスlソスsソスtソス超ゑソスソスネゑソスソスヘ囲で設定すソスソスAソス]ソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスp ソスPソスbソスgソスフ難ソスソスeソスB A router MUST limit the rate at which Redirect messages are sent, in order to limit the bandwidth and processing costs incurred by the Redirect messages when the source does not correctly respond to the Redirects, or the source chooses to ignore unauthenticated Redirect messages. More details on the rate-limiting of ICMP error messages can be found in [ICMPv6]. ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ返難ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスAソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソス{ソスソスソスニ証厄ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソス ソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス無趣ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニに鯉ソスソス゚ゑソスソスソスソスノ、ソスoソスソスソスhソスソスソスニ擾ソスソスソスソスRソスXソスgソス制鯉ソス ソスソスソス驍スソス゚にソスソス[ソス^ソスヘソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフソスソス[ソスgソス制鯉ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスホなゑソス ソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスhソスbソスlソスoソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフソスソス[ソスgソス制鯉ソスソスソスソスソスレ細ゑソス [ICMPv6]ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB A router MUST NOT update its routing tables upon receipt of a Redirect. ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスロにソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスeソス[ソスuソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソストはゑソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB 8.3. Host Specification 8.3. ソスzソスXソスgソスdソスl A host receiving a valid redirect SHOULD update its Destination Cache accordingly so that subsequent traffic goes to the specified target. If no Destination Cache entry exists for the destination, an implementation SHOULD create such an entry. ソスLソスソスソスネソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスけゑソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスAソスソスソスフトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソスソスwソス閧ウソス黷スソスレ標 ソスノ行ソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスAソスソス ソスフ茨ソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスンゑソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフようソスネ搾ソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスラゑソス ソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスB If the redirect contains a Target Link-Layer Address option, the host either creates or updates the Neighbor Cache entry for the target. In both cases, the cached link-layer address is copied from the Target Link-Layer Address option. If a Neighbor Cache entry is created for the target, its reachability state MUST be set to STALE as specified in Section 7.3.3. If a cache entry already existed and it is updated with a different link-layer address, its reachability state MUST also be set to STALE. If the link-layer address is the same as that already in the cache, the cache entry's state remains unchanged. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスz ソスXソスgソスヘ目標ソスフ近隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソス驍ゥソスXソスVソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスフ場合ソスナキソスソスソスb ソスVソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘ目標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスRソスsソス[ ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスレ標ソスフゑソスソス゚に搾ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフ難ソスソスB ソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤは7.ソスR.ソスRソスヘで指ソス閧ウソスソスソス謔、ソスノ古ゑソス(STALE)ソスノゑソスソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスBソスソス ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソスソスナに托ソスソスンゑソスソスAソスソスソス黷ェソスルなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナ更ソスV ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤは古ゑソス(STALE)ソスノなゑソスワゑソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスナにキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスニ難ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレの擾ソスヤは変会ソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB If the Target and Destination Addresses are the same, the host MUST treat the Target as on-link. If the Target Address is not the same as the Destination Address, the host MUST set IsRouter to TRUE for the target. If the Target and Destination Addresses are the same, however, one cannot reliably determine whether the Target Address is a router. Consequently, newly created Neighbor Cache entries should set the IsRouter flag to FALSE, while existing cache entries should leave the flag unchanged. If the Target is a router, subsequent Neighbor Advertisement or Router Advertisement messages will update IsRouter accordingly. ソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスニ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスヘ目標ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスニ茨ソスソスソス ソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ難ソスソスソスソスナなゑソス ソスネゑソスAソスzソスXソスgソスヘ目標ソスソスIsRouterソスソス^ソスノ設定しソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソス ソスソスソスレ標ソスニ茨ソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスナゑソス ソスソス謔、ソスノ鯉ソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス]ソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスソスソスフキソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレのフソスソスソスOソスヘ変会ソスソスソス ソスワゑソスソスが、ソスVソスソスソスノ搾ソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスヘ偽ソスノ設定すソスソス ソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナなゑソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスフ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIsRouterソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB Redirect messages apply to all flows that are being sent to a given destination. That is, upon receipt of a Redirect for a Destination Address, all Destination Cache entries to that address should be updated to use the specified next-hop, regardless of the contents of the Flow Label field that appears in the Redirected Header option. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスヘ、ソスwソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスノ托ソスソスソスソストゑソスソス驍キソスラての暦ソスソスソスノ難ソスソスソス ソスヘまゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソスソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソス_ソスC ソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスtソスソスソス[ソスソスソスxソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ抵ソスソスgソスノゑソスソスソスソスソス ソス轤クソスAソスソスソスラてのゑソスソスフアソスhソスソスソスXソスヨの茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスAソスwソス閧ウソス黷スソスソスソスフ転 ソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソス゚に更ソスVソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスB A host MUST NOT send Redirect messages. ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB 9. Extensibility - Option Processing 9. ソスgソスソス - ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス Options provide a mechanism for encoding variable length fields, fields that may appear multiple times in the same packet, or information that may not appear in all packets. Options can also be used to add additional functionality to future versions of ND. ソスツ変抵ソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスAソスソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスAソスソスソスラてのパソスPソスbソスgソスノ鯉ソス ソスソスソスソスニは鯉ソスソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスノコソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソス驛ソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスI ソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ近隣探ソスソスソスフ厄ソスソスソスソスフ版で追会ソスソス@ソス\ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス驍スソス゚にゑソスソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスB In order to ensure that future extensions properly coexist with current implementations, all nodes MUST silently ignore any options they do not recognize in received ND packets and continue processing the packet. All options specified in this document MUST be recognized. A node MUST NOT ignore valid options just because the ND message contains unrecognized ones. ソスソスソスソスソスフ拡ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ鯉ソスソスンの趣ソスソスソスソスニ具ソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスロ証ゑソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスソスラてゑソス ソスmソス[ソスhソスヘ静ゑソスソスノ受け趣ソスソスソスソスソス゚隣探ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ認ソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスラてのゑソスソスフ包ソスソスソス ソスナ指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ認ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスA ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスFソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスト、 ソスLソスソスソスネオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB The current set of options is defined in such a way that receivers can process multiple options in the same packet independently of each other. In order to maintain these properties, future options SHOULD follow the simple rule: ソスソスソスンのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ趣ソスMソスメゑソスソスンゑソスソスノ独暦ソスソスノ托ソスソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスノ抵ソス`ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスフ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスP ソスソスソスネ規ソスソスソスノ従ソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソス(SHOULD)ソスF The option MUST NOT depend on the presence or absence of any other options. The semantics of an option should depend only on the information in the fixed part of the ND packet and on the information contained in the option itself. ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ托ソスソスンゑソス存在に依托ソスソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス (MUST NOT)ソスBソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ意厄ソスソスヘ近隣探ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ固定部ソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスニ、 ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスフ擾ソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスヒ托ソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスB Adhering to the above rule has the following benefits: ソスソスLソスフ規ソスソスソス満ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニには趣ソスソスフ暦ソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF 1) Receivers can process options independently of one another. For example, an implementation can choose to process the Prefix Information option contained in a Router Advertisement message in a user-space process while the link-layer address option in the same message is processed by routines in the kernel. 1) ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスニ暦ソスソスノゑソスソス黷シソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスJソス[ソスlソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス`ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヤに、ソスソスソス[ソスUソスソスヤプソスソスソスZソスXソスナソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニに鯉ソスソス゚るこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 2) Should the number of options cause a packet to exceed a link's MTU, multiple packets can carry subsets of the options without any change in semantics. 2) ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソス超ゑソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスナオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ一部ソスソスソス^ソスヤゑソスソスニゑソスソスAソスモ厄ソスソスフ変更ソスソスソスソスソスノでゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 3) Senders MAY send a subset of options in different packets. For instance, if a prefix's Valid and Preferred Lifetime are high enough, it might not be necessary to include the Prefix Information option in every Router Advertisement. In addition, different routers might send different sets of options. Thus, a receiver MUST NOT associate any action with the absence of an option in a particular packet. This protocol specifies that receivers should only act on the expiration of timers and on the information that is received in the packets. 3) ソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ一部ソスソスソスルなゑソスpソスPソスbソスgソスナ托ソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MAY)ソスB ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス\ソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソスネゑソスA ソスソスソスラてのソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスノプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワめゑソスKソスvソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスルなるルソス[ソス^ソスソスソスルなゑソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス送るか ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスナ、ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスナオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフ行ソスソスソスニ鯉ソスソスム付ソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスBソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソス ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスニパソスPソスbソスgソスソスMソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスソスNソスソス ソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスニを明趣ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Options in Neighbor Discovery packets can appear in any order; receivers MUST be prepared to process them independently of their order. There can also be multiple instances of the same option in a message (e.g., Prefix Information options). ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘどゑソスネ擾ソスソスソスソスナ鯉ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスGソスソス ソスMソスメは独暦ソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスノ関係ソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ難ソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス闢セソスワゑソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソス ソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスjソスB If the number of included options in a Router Advertisement causes the advertisement's size to exceed the link MTU, the router can send multiple separate advertisements, each containing a subset of the options. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスノ含まゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスAソスLソスソスソスフサソスCソスYソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスt ソスネ擾ソスノゑソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ托ソスソスソスソスフ別の広ソスソスソスノオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ一部ソスソスソスワめて托ソスソスソス ソスソスソスニゑソスソスoソスソスソスワゑソスソスB The amount of data to include in the Redirected Header option MUST be limited so that the entire redirect packet does not exceed the minimum MTU required to support IPv6 as specified in [IPv6]. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスノ含めゑソスラゑソスソスfソス[ソス^ソスフ量は、ソスSソスソスソスフソスソス_ソスCソスソス ソスNソスgソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスA[IPv6]ソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスホ会ソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナ擾ソスソスlソスsソスtソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソスソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB All options are a multiple of 8 octets of length, ensuring appropriate alignment without any "pad" options. The fields in the options (as well as the fields in ND packets) are defined to align on their natural boundaries (e.g., a 16-bit field is aligned on a 16-bit boundary) with the exception of the 128-bit IP addresses/prefixes, which are aligned on a 64-bit boundary. The link-layer address field contains an uninterpreted octet string; it is aligned on an 8-bit boundary. ソスソスソスラてのオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスuソスソスソスソスソスvソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナ適ソスリな撰ソスソスソスソスロ証ゑソスソス驍ス ソス゚8ソスIソスNソスeソスbソスgソスフ倍ソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスiソス゚隣探ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスニ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスjソスI ソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ、ソスUソスSソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスEソスノ包ソスソスラゑソスソスソスPソスQソスWソスrソスbソスgソスフIソスo ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソス^ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスOソスニゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスRソスネ具ソスソスEソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスPソスUソスrソスbソスg ソスフフソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソスソスPソスUソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスEソスソスノ包ソスソスラゑソスソスソスjソスノなゑソス謔、ソスノ抵ソス`ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスヘ翻ソスソスsソスツ能ソスネオソスNソスeソスbソスgソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスヘ8ソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスEソスノ包ソスソスラゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The size of an ND packet including the IP header is limited to the link MTU. When adding options to an ND packet, a node MUST NOT exceed the link MTU. ソスhソスoソスwソスbソス_ソスソスソスワめて近隣探ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ大きソスソスソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソスノ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソス゚隣探ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスノオソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスlソスsソスtソスソスソスzソスソスソストはゑソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスB Future versions of this protocol may define new option types. Receivers MUST silently ignore any options they do not recognize and continue processing the message. ソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフバソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスVソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソス`ソスソスソストゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスMソスメゑソスソステゑソスソスノ認ソスソスソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソスト、ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 10. Protocol Constants 10. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス關 Router constants: ソスソスソス[ソス^ソス關費ソスF MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERT_INTERVAL 16 seconds MAX_INITIAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTS 3 transmissions MAX_FINAL_RTR_ADVERTISEMENTS 3 transmissions MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS 3 seconds MAX_RA_DELAY_TIME .5 seconds Host constants: ソスzソスXソスgソス關費ソスF MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY 1 second RTR_SOLICITATION_INTERVAL 4 seconds MAX_RTR_SOLICITATIONS 3 transmissions Node constants: ソスmソス[ソスhソス關費ソスF MAX_MULTICAST_SOLICIT 3 transmissions MAX_UNICAST_SOLICIT 3 transmissions MAX_ANYCAST_DELAY_TIME 1 second MAX_NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT 3 transmissions REACHABLE_TIME 30,000 milliseconds RETRANS_TIMER 1,000 milliseconds DELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIME 5 seconds MIN_RANDOM_FACTOR .5 MAX_RANDOM_FACTOR 1.5 Additional protocol constants are defined with the message formats in Section 4. ソスヌ会ソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス關費ソスソスソスSソスヘのソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスgソスナ抵ソス`ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB All protocol constants are subject to change in future revisions of the protocol. ソスソスソスラてのプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス關費ソスヘプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスフ修ソスソスソスナ変会ソスソスフ適ソスpソスソスソスけまゑソスソスB The constants in this specification may be overridden by specific documents that describe how IPv6 operates over different link layers. This rule allows Neighbor Discovery to operate over links with widely varying performance characteristics. ソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスフ定数ソスソスソスAソスeソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスナどのようソスノIソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスソスソスすソス驍ゥソスLソスqソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスソスDソス謔ウソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ規ソスソスソスヘ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスワな撰ソスソス\ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスナ難ソスソスすソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 11. Security Considerations 11. ソスZソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスフ考ソス@ Neighbor Discovery is subject to attacks that cause IP packets to flow to unexpected places. Such attacks can be used to cause denial of service but also allow nodes to intercept and optionally modify packets destined for other nodes. This section deals with the main threats related to Neighbor Discovery messages and possible security mechanisms that can mitigate these threats. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスヘIソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスモ外ソスネ場所ソスノ暦ソスソス黷ウソスソスソスソスUソスソスソスソスソスけやすソスソスソスナゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフようソスネ攻ソスソスソスヘサソス[ソスrソスXソスWソスQソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚に使ソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスAソスmソス[ ソスhソスソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスノ行ソスソスソスソスソスニになゑソスソストゑソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスrソスソスソスナ捕ゑソスソスト、ソスCソスモに修 ソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ章は近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ関係ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスミと、ソスソスソスソスソスフ具ソスソスミゑソスaソス轤ーソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスネセソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 11.1. Threat Analysis 11.1. ソスソスソスミ包ソスソスソス This section discusses the main threats associated with Neighbor Discovery. A more detailed analysis can be found in [PSREQ]. The main vulnerabilities of the protocol fall under three categories: ソスソスソスフ章は近隣探ソスソスソスニ鯉ソスソスム付ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネ具ソスソスミゑソス_ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスレ細な包ソスソスソス ソスソス[PSREQ]ソスノゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ趣ソスネ脆弱性ソスヘ3ソスツに包ソスソズでゑソスソスワゑソスソスF - Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. - ソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスWソスQソスiソスcソスソスソスrソスjソスUソスソスソスB - Address spoofing attacks. - ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネりすソスワゑソスソスソスソスUソスソスソスB - Router spoofing attacks. - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスネりすソスワゑソスソスソスソスUソスソスソスB An example of denial of service attacks is that a node on the link that can send packets with an arbitrary IP source address can both advertise itself as a default router and also send "forged" Router Advertisement messages that immediately time out all other default routers as well as all on-link prefixes. An intruder can achieve this by sending out multiple Router Advertisements, one for each legitimate router, with the source address set to the address of another router, the Router Lifetime field set to zero, and the Preferred and Valid lifetimes set to zero for all the prefixes. Such an attack would cause all packets, for both on-link and off-link destinations, to go to the rogue router. That router can then selectively examine, modify, or drop all packets sent on the link. The Neighbor Unreachability Detection (NUD) will not detect such a black hole as long as the rogue router politely answers the NUD probes with a Neighbor Advertisement with the R-bit set. ソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソスソスロ攻ソスソスソスフ暦ソスヘ、ソスCソスモのIソスoソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナパソスPソスbソスgソス送るこソスソス ソスソスソスナゑソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスナゑソスソスソスニ広ソスソスソスソスソスA ソスソスソスソスソスノ托ソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスニプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノタソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスuソスUソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスvソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送るこソスニでゑソスソスBソスNソスソスソスメゑソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスh ソスソスソス[ソスソスソスノ設定しソスAソスSソストのプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラてゼソスソス ソスノ設定しソスAソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソス^ソス[ソスQソスbソスgソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスノ設定しソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスS ソスト対ゑソスソス髑スソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送るこソスニでゑソスソスソス成ゑソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフようソスネ攻ソスソスソスヘゑソスソスラてのソスソスソスソスNソスソスニソスソスソスソスNソスOソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノ托ソス ソス驍アソスニになゑソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスヘゑソスソス黷ゥソスソスIソスソスIソスノソスソスソスソスNソスソスフ全ソストのパソスPソスb ソスgソス調べて、ソスCソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソス除ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスiソスmソスtソスcソスj ソスヘ、ソスソスソス}ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスqソスrソスbソスgソスソスン定しソスソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスナ難ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフようソスネブソスソスソスbソスNソスzソス[ソスソスソス発鯉ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB It is also possible for any host to launch a DoS attack on another host by preventing it from configuring an address using [ADDRCONF]. The protocol does not allow hosts to verify whether the sender of a Neighbor Advertisement is the true owner of the IP address included in the message. [ADDRCONF]ソスソスソスgソスソスソストアソスhソスソスソスXソス\ソスソスソスソスン定すソスソスフゑソスjソス~ソスソスソス驍アソスニで、ソスCソスモのホ ソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフホソスXソスgソスノサソス[ソスrソスXソスWソスQソスUソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘ、ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ含めゑソスソスソスhソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスフ撰ソスソス^ソスソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスLソスメでゑソスソス驍ゥ ソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスリゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Redirect attacks can also be achieved by any host in order to flood a victim or steal its traffic. A host can send a Neighbor Advertisement (in response to a solicitation) that contains its IP address and a victim's link-layer address in order to flood the victim with unwanted traffic. Alternatively, the host can send a Neighbor Advertisement that includes a victim's IP address and its own link-layer address to overwrite an existing entry in the sender's destination cache, thereby forcing the sender to forward all of the victim's traffic to itself. ソスヌのホソスXソスgソスソスソスAソスgソスソスソスqソスbソスNソスソスソス]ソスソスソスメに殺ソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスAソスソスソス驍「ソスヘトソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスソス ソスソスソズゑソスソス゚の、ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスUソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスヘ、ソス]ソスソスソスメゑソス]ソスワなゑソスソスg ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスナ茨ソス黷ウソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスソスフIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスニ犠ソスソスソスメのソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスh ソスソスソスXソスソスソスワむ近隣広ソスソスソスiソスvソスソスソスノ会ソスソスソスソスト)ソス送るこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスtソスノ、ソスソスソスMソスソス ソスフ茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスフ奇ソスソスソスソスフ搾ソスソスレゑソスソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソス]ソスソスソスメ茨ソスソストのトソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスノ転ソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ犠ソスソスソスメのIソスoソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスワむ近隣広ソスソスソス送るこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The trust model for redirects is the same as in IPv4. A redirect is accepted only if received from the same router that is currently being used for that destination. If a host has been redirected to another node (i.e., the destination is on-link), there is no way to prevent the target from issuing another redirect to some other destination. However, this exposure is no worse than it was before being redirected; the target host, once subverted, could always act as a hidden router to forward traffic elsewhere. ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスフ信ソスソスソスソスソスfソスソスソスヘIソスoソスソスソスSソスニ難ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスンゑソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚に使 ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフと難ソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソス辜奇ソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソス謔ェソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソス ソスソスjソスノソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソス黷スソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ茨ソスソスソスノソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス@ソスヘゑソス ソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスフ危険ソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソスソスOソスノ費ソスラゑソス ソスソスソスソスルど茨ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスマ更ソスソスソス黷スソスレ標ソスzソスXソスgソスヘ、ソスソスソスフとゑソスソスソスノトソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスソス]ソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚の隠ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ厄ソスソス務めるこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The protocol contains no mechanism to determine which neighbors are authorized to send a particular type of message (e.g., Router Advertisements); any neighbor, presumably even in the presence of authentication, can send Router Advertisement messages thereby being able to cause denial of service. Furthermore, any neighbor can send proxy Neighbor Advertisements as well as unsolicited Neighbor Advertisements as a potential denial-of-service attack. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘどの隣人ソスソスソスソスソスソスフタソスCソスvソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスj ソス送る権ソスソスソスソス^ソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソス閧キソス驛ソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスヌゑソスネ具ソス ソスラでゑソスソスAソスソスソスヤゑソスFソスリゑソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノゑソスソスソストサソス[ソスrソスXソスW ソスQソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスノ、ソスヌゑソスネ隣人ソスソスソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスWソスQソスUソスソスソスフ可能 ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソス゚隣広ソスソスソスニ、ソスvソスソスソスNソスVソス゚隣広ソスソスソス送るこソスニゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Many link layers are also subject to different denial-of-service attacks such as continuously occupying the link in CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) networks (e.g., by sending packets closely back-to-back or asserting the collision signal on the link), or originating packets with somebody else's source MAC address to confuse, e.g., Ethernet switches. On the other hand, many of the threats discussed in this section are less effective, or non-existent, on point-to-point links, or cellular links where a host shares a link with only one neighbor, i.e., the default router. ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソスソスルなゑソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスWソスQソスUソスソスソスソスソスけやすソスソスソスナゑソスソスAソス痰ヲソスホ、 CSMA/CDソスiソスユ突鯉ソスソスoソス伴ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスQソスソスソスjソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスフソスソスソスソスNソスソス ソスAソスソスソスIソスノ撰ソスフゑソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスノ托ソスソスソスソストパソスPソスbソスgソス送るかソスAソスソスソス驍「ソスヘソスソスソス ソスNソスソスノ衝突信ソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスナ)ソスAソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ托ソスソスフ搾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスAソス痰ヲソスホイソス[ ソスTソスlソスbソスgソスXソスCソスbソス`ソスAソスフソソス[ソスXソスlソス`ソスbソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスナパソスPソスbソスgソス送信ソスソスソス骼厄ソスナゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフ章で論ソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスフ托ソスソスソスソスヘ鯉ソスソスハゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスPソスツゑソス ソス゚隣、ソスツまゑソスfソスtソスHソスソスソスgソスソスソス[ソス^ソスAソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスPソスホ1ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソス ソスgソスム電ソスbソスソスソスソスソスNソスナ趣ソスソスンゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB 11.2. Securing Neighbor Discovery Messages 11.2. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ保擾ソス The protocol reduces the exposure to the above threats in the absence of authentication by ignoring ND packets received from off-link senders. The Hop Limit field of all received packets is verified to contain 255, the maximum legal value. Because routers decrement the Hop Limit on all packets they forward, received packets containing a Hop Limit of 255 must have originated from a neighbor. ソスソスソスソスソスNソスOソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスフNソスcソスpソスPソスbソスgソス無趣ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニで、ソスFソスリゑソスソスネゑソスソス鼾ソスフ、 ソスソスLソスフ具ソスソスミゑソスソスソスソス轤オソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスラての趣ソスMソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスソス ソスナ托ソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスネ値ソスフ2ソスTソスTソスソスソスワむと鯉ソスソスリゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス]ソスソスソスソスソス驍キソスラゑソス ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスフホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスAソスQソスTソスTソスフホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソス ソスソスソスMソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソス゚隣ゑソスソス迹暦ソスMソスソスソス黷スソスノ違いソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Cryptographic security mechanisms for Neighbor Discovery are outside the scope of this document and are defined in [SEND]. Alternatively, IPsec can be used for IP layer authentication [IPv6-SA]. The use of the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) is not suited for creating dynamic security associations that can be used to secure address resolution or neighbor solicitation messages as documented in [ICMPIKE]. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚の暗搾ソスソスフセソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ範囲外ソスナ、 [SEND]ソスナ抵ソス`ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスノ、ソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘIソスoソスwソスFソスリに使ソスソスソスソスソスニゑソス ソスナゑソスソスワゑソス[IPv6-SA]ソスB[ICMPIKE]ソスナ包ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスiソスhソスjソスdソスjソスフ使ソスpソスヘアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ近隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスS ソスノ保つゑソスソス゚に使ソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソス體ョソスIソスネセソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスAソスgソスソスソス成ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソス ソスKソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB In some cases, it may be acceptable to use statically configured security associations with either [IPv6-AUTH] or [IPv6-ESP] to secure Neighbor Discovery messages. However, it is important to note that statically configured security associations are not scalable (especially when considering multicast links) and are therefore limited to small networks with known hosts. In any case, if either [IPv6-AUTH] or [IPv6-ESP] is used, ND packets MUST be verified for the purpose of authentication. Packets that fail authentication checks MUST be silently discarded. ソスソスソスソス鼾ソスノ、ソスソスソスSソスネ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスノ、ソステ的ソスノ設定さソス黷ス[IPv6-AUTH] ソスソス[IPv6-ESP]ソスフセソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスAソスgソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスKソスリゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソステ的ソスノ構ソスソスソスソスン定さソス黷スソスZソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスAソスgソスヘ拡ソスソスツ能ソスナはなゑソス ソスiソスソスソスノマソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソス鼾ソスjソスAソス]ソスソスソスト奇ソスソスmソスフホソスXソスgソスソスソスソス ソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスノ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスwソスEソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスノゑソスソストゑソスソスA ソスソスソスソス[IPv6-AUTH]ソスソス[IPv6-ESP]ソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスmソスcソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスFソスリの目的 ソスナ鯉ソスソスリゑソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスBソスソスソスリに趣ソスソスsソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソステゑソスソスソス ソスフてゑソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST)ソスB 12. Renumbering Considerations 12. ソスソスソスiソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスOソスフ考ソス@ The Neighbor Discovery protocol together with IPv6 Address Autoconfiguration [ADDRCONF] provides mechanisms to aid in renumbering -- new prefixes and addresses can be introduced and old ones can be deprecated and removed. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスニIソスoソスソスソスUソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスン抵ソス[ADDRCONF]ソスヘソスソスiソスソスソスoソスソスソスソス ソスOソス|ソスVソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスニアソスhソスソスソスXソス導難ソスソスソスソスAソステゑソスソスフゑソス}ソスソスソスニ削除ソスソスソス骼厄ソス| ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソス供ゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The robustness of these mechanisms is based on all the nodes on the link receiving the Router Advertisement messages in a timely manner. However, a host might be turned off or be unreachable for an extended period of time (i.e., a machine is powered down for months after a project terminates). It is possible to preserve robust renumbering in such cases, but it does place some constraints on how long prefixes must be advertised. ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスフ具ソスソスxソスソスソスヘソスソスソスソスNソスソスフゑソスソスラてのノソス[ソスhソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスソスソス[ソスネ包ソス ソス@ソスナソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスけ趣ソス骼厄ソスノ奇ソステゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスAソスzソスX ソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヤ電ソスソスソスソスリゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスBソスsソス\ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソス}ソスVソスソス ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスWソスFソスNソスgソスソスソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスJソスソスソスヤゑソスソス~ソスワゑソスソストゑソスソスソスjソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ擾ソス ソスソスソスAソスソスソスxソスネソスソスiソスソスソスoソスソスソスソスソスOソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニは可能ソスナゑソスソスソスソスAソスヌゑソスルど抵ソスソスソスソスヤプ ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスネゑソスソスソスソスノつゑソスソスト、ソスソスソス髏ァソスソスソスuソスソスソスワゑソスソスB Consider the following example in which a prefix is initially advertised with a lifetime of 2 months, but on August 1st it is determined that the prefix needs to be deprecated and removed due to renumbering by September 1st. This can be done by reducing the advertised lifetime to 1 week starting on August 1st, and as the cutoff gets closer, the lifetimes can be made shorter until by September 1st the prefix is advertised with a lifetime of 0. The point is that, if one or more nodes were unplugged from the link prior to September 1st, they might still think that the prefix is valid since the last lifetime they received was 2 months. Thus, if a node was unplugged on July 31st, it thinks the prefix is valid until September 30th. If that node is plugged back in prior to September 30th, it may continue to use the old prefix. The only way to force a node to stop using a prefix that was previously advertised with a long lifetime is to have that node receive an advertisement for that prefix that changes the lifetime downward. The solution in this example is simple: continue advertising the prefix with a lifetime of 0 from September 1st until October 1st. ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスQソスJソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスト広ソスソスソスソスソスソス骼滂ソスフ暦ソスソスソスlソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスAソスWソスソスソスPソスソスソスノプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス除ソスソスソスソスト、ソスXソスソスソスPソスソスソスワでにソスソスiソスソスソスoソスソスソスソス ソスOソスフゑソスソス゚に削除ソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスニ鯉ソスソス閧ウソス黷スソスニゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ8ソスソスソスPソスソスソスノ広 ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスPソスTソスヤに鯉ソスソス轤キソスソスソスニで始ソス゚ゑソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスト打ゑソスソスリりがソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスノ、ソスXソスソスソスPソスソスソスワでにプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソスソスソスノなゑソス謔、ソスノ趣ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス轤オソスネゑソスソスソスLソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスdソスvソスネ点ソスヘ、ソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスPソスソスソスソスソスOソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス逕イソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスナ鯉ソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスQソスJソスソスソスヤでゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚、ソスワゑソスソスソスMソスソスソスv ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスニ思ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスVソスソスソスRソスPソスソスソスノソスソスソス ソスNソスソスソス逕イソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスヘプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスXソスソスソスRソスOソスソスソスワで有ソスソスソスニ考ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスRソスOソスソスソスネ前ソスノ戻ゑソスソス黷スソスソステゑソスソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスg ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスOソスノ広ソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスgソスソス ソスフゑソスソスソス゚るこソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスフ包ソスソス@ソスヘ、ソスソスソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス轤オソスソスソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ広ソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソス骼厄ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ暦ソスナの会ソスソスソスソスヘ単ソスソスソスナゑソスソスFソスXソスソスソスPソスソス ソスソスソスソスPソスOソスソスソスPソスソスソスワで趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスOソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB In general, in order to be robust against nodes that might be unplugged from the link, it is important to track the furthest into the future that a particular prefix can be viewed as valid by any node on the link. The prefix must then be advertised with a 0 lifetime until that point in the future. This "furthest into the future" time is simply the maximum, over all Router Advertisements, of the time the advertisement was sent, plus the prefix's lifetime contained in the advertisement. ソスソスハに、ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソス逕イソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスmソス[ソスhソスノ対ゑソスソスト具ソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスソス ソスノ、ソスソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスノ対ゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフゑソスソスソスソス黷ゥソスフノソス[ソスhソスソスソスLソスソスソスニ鯉ソス ソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワでプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスヌ跡ゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスdソスvソスナゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスヘ擾ソスソスソスソスフゑソスソスフ趣ソスソス_ソスワで趣ソスソスソスソスOソスナ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスuソスナゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスvソスヘ単ソスソスソスノ全ソストの広ソスソスソスノ対ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスMソスソスソスヤ+ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスソス ソスナ托ソスlソスナゑソスソスB The above has an important implication on using infinite lifetimes. If a prefix is advertised with an infinite lifetime, and that prefix later needs to be renumbered, it is undesirable to continue advertising that prefix with a zero lifetime forever. Thus, either infinite lifetimes should be avoided or there must be a limit on how long of a time a node can be unplugged from the link before it is plugged back in again. However, it is unclear how the network administrator can enforce a limit on how long time hosts such as laptops can be unplugged from the link. ソスソスLソスフ趣ソスソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニにつゑソスソスト重ソスvソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスv ソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスナ広ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスソスナソスソスiソスソスソスo ソスソスソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスiソスvソスノゼソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスLソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニは望ソスワゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスAソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスNソスソスソス逕イソスソスソスソスト再び戻ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスワでの趣ソスソスヤに撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスフどゑソスソス轤ゥソスナでゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスヌ暦ソスソスメゑソスソスソスソスbソスvソスgソスbソスvソスフようソスネホソスXソスgソスソスソスヌのゑソスソス轤「ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスOソスソストゑソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスヘ不ソスソスソスmソスナゑソスソスB Network administrators should give serious consideration to using relatively short lifetimes (i.e., no more than a few weeks). While it might appear that using long lifetimes would help ensure robustness, in reality, a host will be unable to communicate in the absence of properly functioning routers. Such routers will be sending Router Advertisements that contain appropriate (and current) prefixes. A host connected to a network that has no functioning routers is likely to have more serious problems than just a lack of a valid prefix and address. ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスヌ暦ソスソスメゑソスソスソスrソスIソスZソスソスソスソスソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスソスソスTソスヤ以難ソスソスjソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスdソスソスノ考ソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスニは具ソスソスxソスソスソスノ保鯉ソスソスソスソス|ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソスニ思ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスが、ソスソスソスロは撰ソスソスmソスノ難ソスソスしソストゑソスソス驛具ソス[ソス^ソスネゑソスソスソス ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスハ信ソスソスソスソスソスソスフは不ソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスフようソスネソスソス[ソス^ソスヘ適ソスリに(ソスソスソスソス ソスフ)ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスワむソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソス送ゑソスソストゑソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスしソストゑソスソスソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスNソスノ接托ソスソスソスソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスヘ、ソスLソスソスソスネプソスソスソスtソスBソスb ソスNソスXソスニアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフ重ソスソスネ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスツ可能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB The above discussion does not distinguish between the preferred and valid lifetimes. For all practical purposes, it is probably sufficient to track the valid lifetime since the preferred lifetime will not exceed the valid lifetime. ソスソスLソスフ論ソスcソスヘ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスロ擾ソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソス超ゑソスソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソスうソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヌ跡ゑソスソスソスホ具ソスソス轤ュソス\ソスソスソスナゑソスソスB 13. IANA Considerations 13. ソスhソス`ソスmソス`ソスフ考ソスソス This document does not require any new ICMPv6 types or codes to be allocated. However, existing ICMPv6 types have been updated to point to this document instead of RFC 2461. The procedure for the assignment of ICMPv6 types/codes is described in Section 6 of [ICMPv6]. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘ新ソスソスソスソスソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスUソスソスハゑソスRソス[ソスhソスフ奇ソスソスソスソストゑソスvソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフIソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスUソスソスハゑソスソスqソスeソスbソスQソスSソスUソスPソスフ托ソスソスソスノゑソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスソスwソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスlソスノ更ソスVソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスBソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソス/ソスRソス[ソスhソスフ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストの手順ソスソス [ICMPv6]ソスフ6ソスヘで記ソスqソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB This document continues to use the following ICMPv6 message types introduced in RFC 2461 and already assigned by IANA: ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘRソスeソスbソスQソスSソスUソスPソスナ難ソスソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスAソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスナにIソス`ソスmソス`ソスノゑソスソスソスト奇ソス ソス闢厄ソストゑソス黷スソスソスソスフIソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスハゑソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF Message name ICMPv6 Type ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスソスソスUソスソスソス Router Solicitation 133 ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソス Router Advertisement 134 ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソス Neighbor Solicitation 135 ソス゚隣要ソスソス Neighbor Advertisement 136 ソス゚隣広ソスソス Redirect 137 ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg This document continues to use the following Neighbor Discovery option types introduced in RFC 2461 and already assigned by IANA: ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘRソスeソスbソスQソスSソスUソスPソスナ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスナにIソス`ソスmソス`ソスノゑソスソスソスト奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソス ソス黷スソスソスソスフ近隣探ソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス^ソスCソスvソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF Option Name Type ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソス ソス^ソスCソスv Source Link-Layer Address 1 ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX Target Link-Layer Address 2 ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX Prefix Information 3 ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソス Redirected Header 4 ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスwソスbソス_ MTU 5 ソスlソスsソスt Neighbor Discovery option types are allocated using the following procedure: ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスソスソスフ手順ソスソスソスgソスソスソスト奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスF 1. The IANA should allocate and permanently register new option types from IETF RFC publication. This is for all RFC types including standards track, informational, and experimental status that originate from the IETF and have been approved by the IESG for publication. 1. IANA ソスヘIソスdソスsソスeソスフRソスeソスbソスソスソスJソスナ新ソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスソスソスソスソストて、ソスi ソスvソスノ登ソス^ソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘIソスdソスsソスeソスソスソスNソスソスソスナ、ソスソスソスJソスソスソスhソスdソスrソスfソスナ擾ソスソスF ソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスIソスニ標ソスソスソスソスソスニ趣ソスソスソスソスIソスネ擾ソスヤゑソスソスワめてゑソスソスラてのRソスeソスbソスソスハのゑソスソスソス ソスナゑソスソスB 2. IETF working groups with working group consensus and area director approval can request reclaimable Neighbor Discovery option type assignments from the IANA. The IANA will tag the values as "reclaimable in future". 2. ソスソスニ班托ソスソスモとエソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフ賛ソスソスソス得ゑソスソスhソスdソスsソスeソスソスニ班はIソス`ソスmソス`ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスpソスツ能ソスネ近隣探ソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスハ奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚るこソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスhソス`ソスmソス` ソスヘ値ソスノ「ソスソスソスソスソスト暦ソスソスpソスツ能ソスvソスニゑソスソスソスソスDソスソスtソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB The "reclaimable in the future" tag will be removed when an RFC is published documenting the protocol as defined in 1). This will make the assignment permanent and update the reference on the IANA Web pages. ソスPソスナ抵ソス`ソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスuソスソスソスソスソスト暦ソスソスpソスツ能ソスvソスDソスヘプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス文擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスq ソスeソスbソスソスソスソスソスJソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスAソス除ソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスjソスBソスソスソスソスヘ奇ソスソス闢厄ソストゑソスソスiソスvソスノゑソスソスA ソスhソス`ソスmソス`ソスEソスFソスuソスyソス[ソスWソスフ参ソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB At the point where the option type values are 85% assigned, the IETF will review the assignments tagged "reclaimable in the future" and inform the IANA which ones should be reclaimed and reassigned. ソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスハ値ソスフ8ソスTソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス黷スソスソスソス_ソスナ、ソスhソスdソスsソスeソスヘ「ソスソスソスソスソスト暦ソスソスp ソスツ能ソスvソスDソスソスtソスソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスソスソスト鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスhソス`ソスmソス`ソスノどゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスト奇ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスラゑソスソスソスソスハ知ソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB 3. Requests for new option type value assignments from outside the IETF are only made through the publication of an IETF document, per 1) above. Note also that documents published as "RFC Editor contributions" [RFC3667] are not considered to be IETF documents. 