ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスRFC3912ソスフ難ソスソス{ソスソスソスiソスaソスソスjソスナゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ翻ソスソスソスソスeソスフ撰ソスソスmソスソスソスヘ保擾ソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソスソスソス゚、 ソスソスソスmソスネ知ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス゚ゑソスソスソスヘ鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソスQソスニゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB ソス|ソスソスメはゑソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスト読者ゑソスソスソス闢セソスソス@ソスソスソスネる損ソスQソスフ責任ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスB ソスソスソスフ翻ソスソスソスソスeソスノ鯉ソス閧ェソスソスソスソス鼾ソスAソスソスソスソスソスナの鯉ソスソスJソスソスA ソスソスソスフ指ソスEソスヘ適ソスリでゑソスソスB ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ配ソスzソスヘ鯉ソスソスフRソスeソスbソスソスソスlソスノ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB
Network Working Group L. Daigle Request for Comments: 3912 VeriSign, Inc. Obsoletes: 954, 812 September 2004 Category: Standards Track WHOIS Protocol Specification ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスdソスl Status of this Memo ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスソス This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスフのゑソスソス゚のイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスWソスソスソスソスソスソスニ抵ソスソスフプ ソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスwソス閧オソスト、ソスソスソスソスソスト会ソスソスヌのゑソスソス゚に議ソス_ソスニ抵ソストゑソスソスソスソス゚まゑソスソスBソスWソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスヤとゑソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスヤは「ソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスWソスソスソスvソスiソスrソスsソスc ソスPソスjソスフ鯉ソスソスンの版ゑソスソスQソスニゑソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスフソスソスソスソスフ配ソスzソスヘ厄ソスソスソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスB Copyright Notice ソスソスソス権ソス\ソスソス Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). Abstract ソスvソスソス This document updates the specification of the WHOIS protocol, thereby obsoleting RFC 954. The update is intended to remove the material from RFC 954 that does not have to do with the on-the-wire protocol, and is no longer applicable in today's Internet. This document does not attempt to change or update the protocol per se, or document other uses of the protocol that have come into existence since the publication of RFC 954. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘWソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスナRソスeソスbソスXソスTソスSソスソス ソスソスソスソスxソスソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスXソスVソスヘRソスeソスbソスXソスTソスSソスフ、ソスIソスソスソスソスソスCソスソスソスナは不ソスvソスナ搾ソスソスソスソスフイ ソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスノ適ソスpソスナゑソスソスネゑソスソズ暦ソスソスソスソスソス闖懶ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスモ図ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘ本 ソスソスソスIソスノプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ変更ソスソスXソスVソスAソスソスソス驍「ソスヘRソスeソスbソスXソスTソスSソスフ鯉ソスソスJソスソスノ起ソスソスソスソスソスv ソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ托ソスソスフ使ソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスンまゑソスソスソスB 1. Introduction 1. ソスヘゑソスソス゚ゑソス WHOIS is a TCP-based transaction-oriented query/response protocol that is widely used to provide information services to Internet users. While originally used to provide "white pages" services and information about registered domain names, current deployments cover a much broader range of information services. The protocol delivers its content in a human-readable format. This document updates the specification of the WHOIS protocol, thereby obsoleting RFC 954 [1]. ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスヘイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスソスソス[ソスUソスノ擾ソスソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス驍スソス゚に広ソスソスソスg ソスソスソスソスsソスbソスoソスxソス[ソスXソスフ趣ソスソスソスwソスソスソスフ問合ソスソスソス^ソス答プソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスナゑソスソスBソスソスソス黷ェソス{ソスソス ソスハゑソスuソスzソスソスソスCソスgソスyソス[ソスWソスvソスTソス[ソスrソスXソスニ登ソス^ソスソスソス黷スソスhソスソスソスCソスソスソスソスソスフ擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス゚にゑソスソスgソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスAソスソスソスンの使ソスソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスニ広ソスソスソスヘ囲の擾ソスソスTソス[ソスrソスX ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘ人ソスヤゑソスソスヌむゑソスソスニゑソスソスナゑソスソスソスtソスHソス[ソス}ソスbソスgソスナゑソスソスフ難ソスソスeソスソス ソスヘゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘWソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ仕ソスlソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソスAソスqソスeソスbソスXソスT ソスS[1]ソスソスソスソスソスソスxソスソスノゑソスソスワゑソスソスB For historic reasons, WHOIS lacks many of the protocol design attributes, for example internationalisation and strong security, that would be expected from any recently-designed IETF protocol. This document does not attempt to rectify any of those shortcomings. Instead, this memo documents the WHOIS protocol as it is. In some areas, this document does document particular well known shortcomings of the WHOIS protocol. The discussion of possible protocols to carry out these functions, with updated capabilities to address the shortcomings, is being addressed in a separate IETF activity (CRISP Working Group). ソスソスソスjソスIソスネ暦ソスソスRソスナ、ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスヘ最近設計ソスソスソス黷スソスhソスdソスsソスeソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスナ奇ソスソスメゑソス ソスソスソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスン計ソスフ難ソスソスソスソスAソス痰ヲソスホ搾ソスソスロ会ソスソスニ具ソスソスソスソスソスソスSソスヌ暦ソスソスAソスフ托ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソス_ソスフゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス謔、ソスニ趣ソスソスンまゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘ、ソスソスソスワゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ、ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソス文擾ソスソスソスソスソス ソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスGソスソスソスAソスナ、ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘWソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ難ソスソスソスフよくソスmソスソスソス ソストゑソスソス骭ソス_ソス文擾ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソス_ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスXソスVソスソスソス黷スソス\ソスヘとゑソスソスソスソスフ機ソス\ソスソス ソスsソスソスソス驍スソス゚のプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ論ソスcソスヘ、ソスハのIソスdソスsソスeソスソスソスソスソスiソスbソスqソスhソスrソスoソスソスニ班) ソスナ茨ソスソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスB 2. Protocol Specification 2. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスdソスlソスソス A WHOIS server listens on TCP port 43 for requests from WHOIS clients. The WHOIS client makes a text request to the WHOIS server, then the WHOIS server replies with text content. All requests are terminated with ASCII CR and then ASCII LF. The response might contain more than one line of text, so the presence of ASCII CR or ASCII LF characters does not indicate the end of the response. The WHOIS server closes its connection as soon as the output is finished. The closed TCP connection is the indication to the client that the response has been received. ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスTソス[ソスoソスソスソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスNソスソスソスCソスAソスソスソスgソスソスソスソスフ要ソスソスソスフゑソスソス゚にTソスbソスoソス|ソス[ ソスgソスSソスRソス聞ゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスNソスソスソスCソスAソスソスソスgソスヘテソスLソスXソスgソスvソスソスソスソスソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスTソス[ ソスoソスノゑソスソスAソスソスソスソスソストWソスgソスnソスhソスrソスTソス[ソスoソスソスソスeソスLソスXソスgソスナ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスラての要ソスソスソスソス ソス`ソスrソスbソスhソスhソスフCソスqソスニAソスrソスbソスhソスhソスフLソスeソスナ終ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスヘ1ソスsソスネ擾ソスフテソスL ソスXソスgソスソスソスワゑソスナゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスAソスソスソスソスナAソスrソスbソスhソスhソスフCソスqソスソス`ソスrソスbソスhソスhソスソス ソスkソスeソスソスソスソスソスフ托ソスソスンは会ソスソスソスソスフ終ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスTソス[ソスoソスヘ、ソスoソスヘゑソス ソスIソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスノ、ソスソスソスフ接托ソスソスソスツゑソスソスワゑソスソスBソスツゑソスソスソス黷スソスsソスbソスoソスレ托ソスソスヘ会ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスNソスソスソスCソスAソスソスソスgソスヨの表ソスソスソスナゑソスソスB 3. Protocol Example 3. ソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソス If one places a request of the WHOIS server located at whois.nic.mil for information about "Smith", the packets on the wire will look like: ソスソスソスソスソスソスソス黷ゥソスソスwhois.nic.milソスノゑソスソスソスソスソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスTソス[ソスoソスノ「Smithソスvソスフ要ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスネゑソスAソスソスソスソスソスフパソスPソスbソスgソスヘ以会ソスソスフようソスノなゑソスナゑソスソス蛯、ソスF client server at whois.nic.mil open TCP ---- (SYN) ------------------------------> <---- (SYN+ACK) ------------------------- send query ---- "Smith<CR><LF>" --------------------> get answer <---- "Info about Smith<CR><LF>" --------- <---- "More info about Smith<CR><LF>" ---- close <---- (FIN) ------------------------------ ----- (FIN) -----------------------------> 4. Internationalisation 4. ソスソスソスロ会ソス The WHOIS protocol has not been internationalised. The WHOIS protocol has no mechanism for indicating the character set in use. Originally, the predominant text encoding in use was US-ASCII. In practice, some WHOIS servers, particularly those outside the USA, might be using some other character set either for requests, replies, or both. This inability to predict or express text encoding has adversely impacted the interoperability (and, therefore, usefulness) of the WHOIS protocol. ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘ搾ソスソスロ会ソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスBソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソス ソスgソスpソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスZソスbソスgソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスソスソスXソスAソスgソスpソスソスソスソスソス ソスネテソスLソスXソスgソスRソス[ソスfソスBソスソスソスOソスヘUソスrソス|ソス`ソスrソスbソスhソスhソスナゑソスソスソスソスBソスソスソスロは、ソスソスソスソスvソスgソスnソスh ソスrソスTソス[ソスoソスAソスソスソスノアソスソスソスソスソスJソスソスソスOソスソスソスOソスフ人ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスAソスvソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ暦ソスソスソスソスナ、ソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスZソスbソスgソスソスソスgソスソスソストゑソスソス驍ゥソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスeソスLソスXソスgソスRソス[ソスfソスBソスソスソスOソスフ予 ソスソスソスソス\ソスソスソスフ不ソス\ソスヘWソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスフ互奇ソスソスソスソスiソスニゑソスソスソスフに、ソスLソスpソスソスソスjソスソス ソスソスソスフ影ソスソスソスソス^ソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスB 5. Security Considerations 5. ソスZソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスフ考ソス@ The WHOIS protocol has no provisions for strong security. WHOIS lacks mechanisms for access control, integrity, and confidentiality. Accordingly, WHOIS-based services should only be used for information which is non-sensitive and intended to be accessible to everyone. ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスvソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスヘ具ソスソスソスソスソスソスSソスヌ暦ソスソスフゑソスソス゚に費ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスBソスvソスgソスnソスh ソスrソスヘアソスNソスZソスXソスソスソスソスニ奇ソスソスSソスソスソスニ機ソスソスソスソスソスフソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスノ鯉ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスBソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスト、 ソスvソスgソスnソスhソスrソスxソス[ソスXソスフサソス[ソスrソスXソスソスソス@ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスノゑソスソスソスソスgソスソスソスト、ソスFソスソス ソスAソスNソスZソスXソスナゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ意図ソスソスソスソス驍セソスソスソスナゑソスソスB The absence of such security mechanisms means this protocol would not normally be acceptable to the IETF at the time of this writing. ソスソスソスフようソスネセソスLソスソスソスソスソスeソスBソスソスソスJソスjソスYソスソスソスフ鯉ソスソス@ソスヘゑソスソスフプソスソスソスgソスRソスソスソスソスソスハ常こソスフ抵ソスソスソス ソスソスソス_ソスナIソスdソスsソスeソスノとゑソスソスト受け難ソスソスソスソスソスネゑソスソスナゑソスソスうソスソスソスニゑソスソスモ厄ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB 6. Acknowledgements 6. ソスモ趣ソス Ran Atkinson created an earlier version of this document. Ken Harrenstien, Mary Stahl, and Elizabeth Feinler were the authors of the original Draft Standard for WHOIS. Ran Atkinsonソスヘゑソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスフ以前ソスフ版ゑソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスソスソスBKen HarrenstienソスソスMary StahlソスソスElizabeth FeinlerソスヘWソスgソスnソスhソスrソスフオソスソスソスWソスiソスソスソスフドソスソスソスtソスgソスWソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスソス ソスナゑソスソスソスソスB 7. References 7. ソスQソスlソスソスソスソス 7.1. Normative References 7.1. ソスQソスニゑソスソスソスQソスlソスソスソスソス [1] Harrenstien, K., Stahl, M., and E. Feinler, "NICNAME/WHOIS", RFC 954, October 1985. Author's Address ソスソスソスメのアソスhソスソスソスX Leslie Daigle VeriSign, Inc. 21355 Ridgetop Circle Dulles, VA 20166 US EMail: [email protected]; [email protected] Full Copyright Statement ソスソスソス権ソス\ソスソスソスSソスソス Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). ソスソスソス権ソスiソスbソスjソスCソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスwソスソスiソスQソスOソスOソスSソスjソスB This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and at www.rfc-editor.org, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスヘBソスbソスoソスVソスWソスノ含まゑソス骭ソスソスソスニ具ソスソスツと撰ソスソスソスソスフ適ソスpソスソスソスけ、ソスソスソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスノ厄ソスソス轤ゥソスノゑソスソスソスソスネ外ソスヘ抵ソスソスメゑソスソスソスソスラての鯉ソスソスソスソスソスソスロ趣ソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB This document and the information contained herein are provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/S HE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ソスソスソスフ包ソスソスソスソスニゑソスソスソスソスノ含まゑソスソスソスソスヘゑソスソス驍ェソスワまに具ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスAソスvソスソスソスメと貢ソスソス ソスメゑソスソスソス\ソスソスソス驍ゥソスvソスソスソスメゑソスソス繪ソスソスソスソスgソスDソスiソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスホ)ソスニイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスwソスソス ソスニイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスZソスpソスWソスソスソスソスソス^ソスXソスNソスtソスHソス[ソスXソスヘ、ソスソスソスmソスノゑソスソステ黙にゑソスソスAソスソスソスフ擾ソス ソスソスフ使ソスpソスソスソスソスソスソスソスフ侵ソスQソスソスソスネゑソスソスソスソスニや商ソスニ暦ソスソスpソスソスソスソスハの目的ソスヨの暦ソスソスpソスノ適ソスソスソスソス ソスソスソス骼厄ソスフ保擾ソスソスソスワめ、ソスSソストの保証ゑソスソスソスソスロゑソスソスワゑソスソスB Intellectual Property ソスmソスIソスソスソスLソスソス The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights. 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Please address the information to the IETF at ietf- [email protected]. ソスhソスdソスsソスeソスヘ具ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスNソスソスソスソスナゑソスソスソスソスフ標ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスsソスソスソスソスフに必ソスvソスネ技ソスpソスソスソスJ ソスoソス[ソスソスソス髓假ソス権ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスoソスソス竭シソスフ擾ソスソスLソスソスソスフ抵ソスソスモゑソスソスソスソスソスソストゑソスソスソス謔、ソスノ具ソス ソス゚まゑソスソスBソスヌゑソスソスソス[email protected]ソスフIソスdソスsソスeソスノ擾ソスソスソス`ソスソスソストゑソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスB Acknowledgement ソスモ趣ソス Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society. ソスqソスeソスbソスGソスfソスBソス^ソス@ソス\ソスフゑソスソス゚の趣ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスンイソスソスソス^ソス[ソスlソスbソスgソスwソスソスノゑソスソスソスソス ソスソスソスソスソスソスソスソスワゑソスソスB