Wikipedia

Global Innovation Index

The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,[1]: 203  a British magazine. Until 2021 it was published by WIPO, in partnership with Cornell University, INSEAD and other organisations and institutions.[2]: 333 [3] It is based on both subjective and objective data derived from several sources, including the International Telecommunication Union, the World Bank and the World Economic Forum.[1]: 203 

Global Innovation Index
Report cover of the Global Innovation Index Report 2024
LanguageEnglish, French, Italian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Russian, German, Korean, Portuguese, Japanese
Publication details
History2007–present
Publisher
FrequencyAnnual
LicenseCC BY 4.0
Standard abbreviations
ISO 4Glob. Innov. Index
Indexing
ISSN2263-3693
Links
Framework showing the elements of the index

History

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The index was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,[1]: 203  a British magazine. It was created by Soumitra Dutta.[4]

Methodology

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The index is computed by taking a simple average of the scores in two sub-indices, the Innovation Input Index and Innovation Output Index, which are composed of five and two pillars respectively. Each of these pillars describe an attribute of innovation, and comprise up to five indicators, and their score is calculated by the weighted average method.[5]

Since its inception in 2007, an increasing number of governments systematically analyze their annual GII results and design policy responses to improve their performance.[6][7][8][9][10] The index is mentioned in a resolution on science, technology and innovation for sustainable development adopted on 19 December 2019 by the General Assembly of the United Nations.[11]

The index has been criticized for giving excessive significance attributed to factors that aren’t integral to innovation. For instance, “Ease of Paying Taxes“, “Electricity Output“ (half-weightage) and “Ease of Protecting Minority Investors” are factors alongside “Ease of Getting Credit” and “Venture Capital Deals“.[12]

Themes

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Every two years the GII covers a theme related to innovation which goes beyond the innovation rankings. In 2020, the theme was “Who will finance innovation?” shedding light on the state of innovation financing by investigating the evolution of existing mechanisms and pointing to progress and remaining challenges. Previous GII themes covered health innovation, environmental innovation, agricultural and food innovation, and others.[13]

Ranking

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Movement in the Global Innovation Index top 10 countries and territories between 2018 and 2022

The Global Innovation Index 2024 (GII) scores 133 countries.[14][15] Sorting is in descending order by score.

Rank Country Score Income group
 1    Switzerland 67.5   High-income
 2    Sweden 64.5   High-income
 3    United States 62.4   High-income
 4    Singapore 61.2   High-income
 5    United Kingdom 61.0   High-income
 6    South Korea 60.9   High-income
 7    Finland 59.4   High-income
 8    Netherlands 58.8   High-income
 9    Germany 58.1   High-income
 10    Denmark 57.1   High-income
 11    China 56.3   Upper middle-income
 12    France 55.4   High-income
 13    Japan 54.1   High-income
 14    Canada 52.9   High-income
 15    Israel 52.7   High-income
 16    Estonia 52.3   High-income
 17    Austria 50.3   High-income
 18    Hong Kong 50.1   High-income
 19    Ireland 50.0   High-income
 20    Luxembourg 49.1   High-income
 21    Norway 49.1   High-income
 22    Iceland 48.5   High-income
 23    Australia 48.1   High-income
 24    Belgium 47.7   High-income
 25    New Zealand 45.9   High-income
 26    Italy 45.3   High-income
 27    Cyprus 45.1   High-income
 28    Spain 44.9   High-income
 29    Malta 44.8   High-income
 30    Czech Republic 44.0   High-income
 31    Portugal 43.7   High-income
 32    United Arab Emirates 42.8   High-income
 33    Malaysia 40.5   Upper middle-income
 34    Slovenia 40.2   High-income
 35    Lithuania 40.1   High-income
 36    Hungary 39.6   High-income
 37    Turkey 39.0   Upper middle-income
 38    Bulgaria 38.5   Upper middle-income
 39    India 38.3   Lower middle-income
 40    Poland 37.0   High-income
 41    Thailand 36.9   Upper middle-income
 42    Latvia 36.4   High-income
 43    Croatia 36.3   High-income
 44    Vietnam 36.2   Lower middle-income
 45    Greece 36.2   High-income
 46    Slovakia 34.3   High-income
 47    Saudi Arabia 33.9   High-income
 48    Romania 33.4   High-income
 49    Qatar 32.9   High-income
 50    Brazil 32.7   Upper middle-income
 51    Chile 32.6   High-income
 52    Serbia 32.3   Upper middle-income
 53    Philippines 31.1   Lower middle-income
 54    Indonesia 30.6   Upper middle-income
 55    Mauritius 30.6   Upper middle-income
 56    Mexico 30.4   Upper middle-income
 57    Georgia 30.4   Upper middle-income
 58    North Macedonia 29.9   Upper middle-income
 59    Russia 29.7   High-income
 60    Ukraine 29.5   Lower middle-income
 61    Colombia 29.2   Upper middle-income
 62    Uruguay 29.1   High-income
 63    Armenia 29.0   Upper middle-income
 64    Iran 28.9   Lower middle-income
 65    Montenegro 28.9   Upper middle-income
 66    Morocco 28.8   Lower middle-income
 67    Mongolia 28.7   Lower middle-income
 68    Moldova 28.7   Upper middle-income
 69    South Africa 28.3   Upper middle-income
 70    Costa Rica 28.3   Upper middle-income
 71    Kuwait 28.1   High-income
 72    Bahrain 27.6   High-income
 73    Jordan 27.5   Lower middle-income
 74    Oman 27.1   High-income
 75    Peru 26.7   Upper middle-income
 76    Argentina 26.4   Upper middle-income
 77    Barbados 26.1   High-income
 78    Kazakhstan 25.7   Upper middle-income
 79    Jamaica 25.7   Upper middle-income
 80    Bosnia and Herzegovina 25.5   Upper middle-income
 81    Tunisia 25.4   Lower middle-income
 82    Panama 24.7   High-income
 83    Uzbekistan 24.7   Lower middle-income
 84    Albania 24.5   Upper middle-income
 85    Belarus 24.2   Upper middle-income
 86    Egypt 23.7   Lower middle-income
 87    Botswana 23.1   Upper middle-income
 88    Brunei 22.8   High-income
 89    Sri Lanka 22.6   Lower middle-income
 90    Cape Verde 22.3   Lower middle-income
 91    Pakistan 22.0   Lower middle-income
 92    Senegal 22.0   Lower middle-income
 93    Paraguay 21.9   Upper middle-income
 94    Lebanon 21.5   Lower middle-income
 95    Azerbaijan 21.3   Upper middle-income
 96    Kenya 21.0   Lower middle-income
 97    Dominican Republic 20.8   Upper middle-income
 98    El Salvador 20.6   Upper middle-income
 99    Kyrgyzstan 20.4   Lower middle-income
 100    Bolivia 20.2   Lower middle-income
 101    Ghana 20.0   Lower middle-income
 102    Namibia 20.0   Upper middle-income
 103    Cambodia 19.9   Lower middle-income
 104    Rwanda 19.7   Low-income
 105    Ecuador 19.3   Upper middle-income
 106    Bangladesh 19.1   Lower middle-income
 107    Tajikistan 18.6   Lower middle-income
 108    Trinidad and Tobago 18.4   High-income
 109    Nepal 18.1   Lower middle-income
 110    Madagascar 17.9   Low-income
 111    Laos 17.8   Lower middle-income
 112    Ivory Coast 17.5   Lower middle-income
 113    Nigeria 17.1   Lower middle-income
 114    Honduras 16.7   Lower middle-income
 115    Algeria 16.2   Lower middle-income
 116    Zambia 15.7   Lower middle-income
 117    Togo 15.6   Low-income
 118    Zimbabwe 15.6   Lower middle-income
 119    Benin 15.4   Lower middle-income
 120    Tanzania 15.3   Lower middle-income
 121    Uganda 14.9   Low-income
 122    Guatemala 14.6   Upper middle-income
 123    Cameroon 14.4   Lower middle-income
 124    Nicaragua 14.0   Lower middle-income
 125    Myanmar 13.8   Lower middle-income
 126    Mauritania 13.2   Lower middle-income
 127    Burundi 13.2   Low-income
 128    Mozambique 13.1   Low-income
 129    Burkina Faso 12.8   Low-income
 130    Ethiopia 12.3   Low-income
 131    Mali 11.8   Low-income
 132    Niger 11.2   Low-income
 133    Angola 10.2   Lower middle-income

