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{{Short description|Wife of Roman emperor Licinius}}
[[File:Flavia Julia Constantia.jpg|200px|thumb|Flavia Julia from [[Guillaume Rouillé|Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum]] ]]
{{Infobox royalty
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'''Flavia Julia Constantia''' (after 293 – c. 330) was the daughter of the [[Roman Emperor]] [[Constantius Chlorus]] and his second wife, [[Flavia Maximiana Theodora]].
| name = Flavia Julia Constantia
| title =
| image = Coin of Flavia Julia Constantia (obverse).jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Rare coin of Constantia.{{sfn|Pohlsander|1993|p=165}}
| succession = [[Roman empress]]
| moretext =
| reign = 313–324 (with [[Fausta]])
| coronation =
| cor-type =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = after 293
| birth_place =
| death_date = c. 330
| death_place =
| burial_date =
| burial_place =
| spouse = [[Licinius]]
| consort = yes
| issue = [[Licinius II]]
| issue-link =
| issue-pipe =
| issue-type =
| full name = Flavia Julia Constantia{{sfn|Pohlsander|1993|p=151}}
| dynasty = [[Constantinian dynasty|Constantinian]]
| father = [[Constantius Chlorus]]
| mother = [[Flavia Maximiana Theodora]]
| signature_type =
| signature =
| module =  
}}
[[File:Iscrizione in onore di Costanza - Musei Capitolini.jpg|thumb|Inscription<ref>{{CIL|6|40777}}</ref> from the base of a statue erected in honor of Constantia, called ''most noble'', sister of Constantine and aunt of the Caesars ([[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]] and [[Constantius II]]); the statue was erected between 326 and 333]]


⚫
'''Flavia Julia Constantia''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Κωνσταντία; after 293 – c. 330) was a Roman empress as the wife of [[Licinius]]. She was the daughter of the [[Roman emperor]] [[Constantius Chlorus]] and his wife [[Flavia Maximiana Theodora]], and younger half-sister of [[Constantine the Great]].
⚫
In 313, Emperor [[Constantine the Great]], who was the half-brother of Constantia, gave her in marriage to his co-emperor [[Licinius]], on occasion of their meeting in [[Milan|Mediolanum]]. She bore a son, [[Valerius Licinianus Licinius]], in 315, and when the struggle between Constantine and Licinius began in 316, she stayed on her husband's side. A second war started between the two emperors in 324; after Licinius' defeat, Constantia interceded with Constantine for her husband's life. Constantine spared Licinius' life, and obliged him to live in [[Thessalonica]] as a private citizen, but the following year (325), he ordered that Licinius be killed. A second blow for Constantia was the death, also by order of Constantine, of her son Valerius.


==Biography==
⚫
In the following years, Constantia lived at her brother's court, receiving honors (her title was ''nobilissima femina''). Constantia was her brother's favourite sister and proof of such favour is that he minted coins with her image and with the title "Constantia Soror Constantini AVG," or, "Constantia, Sister of Constantine Augustus" ("AVG" is an abbreviation of "Augustus," the center consonant being a "manuscript U," not a "V"). She converted to [[Christianity]],<ref>[[Jerome]], ''Epist.'', 133.4; [[Tyrannius Rufinus]], ''Hist. Eccl.'' 1.11.</ref> supporting the [[Arianism|Arian]] party at the [[First Council of Nicaea]] (325).<ref>[[Philostorgius]], [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/philostorgius.htm ''Hist. Eccl.'' 1.9].</ref>
Constantia was one of six children born from the marriage of [[Constantius I]] and [[Flavia Maximiana Theodora|Theodora]]. Although her birth date has not been recorded, she must have been born after 293, as that was the year of her parents’ marriage.{{sfn|Pohlsander|1993|p=153}} She had two sisters, [[Anastasia (sister of Constantine I)|Anastasia]] and [[Eutropia (sister of Constantine I)|Eutropia]], and three brothers, [[Julius Constantius]], [[Flavius Dalmatius]] and Hannibalianus.{{sfn|Jones|Martindale|Morris|p=895}} Constantius already had a son, [[Constantine I]], from his previous relationship with [[Helena, mother of Constantine I|Helena]], making him Constantia’s half-brother.


⚫
In 313, the emperor Constantine gave her in marriage to his co-emperor [[Licinius]], on occasion of their meeting in [[Mediolanum]].{{sfn|Jones|Martindale|Morris|p=221}} She bore a son, [[Valerius Licinianus Licinius]], in 315, and when the struggle between Constantine and Licinius began in 316, she stayed on her husband's side. A second war started between the two emperors in 324, ending in Licinius' defeat. Constantine initially spared his rival on Constantia's intercession, but in 325 he ordered that Licinius be killed. A second blow for Constantia was the death, also by order of Constantine, of her son Valerius.

⚫
In the following years, Constantia lived at her brother's court, receiving honours (her title was ''nobilissima femina''). Constantia was her brother's favourite sister and proof of such favour is that he minted coins with her image and with the title "Constantia Soror Constantini AVG," or, "Constantia, Sister of Constantine Augustus" ("AVG" is an abbreviation of "Augustus," the center consonant being a "manuscript U," not a "V"). She converted to [[Christianity]],<ref>[[Jerome]], ''Epist.'', 133.4; [[Tyrannius Rufinus]], ''Hist. Eccl.'' 1.11.</ref> supporting the [[Arianism|Arian]] party at the [[First Council of Nicaea]] (325).<ref>[[Philostorgius]], [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/philostorgius.htm ''Hist. Eccl.'' 1.9].</ref>

== Legacy ==
The city of [[Constanţa]], [[Romania]] is named after her.
The city of [[Constanţa]], [[Romania]] is named after her.


