I find a bug in constants/element.py, line 42

def extract_categories(s, categories=None):
if categories == None:
categories = []
if s == None or len(s) == 0:
return categories
if len(s) >= 4 and type(s[0]) is str:
categories.append({"name": s[0], "id": s[2]})
else:
for sub in s:
extract_categories(sub, categories)
return categories

The problem is using list as the default parameter. It does not work as expected. It's recommended to use None as the default value and initialize the list inside the function if it's None.