cliath

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish clíath, from Proto-Celtic *kleitā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”). Cognate with French claie and Welsh clwyd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /clʲiə/

Noun

cliath f (genitive singular cléithe, nominative plural cliatha)

1. wattled, latticed frame; hurdle
2. raft, stretcher; (penal) hurdle
3. (military) phalanx
4. crowd, shoal
5. (music) staff, stave
6. (knitting) (patch of) darning (on stocking)
7. (anatomy, medicine) bodily frame, chest; chestiness, wheeze

Declension

Declension of cliath (second declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative cliath cliatha vocative a chliath a chliatha genitive cléithe cliath dative cliath cliatha forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an chliath na cliatha genitive na cléithe na gcliath dative leis an gcliath don chliath leis na cliatha

• Alternative plural: cléitheacha

Synonyms

• (raft, stretcher, penal hurdle): cliath iompair
• (music): cliath ceoil
• (knitting): cliath ar stoca
• (frame, chest, chestiness, wheeze): cliath uchta

Derived terms

• Baile Átha Cliath
• cliath catha
• cliath fhuirste
• cliath láimhe
• cliathach
• cliathán
• cliathbhosca
• cliathchosach
• cliathobair
• cliathóir
• snáthaid chléithe

Mutation

Mutated forms of cliath

radical	lenition	eclipsis
cliath	chliath	gcliath

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “cliaṫ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 148
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cliath”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish clíath, from Proto-Celtic *kleitā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰliə/

Noun

cliath f (genitive singular clèithe, plural cliathan)

1. grating, grid, lattice
2. harrow
3. shoal (of fish)

Synonyms

• (shoal): sgaoth

Derived terms

• cliath-bhogsa (“crate”)
• cliath-theine (“fire grate”)
• cliath-uinneige (“lattice, window bars”)
• comharra-clèithe (“grid reference”)
• iùl-clèithe (“grid reference”)

Verb

cliath (past chliath, future cliathaidh, verbal noun cliathadh, past participle cliathte)

1. harrow
2. copulate (about birds)

Mutation

Mutation of cliath

radical	lenition
cliath	chliath

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “cliath”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎^[1], Stirling, →ISBN, page cliath