Aka Manto (赤マント, Red Cloak),[1] also known as Red Cape,[2] Red Vest,[1] Akai-Kami-Aoi-Kami (赤い紙青い紙, Red Paper, Blue Paper),[3] or occasionally Aoi Manto (青マント, Blue Cloak),[3] is a Japanese urban legend about a masked spirit who wears a red cloak, and who appears to people using toilets in public or school bathrooms.[3] Accounts of the legend vary, but one consistent element of the story is that the spirit will ask the occupant of a toilet a question. In some versions, he will ask if they want red paper or blue paper, though other versions identify the choices as a red cloak or a blue cloak, or as a red cape or a blue cape. Choosing either option will result in the individual being killed, so the individual must ignore the spirit, or reject both options and flee, in order to survive.
The legend and its variations
editAka Manto is described as a male spirit, ghost, or yōkai who haunts bathrooms late at night.[4] Aka Manto is often said to haunt female bathrooms specifically, and in some versions of the legend, he is said to haunt the furthest wall in your bathroom.[4] The spirit is said to wear a flowing red cloak and a mask that hides his face, and is sometimes described as being handsome and charming beneath his mask.[3][4]
According to legend, if a person is sitting on a toilet in a public or school bathroom, Aka Manto may appear, and will ask them if they want red paper or blue paper.[3][5] Depending on the version of the story, the spirit may ask them to choose between a red cloak and a blue cloak,[6] or between a red cape and a blue cape. If they choose the "red" option, they will be lacerated in such a manner that their dead body will be drenched in their own blood.[7] The specific manner in which the person is lacerated differs depending on the account of the legend, including the person being stabbed or flayed.[1] If the individual chooses the "blue" option, the consequences range from that person being strangled to all of the person's blood being drained from their body.[8] In some versions of the story, the choices are between red and white paper, with the former resulting in a red tongue rising up out of the toilet to lick the student from below, and the latter resulting in a white hand fondling them from below.[1]
If an individual attempts to outsmart Aka Manto by asking for a different color of paper, cloak, or cape, it has been said that they will be dragged to an underworld or hell as a result.[9] In some versions, choosing a "yellow" paper, cloak or cape will result in the occupant's head being forced into the toilet, sometimes until they drown.[1][10] Those who bring toilet paper with them into the stall find that it vanishes before they can use it, allowing Aka Manto to present them with its options.[1] Ignoring the spirit, or replying that one does not want or prefer either kind of paper, is said to make the spirit go away.[10] In some accounts, rejecting both options and running away from Aka Manto will also result in the individual's survival.[1]
History
editAuthor and folklorist Matthew Meyer has stated that the Aka Manto has been recorded as a schoolyard rumor dating back as early as the 1930s.[1] In that time, the word manto commonly referred to a sleeveless kimono-style jacket, whereas in the modern-day, manto is the Japanese word for cloak or cape.[1] Because of this, different generations have had differing views of Aka Manto's supposed physical appearance.[1] According to a theory, around 1935, in an elementary school in Osaka City, there was a rumor that a man in a cloak would appear in a dimly lit clog box in the basement, and it took a year or two for this to spread to Tokyo, and from there it is said that the story of the red cloak was born. In Okubo, Tokyo in the early 1900s of the Showa era, it was said that the red cloak was a vampire, and that there were corpses here and there that had been attacked by the red cloak. In 1940, it spread to Kitakyushu, and was even rumored among Japanese elementary school students living in the Korean Peninsula under Japanese rule.
