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A060530
Number of inequivalent ways to color edges of a cube using at most n colors.
12
0, 1, 218, 22815, 703760, 10194250, 90775566, 576941778, 2863870080, 11769161895, 41669295250, 130772947481, 371513523888, 970769847320, 2362273657030, 5406141568500, 11728193258496, 24276032182173, 48201464902410, 92221684354915
OFFSET
0,3
COMMENTS
Here inequivalent means under the action of the rotation group of the cube, of order 24, which in its action on the edges has cycle index (x1^12 + 3*x2^6 + 6*x4^3 + 6*x1^2*x2^5 + 8*x3^4)/24.
Also, number of inequivalent colorings of the edges of a regular octahedron using at most n colors. - José H. Nieto S., Jan 19 2012
From Robert A. Russell, Oct 08 2020: (Start)
Each chiral pair is counted as two when enumerating oriented arrangements. The Schläfli symbols for the regular octahedron and cube are {3,4} and {4,3} respectively. They are mutually dual.
There are 24 elements in the rotation group of the regular octahedron/cube. They divide into five conjugacy classes. The first formula is obtained by averaging the edge cycle indices after replacing x_i^j with n^j according to the Pólya enumeration theorem.
Conjugacy Class Count Even Cycle Indices
Identity 1 x_1^12
Vertex rotation 8 x_3^4
Edge rotation 6 x_1^2x_2^5
Small face rotation 6 x_4^3
Large face rotation 3 x_2^6 (End)
REFERENCES
N. G. De Bruijn, Polya's theory of counting, in E. F. Beckenbach, ed., Applied Combinatorial Mathematics, Wiley, 1964, pp. 144-184 (see p. 147).
LINKS
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (13,-78,286,-715,1287,-1716,1716,-1287,715,-286,78,-13,1).
FORMULA
a(n) = (n^12 + 6*n^7 + 3*n^6 + 8*n^4 + 6*n^3)/24. (Replace all x_i's in the cycle index by n.)
G.f.: -x*(150*x^10 +19758*x^9 +425032*x^8 +2763481*x^7 +6769435*x^6 +6773089*x^5 +2763307*x^4 +423883*x^3 +20059*x^2 +205*x +1)/(x -1)^13. - Colin Barker, Aug 13 2012
From Robert A. Russell, Oct 08 2020: (Start)
a(n) = 1*C(n,1) + 216*C(n,2) + 22164*C(n,3) + 613804*C(n,4) + 6901425*C(n,5) + 39713430*C(n,6) + 131754420*C(n,7) + 267165360*C(n,8) + 336798000*C(n,9) + 257796000*C(n,10) + 109771200*C(n,11) + 19958400*C(n,12), where the coefficient of C(n,k) is the number of oriented colorings using exactly k colors.
a(n) = A199406(n) + A337406(n) = 2*A199406(n) - A331351(n) = 2*A337406(n) + A331351(n). (End)
MATHEMATICA
Table[(n^12+6n^7+3n^6+8n^4+6n^3)/24, {n, 0, 20}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Feb 13 2013 *)
PROG
(PARI) { for (n=0, 200, write("b060530.txt", n, " ", (n^12 + 6*n^7 + 3*n^6 + 8*n^4 + 6*n^3)/24); ) } \\ Harry J. Smith, Jul 06 2009
CROSSREFS
Cf. A199406 (unoriented), A337406 (chiral), A331351 (achiral).
Other elements: A000543 (cube vertices, octahedron faces), A047780 (cube faces, octahedron vertices).
Cf. A046023 (tetrahedron), A282670 (dodecahedron/icosahedron).
Row 3 of A337407 (orthotope edges, orthoplex ridges) and A337411 (orthoplex edges, orthotope ridges).
Sequence in context: A224741 A209824 A230333 * A252997 A126829 A171406
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 11 2001
EXTENSIONS
Entry revised by N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 03 2005
STATUS
approved