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Amazon | Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life (Princeton Classics) | Shapin, Steven, Schaffer, Simon | Epistemology

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Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life (Princeton Classics) ペーパーバック – 2011/8/15

英語版 Steven Shapin (著), Simon Schaffer (著)

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Leviathan and the Air-Pump examines the conflicts over the value and propriety of experimental methods between two major seventeenth-century thinkers: Thomas Hobbes, author of the political treatise Leviathan and vehement critic of systematic experimentation in natural philosophy, and Robert Boyle, mechanical philosopher and owner of the newly invented air-pump. The issues at stake in their disputes ranged from the physical integrity of the air-pump to the intellectual integrity of the knowledge it might yield. Both Boyle and Hobbes were looking for ways of establishing knowledge that did not decay into ad hominem attacks and political division. Boyle proposed the experiment as cure. He argued that facts should be manufactured by machines like the air-pump so that gentlemen could witness the experiments and produce knowledge that everyone agreed on. Hobbes, by contrast, looked for natural law and viewed experiments as the artificial, unreliable products of an exclusive guild.

The new approaches taken in Leviathan and the Air-Pump have been enormously influential on historical studies of science. Shapin and Schaffer found a moment of scientific revolution and showed how key scientific givens--facts, interpretations, experiment, truth--were fundamental to a new political order. Shapin and Schaffer were also innovative in their ethnographic approach. Attempting to understand the work habits, rituals, and social structures of a remote, unfamiliar group, they argued that politics were tied up in what scientists did, rather than what they said. Steven Shapin and Simon Schaffer use the confrontation between Hobbes and Boyle as a way of understanding what was at stake in the early history of scientific experimentation. They describe the protagonists' divergent views of natural knowledge, and situate the Hobbes-Boyle disputes within contemporary debates over the role of intellectuals in public life and the problems of social order and assent in Restoration England. In a new introduction, the authors describe how science and its social context were understood when this book was first published, and how the study of the history of science has changed since then.

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本の長さ

391ページ
言語

英語
出版社

Princeton Univ Pr
発売日

2011/8/15
寸法

15.88 x 3.18 x 23.5 cm
ISBN-10

0691150206
ISBN-13

978-0691150208
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"Shapin and Schaffer work out the implications of these debates [between Hobbes and Boyle] for the history of science with great skill of interpretation and exposition. They use their findings and their analysis to give an explanation of the experimental enterprise in general, which, although it is not philosophical in nature, always takes philosophy most seriously. This is simply one of the most original, enjoyable and important books published in the history of science in recent years."--Owen Hannaway, Technology and Culture "If any proof of the intellectual buoyancy or intrinsic worth of the history and philosophy for science was needed, nothing better could be provided than this study by Steven Shapin and Simon Schaffer... Their findings suggest the futility of wrenching science from its ideological context, and not only with respect to the seventeenth century; they also detect parallels with the crisis of confidence affecting contemporary science."--Charles Webster, The Times Literary Supplement Praise for Princeton's previous editions: "Steven Shapin and Simon Schaffer have ventured beyond ordinary history of science or history of ideas to produce a novel 'exercise in the sociology of scientific knowledge.' ... a historical study rich in new interpretations and notable for the use of sources of a kind not hitherto fully exploited by scholars."--Clive Holmes, American Historical Review "[T]he most influential text in our field since Thomas Kuhn'sStructure of Scientific Revolutions."--James Secord, Isis "This is simply one of the most original, enjoyable, and important books published in the history of science in recent years."--Owen Hannaway, Technology and Culture "[A]n unparalleled vignette of the birth pangs of a new style of reasoning."--Ian Hacking, British Journal for the History of Science "Before Shapin and Schaffer, other historians of science had studied scientific practice; other historians had studied the religious, political and cultural context of science. No one, before Shapin and Schaffer, had been capable of doing both at once."--Bruno Latour, author ofWe Have Never Been Modern "There is every reason to regard this as one of the most important achievements in science studies in the late twentieth century."--John H. Zammito, author ofA Nice Derangement of Epistemes "One of the most influential books in the modern history of science."--Melinda Baldwin, Physics Today

著者について

Steven Shapin is the Franklin L. Ford Professor of the History of Science at Harvard University. Simon Schaffer is professor of history of science at the University of Cambridge.