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Jean-Eric Aubert (editor) (2010). Innovation Policy: A Guide for Developing Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank. ISBN 9780821382691.
  2. ^ Charles H. Matthews, Ralph Brueggemann (2015). Innovation and Entrepreneurship: A Competency Framework. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 9780415742528.
  3. ^ "UK ranked as world-leader in innovation". Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. 17 September 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  4. ^ "Academic Network – Portulans Institute". portulansinstitute.org. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  5. ^ Soumitra Dutta, Bruno Lanvin, Sacha Wunsch-Vincent (editors) (2015). Global Innovation Index Report 2015. Fontainebleau; Ithaca; Geneva: INSEAD, Cornell and WIPO. ISBN 9782952221085. Archived 18 February 2016.
  6. ^ "Republic Act No. 11293 : The Philippine Innovation Act declares the GII as a measure of innovation". lawphil.net. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  7. ^ In July 2021, the Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters under the Prime Minister's Office in Japan decided on the Intellectual Property Promotion Plan 2021, setting forth a plan of annual action related to intellectual property for all ministries and agencies. In the first part of the plan, WIPO's GII is cited (p.5):https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/titeki2/kettei/chizaikeikaku20210713.pdf
  8. ^ The GII is also cited throughout the official Malaysian Government report, the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (RMK12): https://rmke12.epu.gov.my/en.
  9. ^ "Resolution No. 01/NQ-CP on solutions for implementation of socio economic development plan in 2021". LuatVietnam. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
  10. ^ "UK ranked as world-leader in innovation". Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. 17 September 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  11. ^ A/RES/74/229: Seventy-fourth session: Agenda item 20 (b): Globalization and interdependence: science, technology and innovation for sustainable development: Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2019. Accessed December 2021.
  12. ^ Dašić, Predrag; Dašić, Jovan; Antanasković, Dejan; Pavićević, Nina (2020). "Statistical Analysis and Modeling of Global Innovation Index (GII) of Serbia". In Karabegović, Isak (ed.). New Technologies, Development and Application III. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Vol. 128. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 515–521. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46817-0_59. ISBN 978-3-030-46817-0. S2CID 218917874.
  13. ^ "Publications: Global Innovation Index". Wipo.int. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  14. ^ WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2024, 17th Edition". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
  15. ^ Akhilesh, Kumar (12 June 2024). "Political Economy of STI in China: Analyzing Official Discourse on Science, Technology and Innovation-Driven Development in the Contemporary China". BRICS Journal of Economics. Retrieved 14 June 2024.

Further reading

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