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Let us understand the below terms before we get into more details.

1. Operator

An operator is a symbol which has special meaning and performs an operation on single or multiple operands like addition, substraction etc. In the below example, + is the operator.

public class SumOfTwoNumbers {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        int x = 10;
        int y = 90;

        int sum = x + y;

        System.out.println("The sum is: " + sum);
    }
}

Check result here

2. Operand

An operand is what operators are applied on. In the above example x and y are the operands.

Types of Operators in Java

1. Arithmetic Operators

Java arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations on operands.

Operator Description Example
+ Used to perform Addition 8+2 = 10
- Used to perform Subtraction 12-2 = 10
* Used to perform Multiplication 5*2 = 10
/ Used to perform Division 100/10 = 10
% Used to return Remainder 40%10 = 0

Example

public class ArithmeticOperators {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        int x = 90;
        int y = 10;

        int sum = x + y;
        System.out.println("Sum of two numbers: " + sum);
        int diff = x - y;
        System.out.println("Difference between two numbers: " + diff);
        int multiply = x * y;
        System.out.println("Product of two numbers: " + multiply);
        int div = x / y;
        System.out.println("Division of two numbers: " + div);
        int mod = x % y;
        System.out.println("Modulus of two numbers: " + mod);
    }
}

Check Result here

2. Comparison Operators

Java comparison operators are used to compare two operands.

Operator Description Usage
== Is equal to x == y
!= Not equal to !=x
> Greater than x > y
>= Greater than or equal to x >= y
< Less than x < y
<= Less than or equal to x <= y

Example

public class ComparisionOperators {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        int x = 90;
        int y = 10;

        if ( x == y) {
        System.out.println("x and y are equal");
        }
        if ( x != y) {
        System.out.println("x and y are not equal");
        }
        if ( x > y) {
        System.out.println("x is greater than y");
        }
        if ( x < y) {
        System.out.println("x is less than y");
        }
    }
}

Check Result here

3. Bitwise Operators

Java bitwise operators are used to perform bitwise operations on operands.

Operator Description Usage
& Bitwise AND (x > y) & (y > z)
` ` Bitwise OR
^ Bitwise XOR (x > y) ^ (y > z)
~ Bitwise NOT (~x)
<< Bitwise Left Shift x << y
>> Bitwise Right Shift x >> y

4. Logical operators

Below are the logical operators present in the Java.

Operator Description Usage
&& Logical AND (x > y) && (y > z)
` `
! Logical NOT (!x)

5. Assignment Operators

Below are the assignment operators present in the Java.

Operator Description Usage
= Assign int x = 10;
+= Add and assign int x=10; x+=30; // x becomes 40
-= Subtract and assign int x=40; x-=10; // x becomes 30
*= Multiply and assign int x=10; x*=40; // x becomes 400
/= Divide and assign int x=100; x /= 10;// x becomes 10
%= Modulus and assign int x=100; x%=10; // x becomes 0

Example

public class assignmentOperators {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        int x = 10; // assigning 10 to x 
        System.out.println("x value: " + x);
        
        x+=30;
        System.out.println("x value after += operation: " + x);
        
        x-=10;
        System.out.println("x value after -= operation: " + x);
        
        x*=10;
        System.out.println("x value after *= operation: " + x);
        
        x/=10;
        System.out.println("x value after /= operation: " + x);
        
        x%=10;
        System.out.println("x value after %= operation: " + x);
        
    }
}

Check Result here

6. Auto-increment and Auto-decrement Operators

Below are the Auto-increment and Auto-decrement Operators in Java.

Operator Description Example
++ Used to perform Increment int a=10; a++; // a becomes 11
-- Used to perform Decrement int a=10; a--; // a becomes 9

Example

public class ShiftOperators {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        int x = 10;
        
        int y = x++;
        int z = x--;
        System.out.println("x value after ++ operation: " + y);
        
        System.out.println("x value after -- operation: "+ z);
    }
}

Check Result here

7. Ternary Operator

If the operator is applied on a three operands then it is called ternary. This is also known as conditional operator as a condition is followed by ? and true-expression which is followed by a : and false expression. This is oftenly used as a shortcut to replace if-else statement

Example

public class TernaryOperator {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        int x = 10;
        int y = 90;

        int z = x > y ? x : y;

        System.out.println("Larger Number is: " + z);
    }
}

Check Result here

Summary

Operator type Description
Arithmetic Operator + , - , * , / , %
comparision Operator < , > , <= , >=, != , ==
Bitwise Operator & , ^ ,
Logical Operator && , `
Assignment Operator = , += , -= , *= , /= , %=
Auto-increment and Auto-decrement Operators ++ , --
Ternary Operator ? :