Mountjoy Blount, 1st Earl of Newport (c. 1597 to 12 February 1666) was an English courtier and politician who held a number of positions under Charles I of England and supported the Royalists in the First English Civil War.
The Earl of Newport | |
|---|---|
 The Earl of Newport: detail from a double portrait with Baron Goring by Sir Anthony van Dyck. | |
| Master-General of the Ordnance | |
| In office 1634–1642 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1597 London |
| Died | 12 February 1666 (aged 68) St Aldate's, Oxford |
| Resting place | Christ Church, Oxford |
| Spouse | Anne Boteler (1627-his death) |
| Children | 8, including Mountjoy, Thomas, Henry |
| Parent(s) | Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy Penelope Rich |
| Occupation | Courtier and politician |
| Military service | |
| Battles/wars | Anglo-French War (1627–1629) St Martin-de-Ré Wars of the Three Kingdoms Newburn; Second Battle of Newbury; |
Personal details
editMountjoy Blount was born circa 1597, one of four children born to Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy (1563-1606) and his partner Penelope Rich, Lady Rich (1563-1607). His mother was married to Robert Rich, 1st Earl of Warwick; they separated shortly before Mountjoy was born, although they did not get divorced until 1605. Penelope was a sister of the Earl of Essex, executed for treason in 1601, making Blount a cousin to future Parliamentarian general Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex.[1]
This made Blount half-brother to Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick (1587–1658) and Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland (1590-1649). He also had three full brothers and sisters, Penelope (1592-?), Isabella, and Charles (1605-1627); almost certainly fathered by Charles Mountjoy, these children were brought up within the Rich family and appear in its pedigree, with the exception of Mountjoy, who was legitimised after his father's death.[2]
On 7 February 1627, he married Anne Boteler, a niece of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, a close friend and favourite of Charles I. They had five children who survived into adulthood; Isabella (1630-1655), Anne (1637-1651?), Mountjoy Blount, 2nd Earl of Newport (1630-1675), Thomas Blount, 3rd Earl of Newport (1637-1675) and Henry Blount, 4th Earl of Newport (1640-1679).[3] All three of his sons died without children, allegedly because they were mentally disabled.[4] Thomas Porter (dramatist) abducted, on 24 February 1655, Anne Blount, daughter of Mountjoy Blount, 1st Earl of Newport. For this, he was for a short time imprisoned, and the contract of marriage was declared null and void by the quarter sessions of Middlesex on 17 July following. A valid marriage subsequently took place, and they had a son George Porter (conspirator) 1659-1728.
Career
editHe became a member of James I's court, where he was something of a royal favourite, who played in a masque before the king mounted by James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle at Essex House on 8 January 1620/1621.[5] He was part of the entourage that accompanied Carlisle on a diplomatic mission to Louis XIII after the passage of Prince Charles through Paris incognito on his way to Spain at the time of negotiations towards the ill-starred "Spanish Match". [6]
Earl of Newport
editIn July 1627, he was created Earl of Newport in the Isle of Wight; Newport, as he now was, took part in the Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré in 1627 but was captured at the Battle of Pont du Feneau on 8 November. He was however released soon after.[7] He held a rear-admiral's command in the ineffective expedition to relieve La Rochelle in August 1628, for which he was petitioning for payment in the following years. His appointment as Master of Ordnance for his lifetime was granted on 31 August 1634; as was expected in the seventeenth century, he derived a tidy fortune from the position. From his sale of gunpowder at exorbitant prices, through the Spanish ambassador, to supply the Spanish fleet attacking Dutch forces in September 1639, he pocketed £1000, and the King, £5000.[8]
By his own account, he bargained with the ambassador to land soldiers from the Spanish fleet at Dunkirk, at thirty shillings a head, though public neutrality had been enjoined by Charles. His relatives, the Rich-Devereux clan, were identified with the Parliamentary opposition in the 1630s. Although at Christmas 1639, Newport participated with the King in the extravagant masque on the theme of Philogenes, royal "lover of the People",[9] with the return of the Long Parliament the next year, Newport by degrees joined the forces of opposition in the House of Lords. [citation needed]
The turning point came during the trial of Strafford in 1641, when Col. Lord Goring had revealed to Newport an amateurish plot of Royalist officers at Portsmouth to take London by surprise, seize the Tower and somehow rescue the king. Goring betrayed the plot to Newport, who passed on the information to John Pym, who brought it forward at the most dramatic and opportune moment, sealing Strafford's fate in the bill of attainder.
When the First English Civil War began in August 1642, Newport served in the Royalist army, and took part in the second battle of Newbury in 1644. In January 1646 he was taken prisoner and confined in London on parole. He played little part in public affairs thereafter. After the Restoration of Charles II in 1660, he regained some of his old influence, but age and ill health were taking their toll.
On 12 February 1666, he died at St Aldate's Church, Oxford where he had gone to avoid the Great Plague of London, and was buried in Christ Church, Oxford.[6]
Coat of arms
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References
edit- ^ Smut 2004.
- ^ Usher 2004.
- ^ Waters 1878, pp. 151–152.
- ^ Madden & Bandinel 1840, pp. 84–85.
- ^ The masque, played before the King to celebrate the arrival of the French ambassador, has been rediscovered; see Timothy Raylor, "The Lost Essex House Masque (1621): A Manuscript Text Discovered,". English Manuscript Studies 1100–1700 7 (1998): 86–130, and "The Design and Authorship of The Essex House Masque (1621)", MRDE 10 (1998), p. 218.
- ^ a b Smith 2004.
- ^ Histoire de la guerre des Huguenots faicte en France, sous le regne du Roy Louys XIII. Auec les plans des sieges des villes en taille douce (in French). T. du Bray. 1634.
- ^ . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- ^ Woodward 1955:310; almost the last of the masques, its words were by Sir William Davenant, its sets and costumes by Inigo Jones.
- ^ Burke, Bernard (1884). The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time. London: Harrison & sons. p. 93.
Sources
edit- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 941. s.v. "Mountjoy Blount"
- Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1886). . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 5. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- Madden, Frederic; Bandinel, Bulkeley, eds. (1840). Collectanea topographica et genealogica, Volume 6. John Bowyer Nichols and Son.
- Smith, David L. (2004). "Blount, Mountjoy, first earl of Newport (c. 1597–1666)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2692. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Smut, R Malcolm (2004). "Rich, Henry, first earl of Holland (1598-1649)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/23484. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Usher, Brett (2004). "Rich, Robert, first earl of Warwick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/61021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Waters, Robert Edmund Chester (1878). Genealogical memoirs of the extinct family of Chester of Chicheley V 1. Robson & Sons.