3. ソスhソスdソスsソスeソスフ外ソスソスソスソスフ新ソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスハ奇ソスソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスLソスPソスフIソスd ソスsソスeソスソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスJソスソスハゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスuソスqソスeソスbソスメ集ソスメ奇ソスeソスソスiソスv[RFC3667] ソスニゑソスソスト鯉ソスソスJソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスヘIソスdソスsソスeソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスニ考ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB 14. References 14. ソスQソスlソスソスソスソス 14.1. Normative References 14.1. ソスQソスニゑソスソスソスQソスlソスソスソスソス [ADDR-ARCH] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture", RFC 4291, February 2006. [ICMPv6] Conta, A., Deering, S., and M. Gupta, Ed., "Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 4443, March 2006. [IPv6] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998. [KEYWORDS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. 14.2. Informative References 14.2. ソスLソスvソスネ参ソスlソスソスソスソス [ADDRCONF] Thomson, S., Narten, T., and T. Jinmei, "IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration", RFC 4862, September 2007. [ADDR-SEL] Draves, R., "Default Address Selection for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 3484, February 2003. [ARP] Plummer, D., "Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol: Or Converting Network Protocol Addresses to 48.bit Ethernet Address for Transmission on Ethernet Hardware", STD 37, RFC 826, November 1982. [ASSIGNED] Reynolds, J., Ed., "Assigned Numbers: RFC 1700 is Replaced by an On-line Database", RFC 3232, January 2002. [DHCPv6] Droms, R., Ed., Bound, J., Volz, B., Lemon, T., Perkins, C., and M. Carney, "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)", RFC 3315, July 2003. [HR-CL] Braden, R., Ed., "Requirements for Internet Hosts - Communication Layers", STD 3, RFC 1122, October 1989. [ICMPIKE] Arkko, J., "Effects of ICMPv6 on IKE", Work in Progress, March 2003. [ICMPv4] Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol", STD 5, RFC 792, September 1981. [IPv6-3GPP] Wasserman, M., Ed., "Recommendations for IPv6 in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Standards", RFC 3314, September 2002. [IPv6-CELL] Arkko, J., Kuijpers, G., Soliman, H., Loughney, J., and J. Wiljakka, "Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) for Some Second and Third Generation Cellular Hosts", RFC 3316, April 2003. [IPv6-ETHER] Crawford, M., "Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks", RFC 2464, December 1998. [IPv6-SA] Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol", RFC 4301, December 2005. [IPv6-AUTH] Kent, S., "IP Authentication Header", RFC 4302, December 2005. [IPv6-ESP] Kent, S., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)", RFC 4303, December 2005. [IPv6-NBMA] Armitage, G., Schulter, P., Jork, M., and G. Harter, "IPv6 over Non-Broadcast Multiple Access (NBMA) networks", RFC 2491, January 1999. [LD-SHRE] Hinden, R. and D. Thaler, "IPv6 Host-to-Router Load Sharing", RFC 4311, November 2005. [MIPv6] Johnson, D., Perkins, C., and J. Arkko, "Mobility Support in IPv6", RFC 3775, June 2004. [MLD] Deering, S., Fenner, W., and B. Haberman, "Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6", RFC 2710, October 1999. [MLDv2] Vida, R., Ed., and L. Costa, Ed., "Multicast Listener Discovery Version 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6", RFC 3810, June 2004. [PSREQ] Nikander, P., Ed., Kempf, J., and E. Nordmark, "IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) Trust Models and Threats", RFC 3756, May 2004. [RAND] Eastlake, D., 3rd, Schiller, J., and S. Crocker, "Randomness Requirements for Security", BCP 106, RFC 4086, June 2005. [RDISC] Deering, S., Ed., "ICMP Router Discovery Messages", RFC 1256, September 1991. [RFC3667] Bradner, S., "IETF Rights in Contributions", RFC 3667, February 2004. [RTSEL] Draves, R. and D. Thaler, "Default Router Preferences and More-Specific Routes", RFC 4191, November 2005. [SH-MEDIA] Braden, B., Postel, J., and Y. Rekhter, "Internet Architecture Extensions for Shared Media", RFC 1620, May 1994. [SEND] Arkko, J., Ed., Kempf, J., Zill, B., and P. Nikander, "SEcure Neighbor Discovery (SEND)", RFC 3971, March 2005. [SYNC] S. Floyd, V. Jacobson, "The Synchronization of Periodic Routing Messages", IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, April 1994. ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/papers/sync_94.ps.Z Appendix A: Multihomed Hosts ソスtソス^ソス`ソスFソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスzソスXソスg There are a number of complicating issues that arise when Neighbor Discovery is used by hosts that have multiple interfaces. This section does not attempt to define the proper operation of multihomed hosts with regard to Neighbor Discovery. Rather, it identifies issues that require further study. Implementors are encouraged to experiment with various approaches to making Neighbor Discovery work on multihomed hosts and to report their experiences. Further work related to this problem can be found in [RTSEL]. ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスツホソスXソスgソスノ使ソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスソスソスナ起ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスフ包ソスソスGソスネ厄ソス閧ェソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ章は近隣探ソスソスソスノ関ゑソスソストマソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソス ソスzソスXソスgソスフ適ソスリな運ソスpソスソスソス`ソスソスソス謔、ソスニ趣ソスソスンまゑソスソスソスBソスヌゑソスソス轤ゥソスニ鯉ソスソスソスソスニ、ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスハゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスメは、ソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスz ソスXソスgソスノ趣ソスソスgソスワゑソスソス驍アソスニに対ゑソスソスAソスソスXソスネ包ソスソス@ソスソスソスgソスソスソスト趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスフ経ソスソス ソスソス告ゑソスソスソス謔、ソスソスソス繧ウソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ厄ソスソスニ関係ソスソスソスソスソスソスdソスソスソスソス[RTSEL]ソスノゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスB If a multihomed host receives Router Advertisements on all of its interfaces, it will (probably) have learned on-link prefixes for the addresses residing on each link. When a packet must be sent through a router, however, selecting the "wrong" router can result in a suboptimal or non-functioning path. There are number of issues to consider: ソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフ全ソストのイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスAソスiソスソスソス轤ュソスjソスeソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスwソスソスナゑソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスハゑソスソスト托ソスソスソスソス骼橸ソスヘ、ソスナ適ソスナはなゑソスソスソスソスAソスpソスXソスソスソスソスソスしソスソス ソスソスソスネゑソスソスuソスヤ茨ソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスIソスヤゑソスソスニゑソスソスソスソス閧ヲソスワゑソスソスBソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスラゑソスソスソスソスXソスフ厄ソス ソス閧ェソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF 1) In order for a router to send a redirect, it must determine that the packet it is forwarding originates from a neighbor. The standard test for this case is to compare the source address of the packet to the list of on-link prefixes associated with the interface on which the packet was received. If the originating host is multihomed, however, the source address it uses may belong to an interface other than the interface from which it was sent. In such cases, a router will not send redirects, and suboptimal routing is likely. In order to be redirected, the sending host must always send packets out the interface corresponding to the outgoing packet's source address. Note that this issue never arises with non-multihomed hosts; they only have one interface. Additional discussion on this topic can be found in RFC 1122 under Section 3.3.4.2. 1) ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソス送るたソス゚には、ソス]ソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソス゚隣ゑソス ソスソスフでゑソスソスソスニ鯉ソスソス閧オソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフ場合ソスフ標ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘパソスPソスb ソスgソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスニ鯉ソスソスム付ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスフプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスフソスソスXソスgソスニ費ソスrソスソスソス骼厄ソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスoソスソスソス_ソスフホ ソスXソスgソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソス黷ェソスgソスソスソス\ソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスヘゑソスソス黷ェソスソスソスソスソスソスソスC ソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスネ外ソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノ托ソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフよう ソスネ場合ソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソス送らずソスAソスナ適ソスナなゑソスソスソスソス[ソスeソスBソスソスソスOソスノゑソス ソス骼厄ソスヘゑソスソス閧サソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚には、ソスソスソスMソスzソスXソスgソスヘ擾ソスソス ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスOソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフソソス[ソスXソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスノ対会ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ ソスXソスソスソス迹暦ソスソスネゑソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスフ厄ソス閧ェソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスナゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスト起ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニに抵ソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスPソスツのイソスソスソス^ ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソスフトソスsソスbソスNソスノ関ゑソスソスソスヌ会ソスソスフ論ソスcソスソスソスqソスeソスbソスP ソスPソスQソスQソスフ3.ソスR.ソスS.ソスQソスヘ会ソスソスノゑソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 2) If the selected first-hop router does not have a route at all for the destination, it will be unable to deliver the packet. However, the destination may be reachable through a router on one of the other interfaces. Neighbor Discovery does not address this scenario; it does not arise in the non-multihomed case. 2) ソスソスソスソスソスIソスソスソスソスソス黷スソスナ擾ソスソスフホソスbソスvソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスヨの経ソスHソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスネゑソスA ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスヘゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスsソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスヨは托ソスソスフイソスソスソス^ ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフ擾ソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスハゑソスソスト難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス゚隣探ソスソスソスヘゑソス ソスフ状況ゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスソスヘ費ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスフ場合ソスノは起ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB 3) Even if the first-hop router does have a route for a destination, there may be a better route via another interface. No mechanism exists for the multihomed host to detect this situation. 