登録情報

出版社 ‏ : ‎ Princeton Univ Pr; Reprint版 (2011/8/15)
発売日 ‏ : ‎ 2011/8/15
言語 ‏ : ‎ 英語
ペーパーバック ‏ : ‎ 391ページ
ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0691150206
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0691150208
寸法 ‏ : ‎ 15.88 x 3.18 x 23.5 cm

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- - 2,137位Epistemology
- - 8,330位Social History

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どうやってポンプで真空を作るのか
2003年4月16日に日本でレビュー済み
どうやってポンプで真空を作るのか、実験は有効なのかなどについてのHobbesとBoyleとの論争を通じて、科学知識というものがどのようにして社会に生み出されていくのかを明らかにするのが主題の本です。
ちょっとDetailに入り込みすぎる気もしますが、
読みごたえはあります。
知識社会学などに興味がある方はぜひ。

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Andrew Louis Black
About as good as scholarly work gets.
2017年3月4日にアメリカ合衆国でレビュー済み
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I'm very glad this book is back in print, because I bought a very expensive copy several years ago just so I could own it.

This is one of the best books I've ever read - fictional or non: a compelling, impossibly sophisticated account of history, science, philosophy, and epistemology. A continuing project of Shapin, he hopes to tease out what we now call "knowledge" based on its originating arguments. The writers find a helpful debate and metaphor for their project that guides us through these complex exchanges: air. Simply put, can their actually be such a thing as nothing? Thomas Hobbes argued no, while Robert Boyle argued more persuasively that yes, there could be, and used his air pump to show it.

When I began reading it, if you had told me that a book about debates between 17th Century plenists and vacuists would hold my attention, I would have laughed. It's not why I chose to study the period. But LEVIATHAN AND THE AIR PUMP does it in such a way that's engaging and profound, reminding us of the significance of the figures involved and the way the implications of their quarrel continues to affect us today. It is, indeed, the "modest witness" who is the precursor to what we now understand as scientific objectivity; it continues to be so, and its privileged status is rarely questioned in the way that Hobbes chose. And yet this quarrel is not lacking in political and spiritual inhibitions.

This is an exciting book, one that any academic should hope to write. Its influence is large and has spawned a sub-field that has continued Shapin's original inquiry, both in fascinating critique (Donna Haraway) and an extended project (Bruno Latour's WE HAVE NEVER BEEN MODERN). Occasionally dense, but told like a story in which the actors are at once larger-than-life and seem intimately familiar.

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patricia higgs
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2014年4月28日に英国でレビュー済み
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I haven't time for all this I am very pleased with all my purchases you would hear from me if I wasn't

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Empty signifier
A social constructivist view of scientific controversy
2012年10月17日にカナダでレビュー済み
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Leviathan and the air pump is a masterful account of how scientific controversies are constructed and, ultimately, won or lost. Shapin and Schaffer use the well known air-pump experiments of the 1660's, wrought by Boyle, and the objections of Thomas Hobbes to the method by which the experiments were conducted, which were all but lost to the inevitable bias that a winners account creates. The authors show that the conclusion of this particular episode in scientific history had as much to do with the social, political and material conditions of the time, and importantly, the air pump itself, than it did with the rightness or wrongness of any particular experiment and proof of concept. Excellent book.

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Ben Williams
Four Stars
2014年8月20日にオーストラリアでレビュー済み
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There's a very good reason why this book is a classic text in science studies.

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Sam Gillis
My girlfriend loves it!
2021年6月10日にカナダでレビュー済み
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I leave it in random places throughout the apartment for her to find, and she is always delighted. It then keeps her occupied for hours on end. The perfect gift for your girlfriend.

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Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life (Princeton Classics) ペーパーバック – 2011/8/15

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Steven Shapin

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5つ星のうち4.0 どうやってポンプで真空を作るのか

他の国からのトップレビュー

5つ星のうち5.0 About as good as scholarly work gets.

5つ星のうち5.0 Re purchases

5つ星のうち5.0 A social constructivist view of scientific controversy

5つ星のうち4.0 Four Stars

5つ星のうち5.0 My girlfriend loves it!

上位レビュー、対象国：日本

どうやってポンプで真空を作るのか

About as good as scholarly work gets.

Re purchases

A social constructivist view of scientific controversy

Four Stars

My girlfriend loves it!