Lesson 1 & 2
Art Appreciation
Art
- Comes from the Latin word “Ars”, meaning craftsmanship, inventiveness, mastery of
form, skill
- Includes literature, music, paintings, photography, and sculpture which expresses
several meanings and interpretations
- Serves as an original record of human needs and achievements
- Art is important even amidst extensive poverty and deprivation – Leo N. Tolstoy
(1828-1910)
Salient Points in Tolstoy’s Definition of Art
● It is necessary to cease to consider it as a means to pleasure and to consider it as one
of the conditions of human life
● Art causes the receiver to enter into a certain kind of relationship both with him who
produced the art and with all those who receive the same artistic impression
● Art acts as a speech
● The activity of art is based on the fact that a man is capable of experiencing the emotion
which moved the man who expressed it
● Art begin when one person expresses his feelings by certain external indications
● Art is a human activity
● All human life is filled with works of art of every kind
Assumptions of Art
● Art is universal - there is always art everywhere and every generation
- Art will always be present, men will continue to use art to express themselves
while art persists and never gets depleted
● Art is not nature - art is man’s expression of his reception of nature
● Art involves experience
The Value of Art in Education
1. Connect our imaginations with the most profound questions of human existence
2. Helps to present issues and ideas to teach, persuade, and entertain people
3. Shapes economic, cultural, political, social, and spiritual environments
4. Offers unique sources of enjoyment and investigates relationships between thought and
actions
5. Develops students’ attitudes and teaches self-discipline, reinforces self-esteems, fosters
thinking skills and creativity, and values importance of teamwork and cooperation
Purpose of Arts
1. Creates beauty
2. Commemorates experience
3. Creates harmony
4. Provides decoration
5. Reveals truth
6. Expresses values
Appreciation
- Recognition of good qualities
- A full understanding of a situation
- Synonyms: respect, esteem, comprehension
Art Appreciation
- Recognition of the good qualities and understanding of art
- Acquiring knowledge leads to appreciation
- Knowing context, vocabulary, concepts, themes, processes, and materials
- Does not require liking or loving
Why Study Art?
● Educates people
● Promotes cultural appreciation
● Breaks cultural, social, and economic barriers
● Accesses higher orders of thinking - it inspires you to make your own
Why do we Make Art?
● Art is a vital and persistent aspect of human experience
● To impose order on disorder and to create form from formlessness
● The wish to leave behind something of value by which to be remembered
● The wish to preserve one’s likeness after death
Lesson 3
Stages in Creating Arts
1. Development Stages (Creation of Ideas) - Artists usually impress people by the use of
their creative imagination in making their art work.
2. Adaptation Stage (Creation of the Materials) - artist uses different mediums to give
form to an idea.
3. Completion Stage (Creation of the Forms) - different forms that the artists use in
expressing their ideas.
- a medium of artistic expression (fine art) used to explain the physical nature of
the artwork
Functions of Arts
1. Individual/Personal Function - artists perform because of their respective art forms.
2. Public/Social Function - artist connects with others through the performance of her or
his art that produces social awareness.
3. Commercial Function - Art is a direct and indirect contributor to the state’s economies.
4. Political Function - Art provides a forum for ideas that will lead to power, status,
employment, and prestige.
5. Historical Function - art is an important method for information to be recorded and
preserved because it serves as a document or reconstruction of historical figures and
events
6. Cultural Function - Art is an articulation and transmission of new information and
values.
7. Structural/Physical Function - Buildings are designed and constructed creatively to
make life safe and more meaningful.
8. Religious/Spiritual Function - Arts can also underpin religious or spiritual significance.
9. Aesthetic Function - art is a visual flavor for elegantly adorned interiors and can bring
out the most elegant features of different décor elements.
Categories of Art
1. Visual Arts - create primarily visual works
a. Architecture - form of art that provides physical structures
b. Drawing - form of art enhances the way we see the world around us.
c. Painting - form of art aims to arouse emotion from the viewers practiced by
applying pigments
d. Photography - form of art is a method of creating pictures by recording radiation
on a radiation-sensitive medium such as electronic image sensors or
photographic films
e. Sculpture - form of visual arts which represents an image object in hard
materials
2. Performing Arts - the artists used his/her own body, face, and presence as a medium.
a. Dance - form of art is performed through body movement
b. Film - form of art of motion picture whose medium is used to simulate
experiences that communicate ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, and beauty.
c. Installation Art - an artistic style of three-dimensional works that often are
site-specific and designed to transform the perception of the space.
d. Theatre (Drama) - form of art utilizes artists to portray the imagined event or the
experience of a real or before a live audience on a specific place and time.
e. Music - an art of sound that helps to express feelings, emotions and as well as
ideas.
f. Opera - form of art helps to tell stories through music, performed with a full
orchestra composed of various musical instrument sections.
g. Stagecraft - form of art which is a technical aspect of theatrical production such
as constructing and arranging the scenery, focusing of lighting, design of
costumes, makeup, etc.
3. Literary Arts - focuses on creative writing
4. Interior Design - art or process of designing the inner beautification of a room, house or
building.
Lesson 4
Humanities
Humanities
- Comes from the Latin word “humanitas”/”humanus” which means educated
- generally refers to art, literature, music, architecture, dance and the theatre—in which
human subjectivity is emphasized and individual expressiveness is dramatized.
- Its fields of knowledge and study are dedicated to the pursuit of discovering and
understanding the nature of man.
