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Projects/Programs

Displaying 1 - 25 of 257

Absolute cryogenic infrared radiometry at the LBIR facility

Ongoing
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), and subsequently the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO) and the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), have motivated NIST's work developing calibration methods and standards for space-based sensors used in missile

AC-DC Difference

Ongoing
The use of thermal converters for ac voltage metrology was introduced by Frank Hermach at NIST in 1952. The basic thermal converter is a thermoelement, consisting of a thermocouple positioned at the midpoint of a heater wire, enclosed in an evacuated bulb. The thermoelement senses the heat generated

Acoustic Techniques in Fluid Metrology

Ongoing
In collaboration with NIST's Chemical Sciences Division, we use photoacoustic resonators for continuous monitoring of the CO2 concentration in ambient air from a tall building rooftop; (see Fig. 2) [ 1] for measuring the optical properties of particles (e.g. soot) in air that affect the energy

Activated Carbon and FGD Gypsum Standard Reference Materials

Completed
The role of mercury in the environment is now receiving close scrutiny because ultimately it can bioaccumulate as alkyl mercury in seafood with subsequent risk to human health through trophic transfer. Many industrial sources of mercury have been effectively reduced in recent years, but atmospheric

Advanced Composites Pilot for the Materials Genome Initiative

Completed
Many computational programs exist that are being used by industry for predicting properties of polymer composites but their general predictive power is limited by how faithfully the microstructure is represented and how realistically the interfaces are handled. The computations are limited by the

Advanced Mass Spectrometry Methods for Trace Detection

Ongoing
Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry (AI-MS) AI-MS remains a versatile field enabling direct analysis of samples in situ, requiring minimal or no sample preparation. These platforms are leveraged for the trace detection of organic and inorganic compounds, including, homemade and improvised

Advanced Materials Metrology

Ongoing
Electromagnetic devices cannot operate without the interaction of electromagnetic waves with materials, and the characterization of the interface between fields and materials will be a critical task for any device or metrology development from nanoscale to larger scales. Areas of impact over the

Advanced Metering in Smart Distribution Grids

Completed
Objective: To advance measurement science for the performance of smart meters and associated metering standards and test procedures that will enable accurate and fair electricity metering needed for the smart grid, by 2016. What is the new technical idea? This project will develop test procedures

Advanced Metrology to Enable Next Generation EUV Photoresists

Ongoing
EUV (extreme ultraviolet) lithography, the technology that “saved Moore’s Law,” is widely regarded as the future of cutting-edge nanofabrication. It was developed in the United States and U.S. companies in many parts of the EUV ecosystem have established dominance in the field that must be defended

Advanced Microscopy for Trace and Bulk Particle Characterization

Ongoing
The goal of this project is to help develop innovative metrologies and measurement protocols for micro/nano-scale analysis of particles. In this project, state-of-the-art optical and electron-based microscopy are used to conduct research for quantitative and qualitative analysis of chemical

Advancing PEEM-based Metrology

Ongoing
With the rise of emergent material systems, nanoscale devices and components, there is a need to assess their electronic properties at similar length scales. Bulk-sensitive measurements provide characteristic information averaged over the sample or device, and these properties may not be uniform

Advancing Power Electronics with Defect Metrology

Ongoing
Power electronics play a central role in all aspects of electrical energy storage, distribution, conversion, and consumption. Currently, power electronics heavily rely on Si-based insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), which have large footprints, are inefficient, and require extensive cooling

Aerodynamic Flow Visualization

Ongoing
Other videos: How Well Do Masks Work? (Schlieren Imaging In Slow Motion!) 3 Ways Of Seeing Invisible Air Flow (Veritasium) The Air You Share | All in This Together Publications "Filter Inserts Impact Cloth Mask Performance against Nano- to Micro-Sized Particles" James G. Radney, Jamie L. Weaver

Ambient and Atmospheric Pressure Mass Spectrometry

Ongoing
Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group employs a range of commercial pneumatically-assisted electrospray ionization (ESI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) sources for traditional mass spectrometric chemical analysis, identification

Analysis and Modeling of Atmospheric Particles to Assess Effects on Climate

Ongoing
Spectral data from satellite and ground-based remote sensing instruments are used to monitor the effects of atmospheric aerosols on climate. Determinations of how aerosols interact with sunlight or infrared radiation from Earth’s surface rely upon an aerosol model that approximates the sizes, shapes

Atomistic Potentials and the Future of Nanomaterials Metrology

Ongoing
Atomistic simulations are increasingly being used as a tool to understand and predict properties of materials in systems, such as nanomaterials, where direct measurement is time-consuming or extremely difficult. The success of atomistic simulations depends critically on the fidelity of a specific

Audit of EPA Protocol Gas Suppliers

Ongoing
Protocol gas standards are employed in measurements made for compliance purposes; one of the major uses is for measurements of regulated gaseous species from stationary source emitters, i.e., stack gases. Many of these stationary sources are regulated through the Cap and Trade program; therefore

Augmented Intelligence for Manufacturing Systems (AIMS)

Ongoing
Objective To overcome existing measurement challenges via augmented intelligence, the fusion of integrated metrology, physics-based models, and artificial intelligence, to enable monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics of manufacturing systems and their processes. Technical Idea One research

Building the next generation reference reflectometer

Ongoing
Have you ever wondered why some objects appear glossy, and others diffuse? Or thought about the complexity of characterizing the way light reflects from an object under different illumination and viewing angles and at different wavelengths in order to realistically render it in a computer simulation