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羊

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
羊 U+7F8A, 羊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F8A
← 羉
[U+7F89] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 羋 →
[U+7F8B]
⽺ U+2F7A, ⽺
KANGXI RADICAL SHEEP
← ⽹
[U+2F79] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽻ →
[U+2F7B]
⺶ U+2EB6, ⺶
CJK RADICAL SHEEP
← ⺵
[U+2EB5] 		CJK Radicals Supplement ⺷ →
[U+2EB7]

Translingual

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Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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See images of
Radical 123 羊

羊 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿手 (TQ), four-corner 80501, composition ⿱䒑𰀁)

  1. Kangxi radical #123, ⽺.

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 950, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28425
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1393, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3125, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7F8A

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 羊

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 羊
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (羊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
样 *ʔslaːŋ, *laŋ
佯 *zlaŋ, *laŋ
詳 *ljaŋ, *laŋ
洋 *ljaŋ, *laŋ
翔 *ljaŋ
庠 *ljaŋ
祥 *ljaŋ
痒 *ljaŋ, *laŋʔ
姜 *klaŋ
羌 *kʰlaŋ
蜣 *kʰlaŋ
猐 *kʰlaŋ
唴 *kʰlaŋs
羊 *laŋ
徉 *laŋ
烊 *laŋ
蛘 *laŋ, *laŋʔ
眻 *laŋ, *laŋs
鴹 *laŋ
恙 *laŋs
羕 *laŋs
樣 *laŋs
漾 *laŋs

Pictogram (象形) – picture of a ram's head. See also the original version of 沈.

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jaŋ (“sheep; yak”). Cognate with Tibetan གཡག (g.yag, “yak”), Lepcha ᰚᰩᰭ (yók, “yak”), Tangut 𗇼 (*gjwã², “goat”), Northern Tujia zo³⁵ (“goat; sheep”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ieo2/iuⁿ2 - vernacular;
  • yong2/yeng2 - literary.
Note:
  • iûⁿ/iôⁿ/iâuⁿ - vernacular;
  • iông - literary.
Note:
  • iên5 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Chenghai, Bangkok, Chiang Mai);
  • ion5 - vernacular (Shantou, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Pontianak, Hat Yai);
  • iang5 - literary.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: io5 / yiang5
      • Sinological IPA: /iɔ²²/, /ziaŋ²²/
Note:
  • io5 - vernacular;
  • yiang5 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 羊
Mandarin Beijing /iɑŋ³⁵/
Harbin /iaŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /iɑŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /iaŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /iaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /iaŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /iaŋ²⁴/
Xining /iɔ̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /iɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /iɑ̃⁵³/
Ürümqi /iɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /iaŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /iaŋ³¹/
Guiyang /iaŋ²¹/
Kunming /iã̠¹/
Nanjing /iaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /iɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /iɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /iɑŋ¹³/
/yə¹³/ ～子
Hohhot /iɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦiã²³/
Suzhou /ɦiã¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦiɑŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /ji³¹/
Hui Shexian /ia⁴⁴/
Tunxi /iau⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ian¹³/
Xiangtan /ian¹²/
Gan Nanchang /iɔŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ioŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒoŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jœŋ²¹/
Nanning /jœŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /jœŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iɔŋ³⁵/
/iũ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /yoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iɔŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /iõ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /iaŋ³¹/
/io³¹/
Rime
Character 羊
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 與章切
Baxter yang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jɨaŋ/
Li
Rong 		/iaŋ/
Wang
Li 		/jĭaŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		joeng4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 羊
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yáng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢaŋ/
English sheep

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 羊
Reading # 1/1
No. 14535
Phonetic
component 		羊
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		陽
Old
Chinese 		/*laŋ/

