kufuru

See also: küfürü

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic كُفْر (kufr).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

kufuru (n class, plural kufuru)

1. blasphemy (irreverence toward something sacred)
2. an instance of profanity (a swear word)

Verb

-kufuru (infinitive kukufuru)

1. to blaspheme or curse

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kufuru
Positive present -nakufuru Subjunctive -kufuru Negative -kufuru Imperative singular kufuru
Infinitives
Positive kukufuru Negative kutokufuru
Imperatives
Singular kufuru Plural kufuruni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukufuru Positive past positive subject concord + -likufuru Negative past negative subject concord + -kukufuru
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakufuru) Singular Plural 1st person ninakufuru/nakufuru tunakufuru 2nd person unakufuru mnakufuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakufuru wanakufuru other classes positive subject concord + -nakufuru
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kufuru) Singular Plural 1st person sikufuru hatukufuru 2nd person hukufuru hamkufuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakufuru hawakufuru other classes negative subject concord + -kufuru
Positive future positive subject concord + -takufuru Negative future negative subject concord + -takufuru
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kufuru) Singular Plural 1st person nikufuru tukufuru 2nd person ukufuru mkufuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akufuru wakufuru other classes positive subject concord + -kufuru
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikufuru Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekufuru Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekufuru Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikufuru Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikufuru
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akufuru) Singular Plural 1st person nakufuru twakufuru 2nd person wakufuru mwakufuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akufuru wakufuru m-mi(III/IV) wakufuru yakufuru ji-ma(V/VI) lakufuru yakufuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakufuru vyakufuru n(IX/X) yakufuru zakufuru u(XI) wakufuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwakufuru pa(XVI) pakufuru mu(XVIII) mwakufuru
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekufuru "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakufuru "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakufuru "If/When" positive subject concord + -kikufuru "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokufuru Consecutive kakufuru / positive subject concord + -kakufuru Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakufuru
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nikufuru -tukufuru 2nd person -kukufuru -wakufuru/-kukufuruni/-wakufuruni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkufuru -wakufuru m-mi(III/IV) -ukufuru -ikufuru ji-ma(V/VI) -likufuru -yakufuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikufuru -vikufuru n(IX/X) -ikufuru -zikufuru u(XI) -ukufuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kukufuru pa(XVI) -pakufuru mu(XVIII) -mukufuru Reflexive -jikufuru
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kufuru- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -kufuruye -kufuruo m-mi(III/IV) -kufuruo -kufuruyo ji-ma(V/VI) -kufurulo -kufuruyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kufurucho -kufuruvyo n(IX/X) -kufuruyo -kufuruzo u(XI) -kufuruo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kufuruko pa(XVI) -kufurupo mu(XVIII) -kufurumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kufuru) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekufuru -okufuru m-mi(III/IV) -okufuru -yokufuru ji-ma(V/VI) -lokufuru -yokufuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokufuru -vyokufuru n(IX/X) -yokufuru -zokufuru u(XI) -okufuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokufuru pa(XVI) -pokufuru mu(XVIII) -mokufuru
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.