In popular culture
editAkagami-Aogami appears as the monster of the week in the second episode of the 2000 anime series Ghost Stories.[11]
The 2003 video game Castlevania: Aria of Sorrow features an enemy known as "Killer Mantle", which may have been based on the Aka Manto legend.[12]
The Legend of Zelda franchise has several variations on the Aka Manto, in the games Oracle of Ages, Skyward Sword, and Majora's Mask. It serves mostly the same purpose in all three games, in which it is found in a lavatory at night, and will ask for paper (or simply mutter threatening phrases at the player in Oracle of Ages.) In Skyward Sword, it can be found in the Knight Academy bathroom at night and will ask for paper, which the player can acquire through various side quests. In Majora’s Mask, the hand will do something much to the same effect, and in Oracle of Ages it simply serves as part of the trading quest.[citation needed]
The 2019 video game Aka Manto, developed and published by Chilla's Art, is based on the legend.[13][14]
In the 2021 South Korean television series Squid Game, players are recruited to a deadly tournament by a man who invites them to play the Korean children's game ddakji for cash. He offers them the choice of a red or a blue paper tile, but this choice does not affect the outcome. Hwang Dong-hyuk, the show's director, confirmed in an interview that this was a reference to the Aka Manto legend.[15]
In the 9th episode of the South Korean series Hotel Del Luna, a ghost is seen asking the hotel owner whether he preferred red or blue toilet paper. He makes a remark questioning how long she has been asking this question since he first heard of it during his childhood.[16]
Aka Manto appears as a boss in the role-playing video game World of Horror.[17][non-primary source needed]
See also
edit- Akaname, a Japanese yōkai said to lick the filth in bathrooms and bathtubs
- Hanako-san, a Japanese urban legend about the spirit of a young girl who haunts school bathrooms
- Kuchisake-onna ("Slit-Mouthed Woman"), a Japanese urban legend about a disfigured woman who asks a question where either answer is dangerous
- Madam Koi Koi, an African urban legend of a ghost who haunts schools
- Teke Teke, a Japanese urban legend about the spirit of a girl with no lower body
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Meyer, Matthew (31 October 2016). "Aka manto". Yokai.com. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
- ^ "Japanese Scary Stories: Aka Manto". Japan Info. Japan Info Co., Ltd. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
- ^ a b c d e Grundhauser, Eric (2 October 2017). "Get to Know Your Japanese Bathroom Ghosts". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
- ^ a b c Bathroom Readers' Institute 2017, p. 390.
- ^ Joly 2012, p. 55.
- ^ Briggs, Stacia; Connor, Siofra (16 June 2018). "Weird Norfolk: The haunting of Hardley crossroads". Eastern Daily Press. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
- ^ Vago, Mike (15 May 2016). "Don't fall for Japan's urban legends". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
- ^ "トイレの花子さんは時代遅れ？ いまどきの学校の怪談とは" [Is Hanako-san in the toilet obsolete? What is the ghost story of the school of today?] (in Japanese). 18 June 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
- ^ Bricken, Rob (19 July 2016). "14 Terrifying Japanese Monsters, Myths, And Spirits". Kotaku. Archived from the original on July 20, 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
- ^ a b Bathroom Readers' Institute 2017, p. 391.
- ^ "TVアニメ放送記録 2000-10" (in Japanese). Anime List. Infoseek. Archived from the original on October 8, 2008. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
- ^ Gilbert, Brian David (25 November 2018). "I wasted 3 weeks of my life finding Castlevania's hottest monster - Unraveled". Polygon. Retrieved 21 September 2019 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Aka Manto | 赤マント on Steam". Steam. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
- ^ Shohei, Hay (20 February 2020). "『事故物件』『赤マント』『雪女』。Steamで話題の兄弟ホラーゲームクリエイター"Chilla's Art（チラズアート）"インタビュー。なぜレトロ和風ホラーを作り続けるのか". Famitsu (in Japanese). Retrieved 29 July 2020.
- ^ Tassi, Paul (19 October 2021). "'Squid Game' Director Shuts Down Red-Blue, Player-Guard Theory". Forbes. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
- ^ "Hotel del Luna: Episode 9". Dramabeans. 14 August 2019. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ^ Koźmiński, Paweł (10 March 2018). "WOH design 102: why animate when you can move it left and right and call it a day? (also, add more holes)". Retrieved 2022-12-09 – via Twitter.
Bibliography
edit- Bathroom Readers' Institute (2017). Uncle John's OLD FAITHFUL 30th Anniversary Bathroom Reader (Uncle John's Bathroom Reader Annual). Portable Press. ISBN 978-1684120864.
- Joly, Dom (2012). Scary Monsters and Super Creeps: In Search of the World's Most Hideous Beasts. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0857207647.
Further reading
edit- 文芸 [Literature] (in Japanese). Vol. 21. 河出書房新社 (Kawade Shobo Shinsha). 1982.
- Tanemura, Tokihiro (1989). 日本怪談集 [Japan ghost story collection] (in Japanese). Vol. 1. 河出書房新社 (Kawade Shobo Shinsha).