Definitions

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羊

  1. caprid (e.g. sheep, goat, antelope, etc.) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)
  2. (slang, neologism, humorous) Alternative form of 陽 / 阳 (yáng, “positive result (in a medical test)”)
  3. † Alternative form of 祥 (xiáng, “auspicious”)
  4. † Alternative form of 徉 (yáng)
  5. a surname: Yang
Synonyms
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  • (sheep, goat):
Dialectal synonyms of 羊 (“goat; sheep”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 羊
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 羊
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 羊
Taiwan 羊
Chifeng 羊
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 羊
Harbin 羊
Shenyang 羊
Singapore 羊
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 羊
Tangshan 羊
Cangzhou 羊
Baoding 羊
Shijiazhuang 羊
Jinan 羊
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 羊
Qingdao 羊
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 羊
Wanrong 羊
Zhengzhou 羊
Xi'an 羊
Xining 羊
Xuzhou 羊
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 羊
Lanzhou 羊
Ürümqi 羊
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 羊, 羊子
Chongqing 羊
Wuhan 羊, 羊子
Guiyang 羊, 羊子
Kunming 羊
Guilin 羊
Liuzhou 羊, 羊咩
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 羊
Yangzhou 羊
Nantong 羊
Hefei 羊
Cantonese Guangzhou 羊, 羊咩
Hong Kong 羊, 羊咩, 羊咩咩 childish
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 羊
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 羊
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 羊
Dongguan 羊
Yangjiang 羊, 羊咩
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 羊, 羊咩
Singapore (Guangfu) 羊
Gan Nanchang 羊
Pingxiang 羊
Hakka Meixian 羊仔
Dabu (Xihe) 羊
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 羊仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 羊仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 羊仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 羊
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 羊仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 羊
Hong Kong 羊
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 羊
Senai (Huiyang) 羊
Huizhou Jixi 羊
Shexian 羊
Jin Taiyuan 羊, 羊兒
Xinzhou 羊
Linhe 羊
Jining 羊
Hohhot 羊
Baotou 羊
Zhangjiakou 羊
Handan 羊
Northern Min Jian'ou 羊
Eastern Min Fuzhou 羊
Southern Min Xiamen 羊, 羊咩咩 childish
Quanzhou 羊, 羊咩咩 childish
Zhangzhou 羊咩咩 childish
Zhao'an 羊仔
Kaohsiung 羊
Yilan 羊仔
Changhua (Lukang) 羊
Taichung 羊仔
Taichung (Wuqi) 羊
Tainan 羊
Taitung 羊
Hsinchu 羊
Penghu (Magong) 羊
Penang (Hokkien) 羊
Singapore (Hokkien) 羊
Manila (Hokkien) 羊
Chaozhou 羊
Shantou 羊
Shantou (Chenghai) 羊
Jieyang 羊
Bangkok (Teochew) 羊
Chiang Mai (Teochew) 羊
Hat Yai (Teochew) 羊
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 羊
Singapore (Teochew) 羊
Pontianak (Teochew) 羊
Haikou 羊, 羊咩
Singapore (Hainanese) 羊
Puxian Min Putian 羊咩, 羊
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 羊
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 羊咩
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 羊
Xianyou 羊, 羊咩
Xianyou (Fengting) 羊, 羊咩
Xianyou (Youyang) 羊, 羊咩
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 羊, 羊咩咩 childish
Shehua Fu'an 羊
Fuding 羊
Luoyuan 羊
Sanming 羊
Shunchang 羊
Hua'an 羊
Guixi (Zhangping) 羊
Cangnan 羊
Jingning (Hexi) 羊
Lishui 羊
Longyou 羊
Chaozhou 羊
Fengshun 羊
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 羊
Wu Shanghai 羊
Suzhou 羊, 羊媽媽
Danyang 羊子
Hangzhou 羊
Wenzhou 羊兒
Xiang Changsha 羊
Shuangfeng 羊
Hengyang 羊

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (羊):
  • → Japanese: 羊(よう) (yō)
  • → Korean: 양(羊) (yang)
  • → Vietnamese: dương (羊)

Others:

See also

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References

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Etymology 2

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Orthographic borrowing from translingual ¥. Perhaps influenced by 大洋 (dàyáng).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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羊

  1. (slang) Japanese yen
  2. (slang) Chinese yuan

References

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  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “羊”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 277.

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
羊
ひつじ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Kanji

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羊

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. sheep

Readings

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  • Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)、じょう (jō)
  • Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)、しょう (shō)
  • Kun: ひつじ (hitsuji, 羊, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
羊
ひつじ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

⟨pi1tuzi⟩ → */pʲituzi/ → /ɸituzi/ → /çitsudʑi/

From Old Japanese.[1] Further derivation unknown. Theories include:

  • From 日 (hi, “sun”) +‎ 辻 (tsuji, “crossroads”), as the sun begins to set around the hour of the Sheep according to traditional Chinese timekeeping.
  • Alteration from 髭 (hige, “facial hair”) +‎ つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) +‎ 牛 (ushi, “cattle”).
  • Alteration from 人 (hito, “person”) +‎ 牛 (ushi, “cattle”), literally “people’s cattle”.
  • Alteration from 養す (hitasu, “to raise (cattle)”) +‎ 獣 (shishi, “a beast used for its meat”) or 養し (hitashi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 養す) +‎ 牛 (ushi, “cattle”). If true, would parallel the supposed development of やぎ (yagi) from 野牛 (yagyū, “wild cattle”), referring to the relative ease of domestication of sheep.[2]

Pronunciation

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 ヒツジ on Japanese Wikipedia

Noun

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羊(ひつじ) or 羊(ヒツジ) • (hitsuji) 

  1. a sheep (animal)
    Synonym: 綿羊 (menyō)
    • 1999 March 6, “スリーピィ [Sleepie]”, in Starter Box(スターターボックス), Konami:
      しっぽの長(なが)いひつじ。しっぽを使(つか)い催(さい)眠(みん)術(じゅつ)をかけ、睡(すい)魔(ま)を誘(さそ)う。
      Shippo no nagai hitsuji. Shippo o tsukai saiminjutsu o kake, suima o sasou.
      A sheep that will mesmerize you to sleep with its long tail.
Usage notes
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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒツジ.

Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
羊
よう
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 羊 (MC yang).

Pronunciation

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Affix

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羊(よう) • (yō) 

  1. a sheep (animal)

References

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  1. ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 614
  2. ^ 語源由来辞典 Gogen Yurai Jiten
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 羊 (MC yang). Recorded as Middle Korean 야ᇰ (yang) (Yale: yang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

羊 (eumhun 양 양 (yang yang))

  1. hanja form? of 양 (“sheep”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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羊: Hán Nôm readings: dương

  1. chữ Hán form of dương (“goat, sheep”).

Compounds

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