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
== Sources ==


* {{cite book |last=Jones |year=1971 |first=A.H.M. |author2=J.R. Martindale |author3=J. Morris |title=Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire |volume=1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-07233-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/prosopography-later-roman-empire/PLRE-I |name-list-style=amp |author-link=A. H. M. Jones |author-link2=John Robert Martindale |author-link3=John Morris (historian) |ref={{sfnref|Jones|Martindale|Morris}}}}
==References==
*{{cite journal |last=Pohlsander|year=1993 |first=Hans A. |title=CONSTANTIA|journal=Ancient Society|volume=24|pages=151–167|doi=10.2143/AS.24.0.2005864 |jstor=44079527}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.roman-emperors.org/consis.htm Constantia], at ''De Imperatoribus Romanis''
* [http://www.roman-emperors.org/consis.htm Constantia], at ''De Imperatoribus Romanis''


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{{s-aft|after=[[Fausta]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Fausta]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}

{{Roman empresses|state=collapsed}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Constantia, Flavia Julia}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Constantia, Flavia Julia}}
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[[Category:290s births]]
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[[Category:330s deaths]]
[[Category:4th-century deaths]]
[[Category:4th-century deaths]]
[[Category:Converts to Christianity from pagan religions]]
[[Category:Converts to Christianity from ancient Roman religions]]
[[Category:Roman empresses]]
[[Category:Constantinian dynasty|Flavia Julia]]
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[[Category:Ancient Roman women]]
[[Category:Constantinian dynasty]]
[[Category:Flavii|Julia Constantia]]
[[Category:Flavii|Julia Constantia]]
[[Category:Iulii]]
[[Category:Julii|Constantia, Flavia]]
[[Category:4th-century Romans]]
[[Category:4th-century Roman empresses]]
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[[Category:4th-century women]]
[[Category:4th-century Arian Christians]]
[[Category:4th-century Arian Christians]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Daughters of Roman emperors]]
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[[Category:Nobilissimae feminae]]

Revision as of 15:38, 2 September 2024

Flavia Julia Constantia
Rare coin of Constantia.[1]
Roman empress
Tenure313–324 (with Fausta)
Bornafter 293
Diedc. 330
SpouseLicinius
IssueLicinius II
Names
Flavia Julia Constantia[2]
DynastyConstantinian
FatherConstantius Chlorus
MotherFlavia Maximiana Theodora
 
Inscription[3] from the base of a statue erected in honor of Constantia, called most noble, sister of Constantine and aunt of the Caesars (Constantine II and Constantius II); the statue was erected between 326 and 333

Flavia Julia Constantia (Greek: Κωνσταντία; after 293 – c. 330) was a Roman empress as the wife of Licinius. She was the daughter of the Roman emperor Constantius Chlorus and his wife Flavia Maximiana Theodora, and younger half-sister of Constantine the Great.

Biography

Constantia was one of six children born from the marriage of Constantius I and Theodora. Although her birth date has not been recorded, she must have been born after 293, as that was the year of her parents’ marriage.[4] She had two sisters, Anastasia and Eutropia, and three brothers, Julius Constantius, Flavius Dalmatius and Hannibalianus.[5] Constantius already had a son, Constantine I, from his previous relationship with Helena, making him Constantia’s half-brother.

In 313, the emperor Constantine gave her in marriage to his co-emperor Licinius, on occasion of their meeting in Mediolanum.[6] She bore a son, Valerius Licinianus Licinius, in 315, and when the struggle between Constantine and Licinius began in 316, she stayed on her husband's side. A second war started between the two emperors in 324, ending in Licinius' defeat. Constantine initially spared his rival on Constantia's intercession, but in 325 he ordered that Licinius be killed. A second blow for Constantia was the death, also by order of Constantine, of her son Valerius.

In the following years, Constantia lived at her brother's court, receiving honours (her title was nobilissima femina). Constantia was her brother's favourite sister and proof of such favour is that he minted coins with her image and with the title "Constantia Soror Constantini AVG," or, "Constantia, Sister of Constantine Augustus" ("AVG" is an abbreviation of "Augustus," the center consonant being a "manuscript U," not a "V"). She converted to Christianity,[7] supporting the Arian party at the First Council of Nicaea (325).[8]

Legacy

The city of Constanţa, Romania is named after her.

Notes

  1. ^ Pohlsander 1993, p. 165.
  2. ^ Pohlsander 1993, p. 151.
  3. ^ CIL VI, 40777
  4. ^ Pohlsander 1993, p. 153.
  5. ^ Jones, Martindale & Morris, p. 895.
  6. ^ Jones, Martindale & Morris, p. 221.
  7. ^ Jerome, Epist., 133.4; Tyrannius Rufinus, Hist. Eccl. 1.11.
  8. ^ Philostorgius, Hist. Eccl. 1.9.

Sources

  • Jones, A.H.M.; J.R. Martindale & J. Morris (1971). Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-07233-6.
  • Pohlsander, Hans A. (1993). "CONSTANTIA". Ancient Society. 24: 151–167. doi:10.2143/AS.24.0.2005864. JSTOR 44079527.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Flavia Julia Constantia.
Royal titles
Preceded by Empress of Rome
313–324
with Fausta (313–324) 		Succeeded by
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