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A045899
Numbers k such that k+1 and 3*k+1 are perfect squares.
14
0, 8, 120, 1680, 23408, 326040, 4541160, 63250208, 880961760, 12270214440, 170902040408, 2380358351280, 33154114877520, 461777249934008, 6431727384198600, 89582406128846400, 1247721958419651008, 17378525011746267720, 242051628206028097080
OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
Essentially the same as A051047.
It appears that a(n) = A046175(n)-A046174(n), that is, the triangular index of the n-th pentagonal triangular number minus its pentagonal index. - Jonathan Vos Post, Feb 28 2011
Sequence lists the nonnegative x solutions when (x + 1)*(3*x + 1) is a square. Positive x solutions when (x - 1)*(3*x - 1) is a square are in A011922. - Bruno Berselli, Feb 20 2018
LINKS
A. Baker and H. Davenport, The Equations 3x^2-2=y^2 and 8x^2-7=z^2, Quart. J. Math. Oxford 20 (1969).
A. Dujella and A. Pethoe, A generalization of a theorem of Baker and Davenport, Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2) 49 (1998), 291-306.
Z. Franusic, On the Extension of the Diophantine Pair {1,3} in Z[surd d], J. Int. Seq. 13 (2010) # 10.9.6
P. Gibbs, Diophantine quadruples and Cayley's hyperdeterminant, arXiv:math/0107203 [math.NT], 2001.
FORMULA
a(n) = A046184(n+1) - 1.
a(n) = 14*a(n-1) - a(n-2) + 8.
a(n) = ((2 + sqrt(3))*(7 + 4*sqrt(3))^n + (2 - sqrt(3))*(7 - 4*sqrt(3))^n - 4)/6. - Joseph Biberstine (jrbibers(AT)indiana.edu), Apr 23 2006
a(n) = 8*A076139(n-1) = 4*A217855(n-1) = 2*A123480(n-1) = 8/3*A076140(n-1). - Peter Bala, Dec 31 2012
From Colin Barker, Jul 30 2013: (Start)
G.f.: -8*x^2 / ((x - 1)*(x^2 - 14*x + 1)).
a(n) = 15*a(n-1) - 15*a(n-2) + a(n-3). (End)
E.g.f.: (-4*exp(x) + (2 + sqrt(3))*exp((7-4*sqrt(3))*x) + (2 - sqrt(3))*exp((7+4*sqrt(3))*x))/6. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Apr 28 2016
MATHEMATICA
f[n_] := FullSimplify[((Sqrt[3] + 2)*(7 + 4*Sqrt[3])^n - (Sqrt[3] - 2) (7 - 4 Sqrt[3])^n - 4)/6]; Array[f, 18, 0] (* Joseph Biberstine (jrbibers(AT)indiana.edu), Apr 23 2006 *)
Rest[CoefficientList[Series[-8*x^2/((x - 1)*(x^2 - 14*x + 1)), {x, 0, 50}], x]] (* G. C. Greubel, Jun 07 2017 *)
LinearRecurrence[{15, -15, 1}, {0, 8, 120}, 20] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 14 2024 *)
PROG
(PARI) x='x+O('x^50); concat([0], Vec(-8*x^2/((x - 1)*(x^2 - 14*x + 1)))) \\ G. C. Greubel, Jun 07 2017
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
Andrej Dujella (duje(AT)math.hr)
STATUS
approved