3) ソスソスソスニゑソスソスナ擾ソスソスフホソスbソスvソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスヨの経ソスHソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスニゑソスソストゑソスソスAソスソス ソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスノゑソスソスソスソスニ良ゑソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスヤゑソスソスソスソスoソスソスソス驛ソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスヘ托ソスソスンゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB If a multihomed host fails to receive Router Advertisements on one or more of its interfaces, it will not know (in the absence of configured information) which destinations are on-link on the affected interface(s). This leads to the following problem: If Router Advertisements are received on some, but not all, interfaces, a multihomed host could choose to only send packets out on the interfaces on which it has received Router Advertisements. A key assumption made here, however, is that routers on those other interfaces will be able to route packets to the ultimate destination, even when those destinations reside on the subnet to which the sender connects, but has no on-link prefix information. Should the assumption be FALSE, communication would fail. Even if the assumption holds, packets will traverse a suboptimal path. ソスソスソスソスソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスフホソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソスソス ソスソスソスヒゑソスネゑソスAソスiソスン抵ソスソスがなゑソスソスフで)ソスヌの茨ソスソス謔ェソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスフソスソスソスソスN ソスノゑソスソス驍ゥソスmソスソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスフ厄ソスソス導ゑソスソスワゑソスソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソス ソスSソストではなゑソスソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスフイソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスナ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソス}ソスソスソス`ソスzソス[ソスソスソスフホ ソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスけゑソスソスCソスソスソス^ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソス送ゑソスニ鯉ソスソス゚難ソス ソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスソスナの重ソスvソスネ会ソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスMソスメゑソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスvソスソス ソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスがなゑソスソスTソスuソスlソスbソスgソスノ茨ソスソス謔ェソスハ置ソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスAソスソスソスフイソスソスソス^ ソスtソスFソス[ソスXソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスナ終ソスIソスネ茨ソスソスソスノ托ソスソスソス驍セソスうソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニでゑソスソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス閧ェソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスハ信ソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソス閧ェソスソスソスソスソスソス ソストゑソスソスAソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスPソスフ経ソスHソスソスハゑソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB Appendix B: Future Extensions ソスtソス^ソスaソスFソスソスソスソスソスフ拡ソスソス Possible extensions for future study are: ソスソスソスソスソスツ能ソスネ拡ソスソスソスソスソスネ会ソスソスナゑソスソスF o Using dynamic timers to be able to adapt to links with widely varying delay. Measuring round-trip times, however, requires acknowledgments and sequence numbers in order to match received Neighbor Advertisements with the actual Neighbor Solicitation that triggered the advertisement. Implementors wishing to experiment with such a facility could do so in a backwards-compatible way by defining a new option carrying the necessary information. Nodes not understanding the option would simply ignore it. o ソスソスソスワゑソスソスワな遅ソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスNソスノ適ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスネ難ソスソスIソス^ソスCソス}ソスフ使ソスpソスB ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヤゑソス]ソスソスソスソスソスソスノは、ソスソスMソスハ知ソスソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスワゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスト受け趣ソスソスソスソス ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスノなゑソスソスソスロの近隣要ソスソスソスニ付ソスソスソスソスソスせソス驍スソス゚のシソス[ ソスPソスソスソスXソスヤ搾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ機ソス\ソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス]ソズ趣ソスソスソスソスメは、ソスK ソスvソスネ擾ソスソスソスソス^ソスヤ新ソスソスソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソス`ソスソスソス驍アソスニで、ソスソスソスソスン奇ソスソスネ包ソスソス@ソスソス ソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソス理会ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスソスソスソス無趣ソスソスソスソス驍セソスソスソスナゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスB o Adding capabilities to facilitate the operation over links that currently require hosts to register with an address resolution server. This could, for instance, enable routers to ask hosts to send them periodic unsolicited advertisements. Once again, this can be added using a new option sent in the Router Advertisements. o ソスzソスXソスgソスノアソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスTソス[ソスoソスoソス^ソスソスvソスソスソスソスソス驛奇ソスソスソスNソスソスノオソスyソスソスソス[ソスVソスソスソスソスソス\ ソスヘゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘ、ソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスノ趣ソスソスソスソスIソスネ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソス ソスLソスソスソス送ゑソス謔、ソスノ暦ソスソズゑソスソスニででゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスナ托ソスソスソスソスソスVソスソス ソスソスソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスト会ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB o Adding additional procedures for links where asymmetric and non- transitive reachability is part of normal operations. Such procedures might allow hosts and routers to find usable paths on, e.g., radio links. o ソスWソスソスソスIソスyソスソスソス[ソスVソスソスソスソスソスフ一部ソスニゑソスソスト費ソスホ称で非中継ソスフ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスフ趣ソス ソスソスソスソスヌ会ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフようソスネ手順ソスヘホソスXソスgソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスノ有ソスpソスネパソスXソスソスソスAソスソス ソスソスソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Appendix C: State Machine for the Reachability State ソスtソス^ソスbソスFソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスヤの擾ソスヤ遷ソスソス This appendix contains a summary of the rules specified in Sections 7.2 and 7.3. This document does not mandate that implementations adhere to this model as long as their external behavior is consistent with that described in this document. ソスソスソスフ付ソス^ソスヘ7.ソスQソスヘと7.ソスRソスヘで指ソス閧ウソス黷スソスKソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスヘ外ソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ記ソスqソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスフと茨ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスfソスソスソスノ固趣ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニを命令ゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB When performing address resolution and Neighbor Unreachability Detection the following state transitions apply using the conceptual model: ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスニ近隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフ概ソスOソスIソスネソスソスfソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスJソスレゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスF State Event Action New state ソスソスソス ソスCソスxソスソスソスg ソスソスソスソス ソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソス - Packet to send. Create entry. INCOMPLETE Send multicast NS. Start retransmit timer - ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスM ソスソスソスレ撰ソスソスソスソスB ソスsソスソスソスS ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚暦ソス ソスvソスソスソスソスソスM ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス[ソスNソスソス INCOMPLETE Retransmit timeout, Retransmit NS INCOMPLETE less than N Start retransmit retransmissions. timer ソスsソスソスソスS ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスg ソス}ソスソスソス`ソスLソスソスソスXソスgソスmソスr ソスsソスソスソスS ソスmソス未厄ソスソスフ再托ソス ソスソスソスMソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス[ソスN ソスソス INCOMPLETE Retransmit timeout, Discard entry - N or more Send ICMP error retransmissions. ソスsソスソスソスS ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスg ソスソスソスレ削除 - ソスmソスソスネ擾ソスフ再托ソス ソスhソスbソスlソスoソスGソスソスソス[ソスソスソスM INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=0, Record link-layer STALE Override=any address. Send queued packets. ソスsソスソスソスS ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスO ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスoソス^ ソステゑソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスCソスソス ソスLソスソスソス[ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ托ソスソスM INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=1, Record link-layer REACHABLE Override=any address. Send queued packets. ソスsソスソスソスS ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスP ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスo ソスソスソスBソスツ能 ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスCソスソス ソス^ソスBソスLソスソスソス[ソスpソスPソスbソスg ソスフ托ソスソスM INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=any, Update content of unchanged Override=any, No IsRouter flag Link-layer address ソスsソスソスソスS ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスCソスソス IsRouterソスtソスソスソスO ソスマ更ソスネゑソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスCソスソス ソスフ難ソスソスeソスXソスV ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソス - NS, RS, Redirect - - No link-layer address - ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスA - - ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソス !INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=1, - REACHABLE Override=0 Same link-layer address as cached. ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスPソスA - ソスソスソスBソスツ能 ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスO ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス !INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=any, Update content of unchanged Override=any, No IsRouter flag. link-layer address ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスCソスモ、 IsRouterソスtソスソスソスO ソスマ更ソスネゑソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスCソスモ、 ソスフ難ソスソスeソスXソスV ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソス REACHABLE NA, Solicited=1, - STALE Override=0 Different link-layer address than cached. ソスソスソスBソスツ能 ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスPソスA - ソステゑソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスP ソスルなるリソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス STALE, PROBE NA, Solicited=1, - unchanged Or DELAY Override=0 Different link-layer address than cached. ソステゑソスソスAソスソスソスソス ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスPソスA - ソスマ更ソスネゑソス ソスソスソスソス ソスxソスソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスO ソスルなるリソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス !INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=1, Record link-layer REACHABLE Override=1 address (if different). ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスPソスA (ソスルなゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソス) ソスソスソスBソスツ能 ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスP ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスLソス^ !INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=0, - unchanged Override=0 ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスOソスA - ソスマ更ソスネゑソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスO !INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=0, - unchanged Override=1 Same link-layer address as cached. ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスOソスA - ソスマ更ソスネゑソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスP ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスソス ソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス !INCOMPLETE NA, Solicited=0, Record link-layer STALE Override=1 address. Different link-layer address than cached. ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスOソスA ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソステゑソス ソス繽托ソスソスソスソスソスP ソスフ記ソス^ ソスルなるリソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソス !INCOMPLETE upper-layer reachability - REACHABLE confirmation ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソスソスハ層ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスF - ソスソスソスBソスツ能 REACHABLE timeout, more than - STALE N seconds since reachability confirm. ソスソスソスBソスツ能 ソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスソスmソスbソスソス - ソステゑソス ソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスg STALE Sending packet Start delay timer DELAY ソステゑソス ソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスM ソスxソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスJソスn ソスxソスソス DELAY Delay timeout Send unicast NS probe PROBE Start retransmit timer ソスxソスソス ソスxソスソスソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスEソスg ソスソスソスjソスLソスソスソスXソスgソス゚隣要ソスソス ソスソスソスソス ソスTソスソスソスソスソスM ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスJソスn PROBE Retransmit timeout, Retransmit NS PROBE less than N retransmissions. ソスソスソスソス ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスE ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスト托ソス ソスソスソスソス ソスgソスAソスmソス未厄ソスソスフ再托ソス PROBE Retransmit timeout, Discard entry - N or more retransmissions. ソスソスソスソス ソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソス^ソスCソスソスソスAソスE ソスソスソスレ削除 - ソスgソスAソスmソスソスネ擾ソスフ再托ソス The state transitions for receiving unsolicited information other than Neighbor Advertisement messages apply to either the source of the packet (for Neighbor Solicitation, Router Solicitation, and Router Advertisement messages) or the target address (for Redirect messages) as follows: ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスネ外ソスフ要ソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスけ趣ソス驍スソス゚の、ソスpソスPソスbソスgソス\ソス[ ソスXソスiソス゚隣要ソスソスソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスjソスソスソスレ標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスiソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスjソスフ擾ソスヤ移行ソスヘ以会ソスソスナゑソスソスF State Event Action New state ソスソスソス ソスCソスxソスソスソスg ソスソスソスソス ソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスソス - NS, RS, RA, Redirect Create entry. STALE - ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスA ソスソスソスレ撰ソスソスソス ソステゑソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスA ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg INCOMPLETE NS, RS, RA, Redirect Record link-layer STALE address. Send queued packets. ソスsソスソスソスS ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスA ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスoソス^ ソステゑソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスA ソスLソスソスソス[ソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg ソスソスソスM !INCOMPLETE NS, RS, RA, Redirect Update link-layer STALE Different link-layer address address than cached. ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスA ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスXソスV ソステゑソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスA ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg ソスルなるリソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス INCOMPLETE NS, RS No link-layer - unchanged address ソスsソスソスソスS ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソス - ソスマ会ソスソスネゑソス ソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスネゑソス !INCOMPLETE NS, RS, RA, Redirect - unchanged Same link-layer address as cached. ソスsソスソスソスSソスネ外 ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスAソスソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスA - ソスマ更ソスネゑソス ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスA ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスg ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスX ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソス Appendix D: Summary of IsRouter Rules ソスtソス^ソスcソスFISROUTERソスKソスソスソスフ要ソスソス This appendix presents a summary of the rules for maintaining the IsRouter flag as specified in this document. ソスソスソスフ付ソス^ソスヘゑソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスナ指ソス閧ウソスソスソスIsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソスソスKソスソスソスフ要ソスソス ソスナゑソスソスB The background for these rules is that the ND messages contain, either implicitly or explicitly, information that indicates whether or not the sender (or Target Address) is a host or a router. The following assumptions are used: ソスソスソスソスソスフ規ソスソスソスフ背ソスiソスヘ近隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスAソステ黙にゑソスソス驍「ソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスIソスノ、ソスソス ソスMソスメ(ソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ目標ソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスjソスソスソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソスソス ソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニでゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ会ソスソス閧ェソスgソスソスソスワゑソスソスF - The sender of a Router Advertisement is implicitly assumed to be a router. - ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスフ托ソスソスMソスメは暗黙のゑソスソスソスソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスニ考ソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - Neighbor Solicitation messages do not contain either an implicit or explicit indication about the sender. Both hosts and routers send such messages. - ソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスMソスメにつゑソスソストの表ソスソスソスソスソステ黙にゑソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスノゑソスソスワゑソス ソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスzソスXソスgソスニソスソス[ソス^ソスフ暦ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフようソスネソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソス送ゑソスワゑソスソスB - Neighbor Advertisement messages contain an explicit "IsRouter flag", the R-bit. - ソス゚隣広ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネ「IsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスvソスナゑソスソスソスqソスrソスbソスgソスソスソスワゑソス ソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスB - The target of the redirect, when the target differs from the destination address in the packet being redirected, is implicitly assumed to be a router. This is a natural assumption since that node is expected to be able to forward the packets towards the destination. - ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスフ目標ソスヘ、ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスpソスPソスbソスgソスフ茨ソスソスソスA ソスhソスソスソスXソスニ違うソスソスソスAソステ黙のゑソスソスソスソスノソスソス[ソス^ソスニ考ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヘノソス[ソスhソスソスソスソス ソスソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソストパソスPソスbソスgソスソス]ソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスツ能ソスナゑソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスソスソスフで、 ソスソスソスRソスネ会ソスソスソスナゑソスソスB - The target of the redirect, when the target is the same as the destination, does not carry any host vs. router information. All that is known is that the destination (i.e., target) is on-link but it could be either a host or a router. - ソスソスソス_ソスCソスソスソスNソスgソスフ目標ソスヘ、ソスレ標ソスソスソスソスソスソスニ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソス伴ゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニは茨ソスソスソスiソスソスソスネわちソスレ標ソスjソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスノゑソスソスソスA ソスソスソスソスヘホソスXソスgソスソスソスヘソスソス[ソス^ソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニでゑソスソスB The rules for setting the IsRouter flag are based on the information content above. If an ND message contains explicit or implicit information, the receipt of the message will cause the IsRouter flag to be updated. But when there is no host vs. router information in the ND message, the receipt of the message MUST NOT cause a change to the IsRouter state. When the receipt of such a message causes a Neighbor Cache entry to be created, this document specifies that the IsRouter flag be set to FALSE. There is greater potential for mischief when a node incorrectly thinks a host is a router, than the other way around. In these cases, a subsequent Neighbor Advertisement or Router Advertisement message will set the correct IsRouter value. IsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソスン定すソスソスKソスソスソスヘ擾ソスLソスソスソスノ奇ソステゑソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソス゚隣探ソスソス ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIソスソスソスヘ暗黙の擾ソスソスソスソスワむなゑソスAソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスメゑソス IsRouterソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスナ新ソスフゑソスソスフにゑソスソスソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣探ソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソス ソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスワまなゑソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスノゑソスソスソスソス IsRouterソスソスヤに対ゑソスソスソスマ更ソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソストはなゑソスワゑソスソスソス(MUST NOT)ソスBソスソスソスフようソスソス ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスノゑソスソス゚隣キソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレゑソスソスソス骼橸ソスAソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスIsRouter ソスtソスソスソスOソスソスソスUソスノ設定すソス驍アソスニを明趣ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスヤ茨ソスソスソストソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスzソスXソスg ソスニ思ソスソスソスソスソスAソスzソスXソスgソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスニ思ソスソスソスルゑソスソスソスソスQソスソスソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフ場合ソスソスソスフ近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスLソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスIsRouterソスlソスソスソスツゑソスソスソス ソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスB Appendix E: Implementation Issues ソスtソス^ソスdソスFソスソスソスソスソスフ厄ソスソス E.1. Reachability Confirmations ソスtソス^ソスdソスDソスPソスFソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスF Neighbor Unreachability Detection requires explicit confirmation that a forward-path is functioning properly. To avoid the need for Neighbor Solicitation probe messages, upper-layer protocols should provide such an indication when the cost of doing so is small. Reliable connection-oriented protocols such as TCP are generally aware when the forward-path is working. When TCP sends (or receives) data, for instance, it updates its window sequence numbers, sets and cancels retransmit timers, etc. Specific scenarios that usually indicate a properly functioning forward-path include: ソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ前ソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソスmソスノ難ソスソスしソストゑソスソス髢セソスソスソスネ確ソスFソスソスKソスvソスニゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソス゚隣要ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ暦ソスソスpソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に、ソスソスハ層ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスA ソスネ単ソスノ出ソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスフ様ソスネ表ソスソスソスソスpソスモゑソスソスソスラゑソスソスナゑソスソスBソスsソスbソスoソスフようソスネ信ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレ托ソスソスwソスソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘ茨ソスハにゑソスソスツ前ソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソスしソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスmソスソス ソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスsソスbソスoソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソス送ゑソスiソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ受け趣ソスソスjソスソスソスAソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスsソスbソスo ソスヘウソスBソスソスソスhソスEソスVソス[ソスPソスソスソスXソスヤ搾ソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスAソスト托ソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスソスン抵ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスLソスソスソスソスソスZソスソス ソスソスソスソスネどでゑソスソスBソスソスソスmソスノ難ソスソスしソストゑソスソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスハ常示ソスソスソスVソスiソスソスソスIソスヘ以会ソスソスナゑソスソスF - Receipt of an acknowledgment that covers a sequence number (e.g., data) not previously acknowledged indicates that the forward path was working at the time the data was sent. - ソスネ前ソスノ確ソスFソスソスソスソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスVソス[ソスPソスソスソスXソスヤ搾ソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスfソス[ソス^ソスjソスソスソスワむ趣ソスMソスm ソスFソスヘ、ソスfソス[ソス^ソスソスソスMソスソスソスノ撰ソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソスしソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - Completion of the initial three-way handshake is a special case of the previous rule; although no data is sent during the handshake, the SYN flags are counted as data from the sequence number perspective. This applies to both the SYN+ACK for the active open and the ACK of that packet on the passively opening peer. - ソスナ擾ソスソスフ3ソス闖ソスソスソスソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスヘ前ソスフ規ソスソスソスフ難ソスソスハな場合ソスナゑソスソスGソスfソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスソスフ奇ソス ソスノ托ソスソスソスワゑソスソスが、SYNソスtソスソスソスOソスヘシソス[ソスPソスソスソスXソスヤ搾ソスソスニゑソスソスト撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスヘ能ソスソスソスIソスレ托ソスソスソスSYN+ACKソスナゑソスソスAソスソスソス閧ゥソスソスフ受動的ソスレ托ソスソスソスACKソスフどゑソスソスソスノゑソス ソスKソスpソスソスソスワゑソスソスB - Receipt of new data (i.e., data not previously received) indicates that the forward-path was working at the time an acknowledgment was sent that advanced the peer's send window that allowed the new data to be sent. - ソスVソスソスソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソスiソスソスソスネわちソスAソスOソスノ受け趣ソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソスjソスフ趣ソスMソスヘ、ソスm ソスFソス送ゑソスソスソスソスロに前ソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソスしソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスmソスFソスヘ托ソスソスソスソス ソスEソスBソスソスソスhソスEソスソスiソス゚新ソスソスソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソス送るこソスニゑソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスワゑソスソスB To minimize the cost of communicating reachability information between the TCP and IP layers, an implementation may wish to rate- limit the reachability confirmations its sends IP. One possibility is to process reachability only every few packets. For example, one might update reachability information once per round-trip time, if an implementation only has one round-trip timer per connection. For those implementations that cache Destination Cache entries within control blocks, it may be possible to update the Neighbor Cache entry directly (i.e., without an expensive lookup) once the TCP packet has been demultiplexed to its corresponding control block. For other implementations, it may be possible to piggyback the reachability confirmation on the next packet submitted to IP assuming that the implementation guards against the piggybacked confirmation becoming stale when no packets are sent to IP for an extended period of time. ソスsソスbソスoソスニIソスoソスwソスフ間で難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスハ達ソスソスソスソスRソスXソスgソスソスソスナ擾ソスソスノゑソスソス驍ス ソス゚、ソスソスソスソスソスメゑソスソスsソスbソスoソスソスソスhソスoソスノ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソス送る率ソス制鯉ソスソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソス]ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスPソスツの可能ソスソスソスヘプソスソスソスZソスXソスソスソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソス数パソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスノゑソス ソス骼厄ソスナゑソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスレ托ソスソスソスソスノ1ソスツの会ソスソスソスソスxソスソスソス^ソスCソス}ソスソスソスソスソスツゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスxソスソスソスソスソスヤ厄ソスソスノ難ソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスuソスソスソスb ソスNソスソスソスノ茨ソスソスソスLソスソスソスbソスVソスソスソスソスソスレを埋め搾ソスソズゑソスソスフようソスネ趣ソスソスソスソスナ、ソスsソスbソスoソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスホ会ソスソスソスソス髏ァソスソスuソスソスソスbソスNソスソスソスホ会ソスソスソスソス髏ァソスソスuソスソスソスbソスNソスニ難ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニ、ソス゚隣キソスソスソスb ソスVソスソスソスソスソスレを直接更ソスVソスツ能ソスノなるかソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスiソスツまり高ソスソスソスネ鯉ソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスナ)ソスB ソスソスソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスナ、ソスソスソスソスソスヤIソスoソスノ托ソスソスMソスソスソスネゑソスソス鼾ソスノ、ソスソスソスBソスmソスFソスソスソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスソス ソスtソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスソスソスtソスソスソスソスソスソスソスmソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフゑソスソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB TCP must also guard against thinking "stale" information indicates current reachability. For example, new data received 30 minutes after a window has opened up does not constitute a confirmation that the path is currently working; it merely indicates that 30 minutes ago the window update reached the peer, i.e., the path was working at that point in time. An implementation must also take into account TCP zero-window probes that are sent even if the path is broken and the window update did not reach the peer. ソスsソスbソスoソスソスソスuソステゑソスソスvソスソスが鯉ソスソスンの可難ソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスニに対ゑソスソスト警ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソス ソスホなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソス痰ヲソスホ、ソスEソスCソスソスソスhソスEソスソスソスJソスソスソス黷スソスRソスOソスソスソスソスソスニで、ソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスVソスソス ソスソスソスfソス[ソス^ソスヘ前ソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソスン作動ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスmソスFソスノなゑソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスRソスOソスソスソスO ソスノウソスBソスソスソスhソスEソスXソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスフ趣ソスソス_ソスナ経ソスHソスソスソスソスソスしソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスニゑソスソスOソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソスト、ソスEソスBソスソスソスhソスEソスXソスVソスソスソスソスソスソスノ達 ソスソスソスネゑソスソストゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソスト暦ソスソスソスsソスbソスoソス[ソスソスソスEソスBソスソスソスhソスEソスTソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスノ難ソスソスソスネゑソスソストゑソス ソスネゑソスワゑソスソスソスB For UDP-based applications (Remote Procedure Call (RPC), DNS), it is relatively simple to make the client send reachability confirmations when the response packet is received. It is more difficult and in some cases impossible for the server to generate such confirmations since there is no flow control, i.e., the server cannot determine whether a received request indicates that a previous response reached the client. ソスtソスcソスoソスxソス[ソスXソスAソスvソスソスソスPソス[ソスVソスソスソスソスソスiソスソスソスuソスvソスソスソスVソスWソスソスソス[ソスト出ソスiソスqソスoソスbソスjソスソスcソスmソスrソスj ソスナ、ソス答パソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスロに、ソスNソスソスソスCソスAソスソスソスgソスソスソスMソスソスソスBソスツ能ソスソスソスmソスFソスヘ費ソスr ソスIソスPソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスtソスソスソス[ソスソスソス艪ェソスネゑソスソスフでサソス[ソスoソスノとゑソスソストゑソスソスフようソスネ確ソスFソスヘ、ソスソスソスソス ソス鼾ソスしソスソスソス鼾ソスノゑソスソスソストは不ソスツ能ソスナゑソスソスAソスツまゑソスTソス[ソスoソスヘ趣ソスMソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスソスソスOソスソス ソス答ゑソスソスNソスソスソスCソスAソスソスソスgソスノ達ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヌゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスB Note that an implementation cannot use negative upper-layer advice as a replacement for the Neighbor Unreachability Detection algorithm. Negative advice (e.g., from TCP when there are excessive retransmissions) could serve as a hint that the forward path from the sender of the data might not be working. But it would fail to detect when the path from the receiver of the data is not functioning, causing none of the acknowledgment packets to reach the sender. ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚隣費ソスレ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスSソスソスソスYソスソスソスナ擾ソスハ層ソスフ否抵ソスIソスネ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスモゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスロ抵ソスIソスネ擾ソスソスソスソスiソス痰ヲソスホTソスbソスoソスナの極端ソスネ再托ソスソスjソスソスソスソスfソス[ ソス^ソスフ托ソスソスMソスメゑソスソスソスフ前ソスソスソスソスソスoソスHソスソスソスソスソスしソストゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスqソスソスソスgソスソス ソスソスソス驍アソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスヌゑソスソスfソス[ソス^ソスフ趣ソスMソスメゑソスソスソスフ経ソスHソスソスソスソスソスしソストゑソスソスネゑソス ソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスMソスメに届ゑソスソスmソスFソスpソスPソスbソスgソスソスソスネゑソスソスフでの、ソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスoソスヘ趣ソスソスsソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソス ソスソスソスB Appendix F: Changes from RFC 2461 ソスtソス^ソスeソスFソスqソスeソスbソスQソスSソスUソスPソスソスソスソスフ変更 o Removed references to IPsec AH and ESP for securing messages or as part of validating the received message. o ソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスソスロ証ゑソスソス驍アソスニに対ゑソスソスト、ソスソスソス驍「ソスヘ、ソスソスMソスソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ妥難ソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍アソスニに対ゑソスソスト、ソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフAソスgソスニEソスrソスoソスノ対ゑソスソスソスQソスニゑソスソス除ソスB o Added Section 3.3. o ソスR.ソスRソスヘゑソスヌ会ソスソスB o Updated Section 11 to include more detailed discussion on threats, IPsec limitations, and use of SEND. o ソスhソスoソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスEソスニSソスdソスmソスcソスフ使ソスpソスノ関ゑソスソスソスソスソスレ細な論ソスcソスソスソスワむゑソスソス゚に1 ソスPソスヘゑソスソスXソスVソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスB o Removed the on-link assumption in Section 5.2 based on RFC 4942, "IPv6 Neighbor Discovery On-Link Assumption Considered Harmful". o ソスqソスeソスbソスSソスXソスSソスQソスuソスhソスoソスソスソスUソス゚隣探ソスソスソスIソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスヘ有ソスQソスvソスノ従ソスソスソスソス ソスT.ソスQソスヘのオソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスソスソス除ソスB o Clarified the definition of the Router Lifetime field in Section 4.2. o ソスS.ソスQソスヘのソスソス[ソス^ソスソスソスソスソスtソスBソス[ソスソスソスhソスフ抵ソス`ソス明確ソスソスソスB o Updated the text in Sections 4.6.2 and 6.2.1 to indicate that the preferred lifetime must not be larger than valid lifetime. o ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス蛯ォソスソスソストはなゑソスネゑソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚ゑソス ソスS.ソスU.ソスQソスヘと6.ソスQ.ソスPソスヘのテソスLソスXソスgソスソスソスXソスVソスB o Removed the reference to stateful configuration and added reference for DHCPv6 instead. o ソスソスヤゑソスソスソスン抵ソスフ参ソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスソス除ソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスノDソスgソスbソスoソスソスソスUソスフ参ソスlソスソスソスソスソスソスヌ会ソスソスB o Added the IsRouter flag definition to Section 6.2.1 to allow for mixed host/router behavior. o ソスzソスXソスg/ソスソスソス[ソス^ソスフ搾ソスソスン行ソスソスソスソスソスlソスソスソスノ難ソスソスソス驍スソス゚6.ソスQ.ソスPソスヘゑソス IsRouterソスtソスソス ソスOソスソス`ソスソスヌ会ソスソスB o Allowed mobile nodes to be exempt from adding random delays before sending an RS during a handover. o ソスソスソスoソスCソスソスソスmソス[ソスhソスソスソスAソスnソスソスソスhソスIソス[ソスoソスフ間のソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソス送ゑソスロにソスソスソスソス_ソスソスソスx ソスソスソスソスニ擾ソスソスソスソスソスフゑソスソスソスソスツ。 o Updated the definition of the prefix length in the prefix option. o ソスvソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソスソスナプソスソスソスtソスBソスbソスNソスXソスソスソスフ抵ソス`ソスソスソスXソスVソスB o Updated the applicability to NBMA links in the introduction and added references to 3GPP RFCs. o ソスソスソス_ソスフNソスaソスlソス`ソスソスソスソスソスNソスノ適ソスpソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスAソスRソスfソスoソスoソスフRソスeソスbソスフ参ソスニゑソスヌ会ソスソスB o Clarified that support for load balancing is limited to routers. o ソスソスソスラ包ソスソスUソスフ対会ソスソスソスソスソスソス[ソス^ソスノ鯉ソスソス閧ウソスソストゑソスソス驍アソスニを明確ソスソスソスB o Clarified router behavior when receiving a Router Solicitation without Source Link-Layer Address Option (SLLAO). o ソス\ソス[ソスXソスソスソスソスソスNソスwソスAソスhソスソスソスXソスIソスvソスVソスソスソスソス(SLLAO)ソスネゑソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスフソスソス[ソス^ソスsソスソスソス明確ソスソスソスB o Clarified that inconsistency checks for CurHopLimit are done for non-zero values only. o ソスソスソスンのホソスbソスvソスソスソスEソスフ撰ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ趣ソスソスソスソスム撰ソスソスヘゼソスソスソスネ外ソスフ値ソスナのみゑソスソスソスソス ソスニ厄ソスソスmソスソスソスB o Rearranged Section 7.2.5 for clarity, and described the processing when receiving the NA in INCOMPLETE state. o ソスソスソスmソスソスソスニ不ソスソスソスS(INCOMPLETE)ソスソスヤで近隣広ソスソスソスソスソスソスMソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚セソスNソスVソスソスソスソス ソスV.ソスQ.ソスTソスヘゑソスソス\ソスソスソスヨ。 o Added clarifications in Section 7.2 on how a node should react upon receiving a message without SLLAO. o ソスVソスDソスQソスヘに、ソスmソス[ソスhソスソスSLLAOソスネゑソスソスフソスソスbソスZソス[ソスWソスフ趣ソスMソスソスソスノどのようソスノ費ソスソスソス ソスソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスmソスネ撰ソスソスソスソスソスヌ会ソスソスB o Added new IANA section. o ソスhソス`ソスmソス`ソスフ章の追会ソスソスB o Miscellaneous editorials. o ソスGソスソスソスネ修ソスソスソスB Acknowledgments ソスモ趣ソス The authors of RFC 2461 would like to acknowledge the contributions of the IPV6 working group and, in particular, (in alphabetical order) Ran Atkinson, Jim Bound, Scott Bradner, Alex Conta, Stephen Deering, Richard Draves, Francis Dupont, Robert Elz, Robert Gilligan, Robert Hinden, Tatuya Jinmei, Allison Mankin, Dan McDonald, Charles Perkins, Matt Thomas, and Susan Thomson. ソスqソスeソスbソスQソスSソスUソスPソスフ抵ソスソスメはIソスoソスソスソスUソスソスニ班と、ソスソスソスノ、ソスiソスAソスソスソスtソス@ソスxソスbソスgソスソスソスナ)ソスA Ran AtkinsonソスソスJim BoundソスソスScott BradnerソスソスAlex ContaソスソスStephen Deering ソスソスRichard avesソスソスFrancis DupontソスソスRobert ElzソスソスRobert Gilliganソスソス Robert HindenソスソスTatuya JinmeiソスソスAllison MankinソスソスDan McDonaldソスソス Charles PerkinsソスソスMatt ThomasソスソスSusan Thomsonソスフ奇ソス^ソスノ奇ソスソスモゑソスソスワゑソスソスB The editor of this document (Hesham Soliman) would like to thank the IPV6 working group for the numerous contributions to this revision -- in particular (in alphabetical order), Greg Daley, Elwyn Davies, Ralph Droms, Brian Haberman, Bob Hinden, Tatuya Jinmei, Pekka Savola, Fred Templin, and Christian Vogt. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ編集ソスソス(Hesham Soliman)ソスヘゑソスソスフ修ソスソスソスヨの托ソスソスソスソスフ奇ソスtソスノ対ゑソスソスソス ソスhソスoソスソスソスUソスソスニ班に奇ソスソスモゑソスソスワゑソスソス|ソスソスソスノ(ソスAソスソスソスtソス@ソスxソスbソスgソスソスソスナ)ソスAGreg Daleyソスソス Elwyn DaviesソスソスRalph DromsソスソスBrian HabermanソスソスBob Hindenソスソス Tatuya JinmeiソスソスPekka SavolaソスソスFred TemplinソスソスChristian Vogt.ソスB Authors' Addresses ソスソスソスメのアソスhソスソスソスX Thomas Narten IBM Corporation P.O. Box 12195 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2195 USA Phone: +1 919 254 7798 EMail: [email protected] Erik Nordmark Sun Microsystems, Inc. 17 Network Circle Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA Phone: +1 650 786 2921 Fax: +1 650 786 5896 EMail: [email protected] William Allen Simpson Daydreamer Computer Systems Consulting Services 1384 Fontaine Madison Heights, Michigan 48071 USA EMail: [email protected] Hesham Soliman Elevate Technologies EMail: [email protected] Full Copyright Statement ソスソスソスSソスソスソス権ソス\ソスソス Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). ソスソスソス権ソスiソスbソスjソスhソスdソスsソスeソスMソスソスソスiソスQソスOソスOソスVソスjソスB This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘBソスbソスoソスVソスWソスノ含まゑソス骭ソスソスソスニ具ソスソスツと撰ソスソスソスソスフ適ソスpソスソスソスけ、ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスノ厄ソスソス轤ゥソスノゑソスソスソスソスネ外ソスヘ抵ソスソスメゑソスソスソスソスラての鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB This document and the information contained herein are provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスノ含まゑソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソス驍ェソスワまに具ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスvソスソスソスメと貢ソスソス ソスメゑソスソスソス\ソスソスソス驍ゥソスvソスソスソスメゑソスソス繪ソスソスソスソスgソスDソスiソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスホ)ソスニイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスwソスソス ソスニIソスdソスsソスeソスMソスソスソスニイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスZソスpソスWソスソスソスソスソス^ソスXソスNソスtソスHソス[ソスXソスヘ、ソスソスソスmソスノゑソスソスソス ソスルにゑソスソスAソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスフ使ソスpソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ侵ソスQソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニや商ソスニ暦ソスソスpソスソスソスソスハの目的ソスソス ソスフ暦ソスソスpソスノ適ソスソスソスナゑソスソス骼厄ソスフ保擾ソスソスソスワめ、ソスSソストの保証ゑソスソスソスソスロゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Intellectual Property ソスmソスIソスソスソスLソスソス The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスノ記ソスqソスソスソス黷スソスソスソスソスソスソスZソスpソスノ関ゑソスソスト主張ソスソスソスソスソスmソスIソスソスソスYソスソスソス竭シソスフ鯉ソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスヘ囲につゑソスソスト、ソスソスソスフ様ソスネ鯉ソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスナソスソスCソスZソスソスソスXソスソスソスソスソスpソスツ能ソスソスソスソスソスpソスs ソスツ能ソスソスソスフ範囲につゑソスソスト、ソスhソスdソスsソスeソスヘ会ソスソスフ暦ソスソスソスソスソスニゑソスワゑソスソスソスGソスソスソスフ様ソスネ鯉ソスソスソスソスソス ソスFソスソスソスソスソスソスニ暦ソスソスフ抵ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスニは述ソスラまゑソスソスソスBソスqソスeソスbソスソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソスソスソスノ関ゑソスソスソス闡ア ソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスヘBソスbソスoソスVソスWソスニBソスbソスoソスVソスXソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at http://www.ietf.org/ipr. ソスhソスdソスsソスeソスソスソスソスソスヌに鯉ソスソスJソスソスソス黷スソスhソスoソスqソスフ写ゑソスソスニ、ソスソスソスpソスツ能ソスネ具ソスソスツ証と、ソスdソスlソスソス ソスフ趣ソスソスソスソスメや利ソスpソスメにゑソスソスソストゑソスソス黷スソスソスハ的ソスネ具ソスソスツ擾ソスソス站厄ソスツを得るたソス゚にゑソスソス黷ス ソスソスソスンの鯉ソスソスハは、http://www.ietf.org/iprソスノゑソスソスソスhソスdソスsソスeソスIソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソスhソスoソスq ソスソスソスソスソスノで難ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at [email protected]. ソスhソスdソスsソスeソスヘ具ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスフ標ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスフに必ソスvソスネ技ソスpソスソスソスJ ソスoソス[ソスソスソス髓假ソス権ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスoソスソス竭シソスフ擾ソスソスLソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスモゑソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ具ソス ソス゚まゑソスソスBソスヌゑソスソスソス[email protected]ソスフIソスdソスsソスeソスノ擾ソスソスソス`ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB