RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Acute respiratory distress syndrome JF BMJ JO BMJ FD British Medical Journal Publishing Group SP e076612 DO 10.1136/bmj-2023-076612 VO 387 A1 Wick, Katherine D A1 Ware, Lorraine B A1 Matthay, Michael A YR 2024 UL https://www.bmj.com/content/387/bmj-2023-076612.abstract AB The understanding of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has evolved greatly since it was first described in a 1967 case series, with several subsequent updates to the definition of the syndrome. Basic science advances and clinical trials have provided insight into the mechanisms of lung injury in ARDS and led to reduced mortality through comprehensive critical care interventions. This review summarizes the current understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of ARDS. Key highlights include a recommended new global definition of ARDS and updated guidelines for managing ARDS on a backbone of established interventions such as low tidal volume ventilation, prone positioning, and a conservative fluid strategy. Future priorities for investigation of ARDS are also highlighted.