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A278560
Numbers of the form x^2 + y^2 + z^2 with x + 3*y + 5*z a square, where x, y and z are nonnegative integers.
5
0, 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 58, 59, 65, 66, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 77, 78, 81, 83, 85, 89, 90, 97, 98, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 109, 114, 117, 118, 120, 122, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 134, 136, 138, 139, 144, 145, 146
OFFSET
1,3
COMMENTS
This is motivated by the author's 1-3-5-Conjecture which states that any nonnegative integer can be expressed as the sum of a square and a term of the current sequence.
Clearly, any term times a fourth power is also a term of this sequence. By the Gauss-Legendre theorem on sums of three squares, no term has the form 4^k*(8m+7) with k and m nonnegative integers.
LINKS
Zhi-Wei Sun, Refining Lagrange's four-square theorem, arXiv:1604.06723 [math.GM], 2016.
EXAMPLE
a(4) = 3 since 3 = 1^2 + 1^2 + 1^2 with 1 + 3*1 + 5*1 = 3^2.
a(5) = 8 since 8 = 0^2 + 2^2 + 2^2 with 0 + 3*2 + 5*2 = 4^2.
MATHEMATICA
SQ[n_]:=SQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
n=0; Do[Do[If[SQ[m-x^2-y^2]&&SQ[x+3y+5*Sqrt[m-x^2-y^2]], n=n+1; Print[n, " ", m]; Goto[aa]], {x, 0, Sqrt[m]}, {y, 0, Sqrt[m-x^2]}]; Label[aa]; Continue, {m, 0, 146}]
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Zhi-Wei Sun, Nov 23 2016
STATUS
approved