- deal with man as a being of purpose, of values, loves, hates, ideas and sometimes as a
seer, or prophet with divine inspiration
- Aim at educating
Importance of Studying Humanities
● Provides opportunity to examine what it takes and what it means to be human
● Helps recognize fundamental values and principles such as beauty, truth, love, justice
and faith.
● develops capacity for critical thinking and appreciation for cultural heritage
● fosters understanding across barriers of race, class, gender or ethnicity.
● helps us see the interconnectedness of all areas of knowledge – how it affects and
compliments one another.
● More concerned with how an individual expresses his or her feelings that can be in facial
manifestations or body movements which is its representation
● Explores human conditions through analytical, critical, or theoretical methods that are in
the form of ideas and words that help makes our lives more colorful and meaningful
● Can also be a study of how an individual documented and processed his or her
experiences, particularly in connecting to others.
● Let the learners become logical, creative, and artistic individuals that helps them to
connect with the community
Why Study Humanities?
● Oldest and most important means of expression developed by man
● Humanities and art have always been part of man’s growth and civilization.
● Without experience, there is no art
Lesson 5 & 6
Aesthetic Arts and Crafts
Difference between Aesthetic Arts and Crafts
Aesthetics - comes from the Greek word “eisthesis” which means perception
- Branch of philosophy concentrated to study of art and beauty which was used during the
18th century by a German philosopher Alexander Baumgarten (1714-1762)
- principles governing the nature and appreciation of beauty especially in visual art
Craft - comes from a German word “kraft” which means power or ability
- usually employed in branches of the decorative arts or associated in artistic practice.
- It also implies the application of individual skills through the use of a hand. It tends to
produce things for various human purposes, and tend to exhibit their prettiness around a
goal external to the object itself. (Dutton, 1990)
Arts and Crafts
- started during the 19th century in Europe as design reform and as a social movement
- involves activities related to making things that require a combination of skill, speed, and
patience.
Types of Arts and Crafts
1. Textile Crafts - comes from the Latin word “texere” meaning to braid or to construct.
- Refers to any craft that works with fabric, yarn, or surface design
- Uses synthetic fibers in creating functional or decorative objects
- Types:
a. Cross-stitch - a popular form of craft of counted thread embroidery in
which an X-shaped stitches pattern is used to form a picture.
b. Crochet - a process of creating fabric from yarn, thread, or other material
strands using a crochet hook.
c. Sewing - craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a
needle and thread.
d. Weaving - a fabric production method on which yarns are interlaced at
right angles to form a fabric or a cloth
e. Tatting - making durable lace which is constructed by series of knots and
loops
f. Shoemaking- the skill of manufacturing footwear
g. Lace - a fabric patterned with open holes in the work made by hand or
machine
h. Macrame - basic knotting
i. Millinery - the designing & manufacture of hats
j. String art - an arrangement of colored thread strung between points to
form an abstract geometric design
2. Wood Crafts - a skill that pertains to the woods.
a. Carpentry - skilled trade in the cutting, shaping, and installation of building
materials during construction of the building
b. Marquetry - the art and craft of applying pieces of veneer (thin slices of wood) to
a structure to form a decorative designs
c. Woodturning - a type of woodworking that is used to create wooden objects
d. Wood Carving -
e. Cabinetry - skill in making a box-shaped shaped piece of furniture with doors
and drawers for keeping various objects
f. Upholstery - art of creating a cushion
3. Metal Crafts - art of making artistic design in metal, both practical and aesthetic
purposes
a. Jewelry - form of personal decorations
b. Metal Casting - a process by which material like bronze, copper, glass,
aluminum, and iron is poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the
desired shape, and then allowed to solidify
c. Welded Sculpture - an art form in which the statue is made using welding
techniques
4. Paper/Canvas Crafts - refers to an incredibly durable plain-woven fabric used for
making backpacks, tents, and other sustainable items
a. Bookbinding -
b. Card Making - hand-made method for producing greeting cards
c. Collage - a technique in assembling different forms from materials to create
artwork
d. Origami - an art of paper folding practice by the Japanese as a culture
e. Paper Mache - a composite material consisting of paper pieces or pulp,
sometimes reinforced with textiles, bound with an adhesive
f. Scrapbooking - a method of arranging, preserving, and presenting personal and
family history in a book form
g. Rubber Stamping - a craft wherein the ink is applied to the pattern that carved
or molded into a rubber sheet
5. Plants Crafts - a skill using plant parts as a medium.
a. Corn Dolly Making - relates to the making of shapes and figures known as
“dollies” from straw such as barley, oats, and wheat
b. Floral Design - the art of using plant materials and flowers to create a pleasing
and balanced composition.
c. Pressed Flower Craft -
Principles of Artistic Design
1. Harmony -
2. Variety - a stable composition will show the principle of the mixture. It is achieved by
using different lines, colors, and shapes within an artwork to make key areas stand out
or increase visual interest.
3. Balance - refers to the proportion of opposing visual forces.
4. Movement -
5. Emphasis - refers to the need for an artist to create a focal point within an artwork
6. Proportion - created when the sizes of elements in an artwork are combined
harmoniously
7. Rhythm -
Purposes of Art
1. Art for Acting - Art may pursue to bring about a specific emotion, to relax, or to
entertain the viewer.
2. Art for Healing - Art is also performed by clinical psychologists and art therapists. The
end product is a method of curing through creative acts.
3. Art for Political Change - use visual images to bring about legislative modification.
4. Art for Propaganda - Art is used to influence popular ideas or moods delicately.
5. Art for Communication - Art has a goal, directed toward another individual. Example, a
graphic is a form of art for communication on which the artist expresses his/her
emotions, feelings, and moods.
